遮荫处理对葛根光合及抗氧化特性的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2018722

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 设置3个光照强度,研究葛根在引种栽培中对光环境变化的响应和适应性。结果显示,叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素含量和光合色素总量随遮荫程度的增加呈上升趋势,但叶绿素a/b变化则相反;葛根净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)和蒸腾速率(T_r)随遮荫程度的增加呈下降趋势,而胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)则随之上升;葛根叶绿素荧光参数初始荧光(F₀)、最大荧光(F_m)、可变荧光(F_v)、光合效率潜能(F_v/F₀)、最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)和PSⅡ实际光化学效率(Φ_PSⅡ)均随遮荫程度的增加而升高。随遮荫程度的增加,葛根叶片可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸含量降低,而丙二醛含量和电导率上升;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)等抗氧化酶活性随遮荫程度的增加呈下降趋势。综合可见,严重遮荫在一定程度上对葛根生长造成胁迫,引种栽培中要防止光照强度过低对葛根的不利影响。

关键词: 葛根, 遮荫, 弱光, 叶绿素荧光特性, 光合速率, 生理指标

Abstract: Light is the main environmental factor for plants to capture energy. Severely low light conditions can reduce the photosynthetic efficiency of plants leading to limited plant growth, and excess light can also hinder plant growth and development. An experiment was undertaken to investigate changes in photosynthesis parameters and antioxidant characteristics in Pueraria lobata under different shading treatments: control (100% natural light, T₁), mild shade (75% natural light, T₂) and moderate shade (50% natural light, T₃). Seedlings of P. lobata were collected and grown in a nursery, and then healthy seedlings of uniform-size seedlings were transferred to the shade shed when seedlings had 8 or 9 leaves. Each treatment was replicated 6 times. It was found that chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid content and total photosynthetic pigment content were increased with the increase of shading degree, while the change of chlorophyll a/b was opposite; The net photosynthetic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (G_s) and transpiration rate (T_r) of P. lobata decreased with increased shading, while the intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) was increased. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of minimal fluorescence (F₀), maximal fluorescence (F_m), variable fluorescence (F_v), F_v/F₀, F_v/F_m and PSII actual photochemical efficiency (Φ_PSⅡ) of P. lobata were increased with increased shading. Meanwhile, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and free amino acid levels in P. lobata leaves decreased with increased shading degree, while malondialdehyde levels and electrical conductivity increased. The antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) decreased with increased shading. The results indicate that low light levels cause stress to P. lobata and it is necessary to avoid low light stress when P. lobata seedlings are establishing. The mechanisms of shading effects on photosynthetic and antioxidant systems of P. lobata and on its growth in different shading treatments, need further research.

Key words: Pueraria lobata, shade, low light, chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic rate, physiological characteristics

吴潇, 何秀娟, 吴超, 董玉锋, 张燕, 徐宇, 秦卫东, 吕俊, 王三根, 宗学凤. 遮荫处理对葛根光合及抗氧化特性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(5): 68-78.

WU Xiao, HE Xiu-juan, WU Chao, DONG Yu-feng, ZHANG Yan, XU Yu, QIN Wei-dong, LÜ Jun, WANG San-gen, ZONG Xue-feng. Effect of shading on photosynthetic and antioxidant characteristics of Pueraria lobata[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(5): 68-78.

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