单一和复合乳酸菌添加剂对扁穗牛鞭草青贮品质的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2018349

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用实验室前期筛出的3株耐高温乳酸菌作为添加剂,探究单一和复合乳酸菌添加剂对高温高湿地区扁穗牛鞭草青贮品质的影响,进一步筛选出最佳的乳酸菌添加配比。试验设8个处理,分别为:1)戊糖片球菌(PP04);2)食窦魏斯氏菌(WC10);3)植物乳杆菌(LP694);4)M-1(PP04:WC10=2:1);5)M-2(PP04:LP694=1:2);6)M-3(WC10:LP694=2:1);7)M-4(PP04:WC10:LP694=2:1:1);8)CK(对照,无乳酸菌添加)。青贮60 d后,测定其发酵品质、营养成分及微生物组成,结果表明:1)处理组的NH₃-N/TN显著低于对照组(P<0.05);2)处理组的乳酸、干物质含量和干物质回收率都显著高于对照组(P<0.05);3)处理组的pH值都小于4.2,其中,M-4处理组的pH值最低,为3.86;4)M-4处理组的微生物菌群组成和感官品质优于其他处理,乳酸含量最高,NH₃-N/TN最低。因此,在扁穗牛鞭草青贮中添加单一或者复合乳酸菌均有利于调制出优质的扁穗牛鞭草青贮饲料,3种乳酸菌复合添加的M-4处理组改善青贮饲料的青贮品质的效果最佳,在生产实践中具有推广利用的潜质。

关键词: 青贮, 乳酸菌添加剂, 扁穗牛鞭草, 发酵品质, 营养成分

Abstract: In order to improve the silage quality of Hemarthria compressa in hot and humid areas, three selected lactic acid bacteria strains [Pediococcus pentosaceus (PP04), Weissella cibaria (WC10) and Lactobacillus plantarum (LP694)] were used as single or multiple additives during H. compressa silage preparation. The treatments tested were as follows: 1) PP04 (Pediococcus pentosaceus); 2) WC10 (Weissella cibaria); 3) LP694 (Lactobacillus plantarum); 4) M-1 [PP04 (Pediococcus pentosaceus):WC10 (Weissella cibaria)=2:1]; 5) M-2 [PP04 (Pediococcus pentosaceus):LP694 (Lactobacillus plantarum)=1:2]; 6) M-3 [WC10 (Weissella cibaria):LP694 (Lactobacillus plantarum)=2:1]; 7) M-4 [PP04 (Pediococcus pentosaceus):WC10 (Weissella cibaria):LP694 (Lactobacillus plantarum)=2:1:1]; 8) CK (uninoculated control). The ratio of NH₃-N/TN in the inoculant treated groups was significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05), while lactic acid bacteria (LAB) treated silages had higher lactic acid content, dry matter content and recovery of dry matter than the uninoculated control (P<0.05). The pH value of all treated groups was less than 4.2, and the lowest pH value (3.86) was observed in the M-4 treatment formulation. Furthermore, the M-4 treatment group had the highest lactic acid content and lowest NH₃-N/TN ratio (P<0.05). Generally, inoculation with one or multiple strains of lactic acid bacteria was beneficial and enhanced the quality of H. compressa silage. The optimal formulation among those tested, for preparing H. compressa silage, was M-4 (PP04:WC10:LP694=2:1:1).

Key words: silage, inoculants, Hemarthria compressa, fermentation quality, nutritional components

李小铃, 关皓, 帅杨, 李小梅, 彭安琪, 李昌华, 蒲棋, 闫艳红, 张新全. 单一和复合乳酸菌添加剂对扁穗牛鞭草青贮品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(6): 119-127.

LI Xiao-ling, GUAN Hao, SHUAI Yang, LI Xiao-mei, PENG An-qi, LI Chang-hua, PU Qi, YAN Yan-hong, ZHANG Xin-quan. Effects of single and multiple inoculants on Hemarthria compressa silage quality[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(6): 119-127.

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