三峡库区消落带不同海拔狗牙根草地土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷含量特征

doi:10.11686/cyxb2017133

草业学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 57-68.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2017133

三峡库区消落带不同海拔狗牙根草地土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷含量特征

杨文航, 任庆水, 秦红, 宋虹, 袁中勋, 李昌晓^*

三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆市三峡库区植物生态与资源重点实验室,西南大学生命科学学院,重庆 400715

收稿日期:2017-03-21 修回日期:2017-05-05 出版日期:2018-02-20 发布日期:2018-02-20
通讯作者: lichangx@swu.edu.cn
作者简介:杨文航(1993-),男,陕西西安人,在读硕士。E-mail:464492693@qq.com
基金资助:
重庆市林业重点科技攻关项目(渝林科研2016-8; 2015-6),国家国际科技合作专项(No.2015DFA90900),中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(渝林科推[2014-10]),重庆市研究生科研创新项目(CYS2015068)和重庆市研究生科研创新项目(CYB16066)资助

Characteristics of soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus under Cynodon dactylon vegetation at different altitudes in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Dam Reservoir

YANG Wen-hang, REN Qing-shui, QIN Hong, SONG Hong, YUAN Zhong-xun, LI Chang-xiao^*

Key Laboratory of Eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China

Received:2017-03-21 Revised:2017-05-05 Online:2018-02-20 Published:2018-02-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究库区消落带优势草本植物狗牙根人工植被恢复后土壤质量及肥力的变化,选择三峡库区消落带150, 160和170 m海拔人工构建狗牙根植被土壤为研究对象,并以裸地作为对照,测定土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷和相关理化性质。结果表明:(1)各海拔狗牙根微生物生物量均显著高于裸地,表明狗牙根人工植被构建对土壤微生物恢复具有重要意义。(2)土壤微生物生物量碳、氮含量160 m高程显著高于150和170 m高程,但土壤微生物生物量磷(SMBP)却显著低于150和170 m高程,需要特别注意P元素的下移,加强水体P含量的检测。(3)土壤微生物生物量碳氮比和碳磷比变化范围分别为5.93~15.62和7.11~19.99,土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷占土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷百分比的范围分别为0.68%~2.57%、0.68%~3.33%、1.95%~5.23%。狗牙根土壤微生物生物量碳氮比和碳磷比显著低于裸地,表明狗牙根土壤有效氮、有效磷高于裸地;土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷占土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷百分比显著高于裸地,表明狗牙根土壤营养元素周转速率快于裸地。(4)微生物生物量碳、氮、磷与土壤有机碳、全氮和土壤含水率有显著或极显著相关性,与土壤pH值呈不同程度的负相关。因此,在三峡库区消落带进行狗牙根草地恢复重建能显著提高土壤微生物生物量及土壤质量,对加强三峡库岸生态系统的稳定性具有重要意义。

Abstract: The full operation of the Three Gorges Dam Reservoir (TGDR) on the Yangtze River, China, has formed a hydro-fluctuation belt with an annual change in water level of almost 30 m and spanning an area of 350 km². These large changes in the water level have led to a direct decline in the plant community within the hydro-fluctuation belt. Revegetation is an environmentally friendly measure to restore the ecological integrity of the hydro-fluctuation zone in the TGDR, and is also crucial for maintaining sound riparian ecosystem function and services. The study site (107°32'-108°14' E, 30°03'-30°35' N) was located in the Ruxi River basin in Gonghe Village, Shibao Township, Zhong County, in the Chongqing municipality of China. We monitored the changes in soil fertility and quality upon revegetation of Cynodon dactylon in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the TGDR. Plots of C. dactylon grassland at three elevations (150, 160 and 170 m above sea level) in Zhong County in the TGDR were sampled and the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), soil microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN), and soil microbial biomass phosphorus (SMBP) were determined. The results showed that: (1) The soil microbial biomass at each elevation was significantly higher in C. dactylon grassland than in unplanted soil, indicating that artificial vegetation restoration had significantly increased the soil microbial biomass; (2) The SMBC and SMBN were significantly higher at 160 m elevation than at 150 m and 170 m elevations, but the SMBP was significantly lower at 160 m elevation than at 150 m and 170 m elevations. Thus, special attention should be paid to the transfer of P into water. (3) At the different altitudes, the ratio of SMBC/SMBN ranged from 5.32 to 15.62, and the ratio of SMBC/SMBP ranged from 7.11 to 19.99. The range of SMBC/SOC (soil organic carbon) was 0.68%-2.57%, the range of SMBN/TN (total nitrogen) was 0.68%-3.33%, and the range of SMBP/TP (total phosphorus) was 1.95%-5.23%. The SMBC/SMBN and SMBC/SMBP ratios were significantly higher in C. dactylon grassland than in unplanted soil, indicating that there was more available nitrogen and available phosphorus in C. dactylon grassland than in unplanted soil. In addition, the soil turnover rate was faster in the C. dactylon grassland than in unplanted soil; (4) Soil microbial biomass was significantly correlated with soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and soil moisture, but was negatively correlated with soil pH. Our study showed that the physical and chemical properties of soil under revegetating C. dactylon significantly affected the soil microbial biomass. Thus, revegetation of C. dactylon increased the soil microbial biomass and also enhanced soil quality in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the TGDR.

杨文航, 任庆水, 秦红, 宋虹, 袁中勋, 李昌晓. 三峡库区消落带不同海拔狗牙根草地土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷含量特征[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(2): 57-68.

YANG Wen-hang, REN Qing-shui, QIN Hong, SONG Hong, YUAN Zhong-xun, LI Chang-xiao. Characteristics of soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus under Cynodon dactylon vegetation at different altitudes in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Dam Reservoir[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(2): 57-68.

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三峡库区消落带不同海拔狗牙根草地土壤微生物生物量碳氮磷含量特征

Characteristics of soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus under Cynodon dactylon vegetation at different altitudes in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Dam Reservoir

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