植物乳杆菌和含水量对辣木叶青贮品质和单宁含量的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2018339

草业学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 109-118.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2018339

植物乳杆菌和含水量对辣木叶青贮品质和单宁含量的影响

王成¹, 王益², 周玮², 骈瑞琪², 张庆^2,*, 陈晓阳^2,*

1.华南农业大学动物科学学院,广东广州 510642;
2.华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东木本饲料工程技术研究中心,广东省森林植物种质创新与利用重点实验室,广东广州 510642

收稿日期:2018-05-22 修回日期:2018-07-05 出版日期:2019-06-20 发布日期:2019-06-20
通讯作者: *E-mail: zqing1988@126.com, xychen@scau.edu.cn
作者简介:王成(1994-),男,安徽芜湖人,在读硕士。E-mail: 2556567744@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31702177), 广州市科技计划项目(201707010462)和广东省农业标准化研究项目(辣木叶青贮技术的研究)资助

Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) and moisture on feed quality and tannin content of Moringa oleifera leaf silage

WANG Cheng¹, WANG Yi², ZHOU Wei², PIAN Rui-qi², ZHANG Qing^2,*, CHEN Xiao-yang^2,*

1.College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
2.College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology Guangzhou, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovation Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, Guangzhou 510642, China

Received:2018-05-22 Revised:2018-07-05 Online:2019-06-20 Published:2019-06-20
Contact: * E-mail: zqing1988@126.com, xychen@scau.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 试验旨在探讨含水量和添加植物乳杆菌对辣木叶青贮品质、单宁含量的影响。采用双因素(水分×植物乳杆菌)完全随机设计,含水量分别为60%、70%和75%,植物乳杆菌设置添加组(1×10⁶ cfu·g^-1鲜样)和对照组。分别于青贮的60和120 d,开袋取样测定发酵品质、蛋白组分和单宁含量。辣木叶干物质中粗蛋白(CP)含量为16.72% ,可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量为10.72%。含水量对辣木叶青贮品质有显著影响,70%含水量组与60%水量组相比,氨态氮(NH₃-N)、氨基酸类游离氮(FAA)、乙酸(AA)、丙酸(PA)和乳酸(LP)含量均显著降低(P<0.05);在70%含水量条件下,添加植物乳杆菌,有机酸(LA、AA、PA)含量显著升高(P<0.05),乳酸菌(LAB)和酵母菌(Yeast)数目显著降低(P<0.05);发酵60 d时,在60%和75%含水量条件下,添加植物乳杆菌,pH值显著降低 (P<0.05);所有处理的大肠杆菌数量均小于2.0 log cfu·g^-1FM。不同含水量和植物乳杆菌对辣木叶青贮后单宁含量均有降低作用,但无显著差异(P>0.05)。辣木叶蛋白丰富,易于调制青贮饲料,70%含水量和添加植物乳杆菌对辣木叶青贮品质有明显的改善作用,对降解单宁含量并未产生显著影响。

关键词: 辣木叶青贮, 含水量, 乳酸菌, 单宁

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effect of moisture and Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) on the quality and tannin content of Moringa oleifera leaf silage. The design was a completely randomized, two-factor (60%, 70%, or 75% moisture×+/- LP, 1×10⁶ cfu·g^-1 fresh matter. After 60 and 120 days ensiling, samples were collected to determine fermentation quality, protein composition and tannin content. The M. oleifera leaves at ensiling had a crude protein (CP) content of 16.72% of dry matter (DM), and water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content of 10.72% DM. The moisture content had a significant effect on the quality of M. oleifera leaf silage. Compared with the 60% water group, the content of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH₃-N) and free amino acid (FAA) in the 70% water content group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the contents of lactic acid (LA), acetic acid (AA) and propionic acid (PA) were significantly increased (P<0.05). At 70% water content, adding L. plantarum resulted in significantly increased (P<0.05) the content of organic acids (LA, AA, PA), while the numbers of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts were significantly decreased (P<0.05). After 60 d at 75% moisture content, the addition of L. plantarum had reduced the pH value significantly (P<0.05), and all treated coliform counts were less than 2.0 log cfu·g^-1 fresh matter. None of the various combinations of LP and moisture treatment produced any statistically significant change to the tannin content of M. oleifera leaf silage (P>0.05). The protein content of M. oleifera leaves is high, and they are easy to ensile. The 70% water content and the addition of LP obviously improve the quality of M. oleifera leaf silage, but do not have any significant effect on degradation of the tannin content.

Key words: Moringa oleifera leaves silage, moisture, lactic acid bacteria, tannin

王成, 王益, 周玮, 骈瑞琪, 张庆, 陈晓阳. 植物乳杆菌和含水量对辣木叶青贮品质和单宁含量的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(6): 109-118.

WANG Cheng, WANG Yi, ZHOU Wei, PIAN Rui-qi, ZHANG Qing, CHEN Xiao-yang. Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) and moisture on feed quality and tannin content of Moringa oleifera leaf silage[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(6): 109-118.

参考文献

[1] Xu M, Zhao S J, Song H, et al. Research progress of Moringa oleifera. Food Science, 2016, 37(23): 291-301.
许敏, 赵三军, 宋晖, 等. 辣木的研究进展. 食品科学, 2016, 37(23): 291-301.
[2] Liu Z J, Sun J H, Liu Z H, et al. The application value and development prospect of characteristic plant Moringa oleifera. Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops, 2014, 35(9): 1871-1878.
刘子记, 孙继华, 刘昭华, 等. 特色植物辣木的应用价值及发展前景分析. 热带作物学报, 2014, 35(9): 1871-1878.
[3] Teixeira E M, Carvalho M R, Neves V A, et al. Chemical characteristics and fractionation of proteins from Moringa oleifera leaves. Food Chemistry, 2014, 147(4): 51-54.
[4] Wu D, Cai Z H, Wei Y X, et al. The research progress of Moringa oleifera as a new plant protein feed. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2013, 25(3): 503-511.
吴頔, 蔡志华, 魏烨昕, 等. 辣木作为新型植物性蛋白质饲料的研究进展. 动物营养学报, 2013, 25(3): 503-511.
[5] Asaolu V, Binuomote R, Akinlade J, et al. Intake and growth performance of west african dwarf goats fed Moringa oleifera, gliricidia sepium and leucaena leucocephala dried leaves as supplements to cassava peels. Journal of Biology Agriculture & Healthcare, 2012, 2(9): 45-53.
[6] Babeker E A, Bdalbagi Y M A. Effect of feeding different levels of Moringa oleifera leaves on performance, haematological, biochemical and some physiological parameters of Sudan Nubian goats. Online Journal of Animal & Feed Research, 2015, 5(2): 50-61.
[7] Sultana N, Alimon A R, Huque K S, et al. The feeding value of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) foliage as replacement to conventional concentrate diet in Bengal goats. Advances in Animal & Veterinary Sciences, 2015, 3(3): 164-173.
[8] Adegun M, Aye P.Evaluation of Moringa oleifera, Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala-based multinutrient blocks as feed supplements for sheep in South Western Nigeria. Agriculture & Biology Journal of North America, 2011, 2(11): 1395-1401.
[9] Mendieta-Araica B, Spörndly R, Reyes-Sánchez N, et al. Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf meal as a source of protein in locally produced concentrates for dairy cows fed low protein diets in tropical areas. Livestock Science, 2011, 137(1/3): 10-17.
[10] Sarwatt S V, Milang'Ha M S, Lekule F P, et al. Moringa oleifera and cottonseed cake as supplements for smallholder dairy cows fed Napier grass. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 2004, 16(6): 13-20.
[11] Zhang J G, Feng F, Zhuang Q, et al. Silage treatment of degradation of mimosin and tannin in Leucaena//Procedural Symposium of Youth Working Committee of China Grass Society (Volume One). Shanghai: 2010.
张建国, 冯帆, 庄骐, 等. 青贮处理降解银合欢中含羞草素和单宁的研究//中国草学会青年工作委员会学术研讨会论文集(上册). 上海: 2010.
[12] Zhong S, Zhang X N, Yang Y G, et al. Effects of lactic acid bacteria and cellulase on the quality of alfalfa silage with different water contents. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2017, 29(5): 1821-1830.
钟书, 张晓娜, 杨云贵, 等. 乳酸菌和纤维素酶对不同含水量紫花苜蓿青贮品质的影响. 动物营养学报, 2017, 29(5): 1821-1830.
[13] Wan L Q, Li X L, Zhang X P, et al. Effects of concentration of water and additive components on silage effect in alfalfa. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2007, 16(2): 40-45.
万里强, 李向林, 张新平, 等. 苜蓿含水量与添加剂组分浓度对青贮效果的影响研究. 草业学报, 2007, 16(2): 40-45.
[14] Wang P, Bai C S, Liu L, et al. Effects of mixed lactic acid bacteria preparations on fermentation quality of phragmites australis under low temperature conditions. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2011, 19(1): 127-131.
王鹏, 白春生, 刘林, 等. 低温条件下混合乳酸菌制剂对芦苇发酵品质的影响. 草地学报, 2011, 19(1): 127-131.
[15] Zhang L Y.Feed analysis and quality detection technology. Third edition. Beijing: China Agricultural University Press, 2007: 49-75.
张丽英. 饲料分析及质量检测技术(第3版). 北京: 中国农业大学出版社, 2007: 49-75.
[16] Licitra G, Hernandez T M, Soest P J V. Standardization of procedures for nitrogen fraction on ruminant feeds. Animal Feed Science & Technology, 1996, 57(4): 347-358.
[17] Bolsen K K, Lin C, Brent B E, et al. Effect of silage additives on the microbial succession and fermentation process of alfalfa and corn silage. Journal of Dairy Science, 1992, 75(11): 3066-3083.
[18] Cui X.Effects of adding formic acid and mixed silage on the fermentation characteristics and nutritional quality of alfalfa. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2015.
崔鑫. 添加甲酸及混合青贮对紫花苜蓿发酵特性和营养品质的影响. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2015.
[19] Guo L H, Yang S K.Study on preparation of gallic acid from immobilized aspergillus niger tanase. Chinese Journal of Biotechnology, 2000, 16(5): 614-617.
郭鲁宏, 杨顺楷. 利用固定化黑曲霉单宁酶制备没食子酸的研究. 生物工程学报, 2000, 16(5): 614-617.
[20] Shu S M, Yang C H, Tang Z S, et al. Effect of adding green juice fermented broth on the quality of hemorrhoids silage with different water content. Grass Feeding Livestock, 2011, (4): 41-43.
舒思敏, 杨春华, 唐智松, 等. 添加绿汁发酵液对不同含水量扁穗牛鞭草青贮料品质的影响. 草食家畜, 2011, (4): 41-43.
[21] Xu Q F, Yu Z, Han J G, et al. Determination of organic acids in alfalfa silage by high performance liquid chromatography. Grassland and Turf, 2007, (2): 63-65.
许庆方, 玉柱, 韩建国, 等. 高效液相色谱法测定紫花苜蓿青贮中的有机酸. 草原与草坪, 2007, (2): 63-65.
[22] Zhang Q, Wang X G, Yu Z.Effects of lactobacillus additives and water content on silage of alfalfa. Chinese Cows, 2015, (18): 37-40.
张庆, 王显国, 玉柱. 乳酸菌添加剂和含水量对紫花苜蓿青贮的影响. 中国奶牛, 2015, (18): 37-40.
[23] Makkar H P S, Becker K. Vanillin-HCl method for condensed tannins: Effect of organic solvents used for extraction of tannins. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1993, 19(4): 613-621.
[24] Liu C F, Li G H.The nutritional value of Moringa. Tropical Agricultural Science and Technology, 2004, 27(1): 4-8.
刘昌芬, 李国华. 辣木的营养价值. 热带农业科技, 2004, 27(1): 4-8.
[25] Li M, Zi X J, Zhou H L, et al. Evaluation of forage value of sometropical shrubs in hainan province. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2012, (1): 85-94.
李茂, 字学娟, 周汉林, 等. 海南省部分热带灌木饲用价值评定. 动物营养学报, 2012, (1): 85-94.
[26] Zhang Q.Screening and action mechanism of lactic acid bacteria for forage silage. Beijing: China Agricultural University, 2016.
张庆. 饲草青贮用乳酸菌的筛选及作用机理. 北京: 中国农业大学, 2016.
[27] Rooke J A, Armstrong D G.The importance of the form of nitrogen on microbial protein synthesis in the rumen of cattle receiving grass silage and continuous intrarumen infusions of sucrose. British Journal of Nutrition, 1989, 61(1): 113-121.
[28] Zhang X G, Han W X.Alfalfa semi-dry silage technology. Animals Breeding and Feed, 2010, (8): 78-80.
张学功, 韩文祥. 紫花苜蓿半干青贮技术. 养殖与饲料, 2010, (8): 78-80.
[29] Wan L Q, Li X L, He F.Effect of lactic acid bacteria and cellulase on quality of alfalfa silage. Pratacultural Science, 2011, 28(7): 1379-1383.
万里强, 李向林, 何峰. 添加乳酸菌和纤维素酶对苜蓿青贮品质的影响. 草业科学, 2011, 28(7): 1379-1383.
[30] Zhang D Y, Li Z Q, Liu C L.Research progress on the factors affecting silage quality. Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology, 2007, 28(1): 109-112.
张德玉, 李忠秋, 刘春龙. 影响青贮饲料品质因素的研究进展. 家畜生态学报, 2007, 28(1): 109-112.
[31] Liu T, Wang T F, Luo K, et al. Advances in research on alfalfa silage additives. Feed Research, 2016, (19): 12-14.
刘婷, 王腾飞, 罗宽, 等. 苜蓿青贮添加剂研究进展. 饲料研究, 2016, (19): 12-14.
[32] Li G Y, Chen J H, Zhang L J.Application of additives in alfalfa silage. Feed Research, 2014, (7): 14-16.
李光耀, 陈建华, 张力君. 添加剂在苜蓿青贮中的应用进展. 饲料研究, 2014, (7): 14-16.
[33] Wohlt J E.Use of a Silage inoculant to improve feeding stability and intake of a corn silage-grain diet1. Journal of Dairy Science, 1989, 72(2): 545-551.
[34] Guillén-Román C J, Guevara-González R G, Rocha-Guzmán N E, et al. Effect of nitrogen privation on the phenolics contents, antioxidant and antibacterial activities in Moringa oleifera leaves. Industrial Crops & Products, 2018, 114: 45-51.
[35] Ratshilivha N, Awouafack M D, Toit E S D, et al. The variation in antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of acetone leaf extracts of Moringa oleifera, (Moringaceae) trees enables the selection of trees with additional uses. South African Journal of Botany, 2014, 92(1): 59-64.
[36] Yu Z, Bai C S, Sun Q Z, et al. Effects of different additives on the quality of fructus lyciimillet. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2008, 10(4): 76-81.
玉柱, 白春生, 孙启忠, 等. 不同添加剂对五芒雀麦青贮品质的影响. 中国农业科技导报, 2008, 10(4): 76-81.
[37] Tian R X, An Y, Wang G W, et al. The changes of pH value and nutrient substances in the process of alfalfa silage. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2005, 14(3): 82-86.
田瑞霞, 安渊, 王光文, 等. 紫花苜蓿青贮过程中pH值和营养物质变化规律. 草业学报, 2005, 14(3): 82-86.
[38] Hathway D E.CHAPTER 5-The condensed tannins. Wood Extractives & Their Significance to the Pulp & Paper Industries, 1962, 20(6): 191-228.
[39] Huo Z H, Fang R J.Mechanism of anti-nutritional action of tannin on ruminants and its elimination measures. Chinese Feed, 2007, 20: 20-23.
霍振华, 方热军. 单宁对反刍动物的抗营养作用机理及其消除措施. 中国饲料, 2007, 20: 20-23.
[40] Shi B, Di Y.Plant polyphenols. Beijing: Science Press, 2000.
石碧, 狄莹. 植物多酚. 北京: 科学出版社, 2000.
[41] Sun D W.Plant tannin chemistry. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House, 1992.
孙达旺. 植物单宁化学. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 1992.
[42] Jana A, Halder S K, Banerjee A, et al. Biosynthesis, structural architecture and biotechnological potential of bacterial tannase: a molecular advancement. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 157: 327-340.
[43] Liu R S, Xie D P, Wang G S, et al. Study on the immobilization and properties of tannins. Journal of Hunan Agricultural University (Natural Sciences), 2000, 26(5): 386-388.
刘如石, 谢达平, 王革生, 等. 单宁酶的固定化及其性质的研究. 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2000, 26(5): 386-388.

植物乳杆菌和含水量对辣木叶青贮品质和单宁含量的影响

Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) and moisture on feed quality and tannin content of Moringa oleifera leaf silage

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	宗文贞, 郭家昊, 贾云龙, 郑永兴, 杨旭, 胡芳弟, 王静. 单宁在植物-土壤氮循环中作用的研究进展[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(7): 174-183.
[2]	付锦涛, 王学凯, 倪奎奎, 杨富裕. 添加乳酸菌和糖蜜对全株构树和稻草混合青贮的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(4): 121-128.
[3]	万学瑞, 豆思远, 李玉, 何轶群, 王川, 张小丽, 雷赵民. 复合乳酸菌对全株玉米青贮及有氧暴露后微生物及饲料品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(11): 83-90.
[4]	普雪可, 吴春花, 周永瑾, 勉有明, 苗芳芳, 侯贤清, 李荣. 宁南旱区地膜秸秆沟垄双覆盖对土壤水分时空变化及马铃薯产量的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(10): 149-160.
[5]	毛翠, 刘方圆, 宋恩亮, 王亚芳, 王永军, 战翔, 李原, 成海建, 姜富贵. 不同乳酸菌添加量和发酵时间对全株玉米青贮营养价值及发酵品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(10): 172-181.
[6]	琚泽亮, 赵桂琴, 柴继宽, 贾志峰, 梁国玲. 不同燕麦品种在甘肃中部的营养价值及青贮发酵品质综合评价[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(9): 77-86.
[7]	王飞, 尹飞, 龙浩强, 李雪, 武岩岩, 焦念元, 马超, 付国占. 玉米‖花生茬口对冬小麦旗叶光化学活性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(7): 123-131.
[8]	李小铃, 关皓, 帅杨, 李小梅, 彭安琪, 李昌华, 蒲棋, 闫艳红, 张新全. 单一和复合乳酸菌添加剂对扁穗牛鞭草青贮品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(6): 119-127.
[9]	李菲菲, 张凡凡, 王旭哲, 苗芳, 马春晖. 同/异型发酵乳酸菌对全株玉米青贮营养成分和瘤胃降解特征的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(6): 128-136.
[10]	杨大盛, 汪水平, 韩雪峰, 汤少勋, 谭支良, 尹梦洁, 骆东梅. 乳酸菌和烷基多糖苷对玉米秸秆黄贮品质及其体外发酵特性影响研究[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(5): 109-120.
[11]	李志威, 赵静雯, 沈思聪, 罗佳璇, 赵国琦, 黄倩倩. 尼龙袋法评价香蕉叶单宁对瘤胃降解特性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(12): 114-123.
[12]	代寒凌, 田新会, 杜文华, 吴建平. 不同添加剂处理对小黑麦和黑麦青贮营养品质和发酵品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(12): 211-219.
[13]	安婵, 乔建霞, 商建英, 李金升, 赵天赐, 唐士明, 邵新庆, 黄顶, 王堃, 刘克思. 人造湖对毗邻退化草地土壤含水量、电导率和pH的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(8): 21-29.
[14]	李蕾蕾, 花登峰, 郑兴卫, 李聪. 含水量和混播比例对青南牧区燕麦-箭筈豌豆/毛苕子混播青贮品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(7): 166-174.
[15]	王建福, 雷赵民, 万学瑞, 姜辉, 李洁, 吴建平. 5株乳酸菌复合物与CaCO₃,酶及尿素不同组合对全株玉米青贮品质影响[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(3): 90-97.