青贮饲用油菜对育肥期山羊瘤胃发酵参数及微生物多样性的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2018613

草业学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (9): 146-154.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2018613

青贮饲用油菜对育肥期山羊瘤胃发酵参数及微生物多样性的影响

赵娜¹, 杨雪海¹, 陈芳¹, 郭万正¹, 李晓峰¹, 魏金涛^1,*, 陈明新¹, 周广生², 傅廷栋², 谭志平³

1.湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,动物胚胎工程及分子育种湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉 430064;
2.华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,湖北武汉 430070;
3.湖北省恩施州巴东县信陵镇畜牧兽医服务中心,湖北恩施 444399

收稿日期:2018-09-15 修回日期:2019-01-16 出版日期:2019-09-20 发布日期:2019-09-20
通讯作者: *E-mail: jintao001@163.com
作者简介:赵娜(1981-),女,河南驻马店人,助理研究员,硕士。E-mail: hnzona@sina.com
基金资助:
湖北省现代农业产业技术体系项目和湖北省农业创新项目(2016-620-000-001-028)资助

Effect of silage feeding rape on the rumen fermentation parameters and microbial diversity of goats

ZHAO Na¹, YANG Xue-Hai¹, CHEN Fang¹, GUO Wan-zheng¹, LI Xiao-feng¹, WEI Jin-tao^1,*, CHEN Ming-xin¹, ZHOU Guang-sheng², FU Ting-dong², TAN Zhi-ping³

1.Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China;
2.Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Plant Science and Technology, Wuhan 430070, China;
3.Badong County Xinling Town Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service Center, Enshi 444399, China

Received:2018-09-15 Revised:2019-01-16 Online:2019-09-20 Published:2019-09-20
Contact: *E-mail: jintao001@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本试验旨在研究青贮饲用油菜对山羊瘤胃发酵参数及微生物多样性的影响。将24只3月龄左右宜昌白山羊[平均体重(14.83±0.32) kg,公母各半]随机分为2组。试验组饲喂含有青贮饲用油菜的全混合饲粮,对照组饲喂含有青贮全株玉米的全混合饲粮,预试期7 d,正饲期90 d。试验结束时,每组屠宰6只羊,取瘤胃液测定pH、氨态氮、瘤胃液菌体蛋白质、挥发性脂肪酸等指标,并采用16S高通量测序方法分析瘤胃中菌群结构。结果表明,试验组与对照组山羊的平均日增重、干物质采食量和料重比无显著差异(P>0.05)。试验组与对照组间山羊瘤胃液pH值、氨态氮无显著差异(P>0.05);试验组山羊瘤胃液菌体蛋白含量和异丁酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其他挥发性脂肪酸含量差异不显著(P>0.05);瘤胃菌群结构分析结果表明,试验组和对照组相对丰度大于0.1%的菌门,分别有15和14个,两组中共有的菌门按照丰度排序依次是拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、变形菌门、螺旋体门和Saccharibacteria,但各菌门丰度组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。属水平上,两个组山羊瘤胃液中普雷沃氏菌属的微生物含量均最多。试验组与对照组有显著差异的菌群Prevotella_1丰度从21.10%减少到16.66%,模糊分类群丰度从1.95%增加到3.19%(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲喂青贮饲用油菜能保持山羊瘤胃内环境及微生物菌群结构稳定,维持瘤胃正常发酵。

关键词: 青贮饲用油菜, 宜昌白山羊, 瘤胃, 微生物多样性

Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of feeding rape silage on the rumen fermentation parameters and rumen flora composition of goats. Twenty-four Yichang white goats of about 3 months old [average weight (14.83±0.32) kg, 12 male and 12 female] were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group was fed a total mixed ration containing ensiled forage, and the control group was fed a total mixed ration containing ensiled whole maize. There was a pre-test period of 7 days and a feeding period of 90 days. At the end of the experiment, 6 goats were slaughtered in each group, and the rumen fluid was used to measure pH, ammonia nitrogen, rumen liquid bacterial protein, volatile fatty acids and other indicators. High-throughput sequencing (16S) method was used to analyze the bacterial population structure in the rumen. There was no significant difference in average daily gain, dry matter intake or feed ratio between the experimental group and the control group (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in rumen fluid pH and ammonia nitrogen between goats in the two groups (P>0.05). The contents of bacterial protein and isobutyric acid in rumen fluid of goats fed ensiled forage rape were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), and differences in levels of other volatile fatty acids did not significantly (P>0.05) between the two groups. There were 15 bacterial taxa with relative abundance greater than 0.1% identified in the experimental group and 14 in the control group. The most taxa common to both experimental and control groups were Bacteroides, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetae and Saccharibacteria. At the genus level, the most abundant taxon was Prevotella.Compared to the control group, the only significant differences in bacterial abundance observed in the experimental group were a reduction in Prevotella_1 from 21.10% to 16.66% abundance and an increase in ambiguous taxa (for which reads could not be assigned to a species) from 1.95% to 3.19% abundance. For all other taxa, there was no significant difference between the control and experimental groups in the species abundance in the rumen flora. In summary, in this experiment feeding of silage rape maintained the rumen environment and microbial community structure of Yichang white goats without disruption to normal rumen fermentation.

Key words: silage feeding rape, Yichang white goat, rumen, microbial diversity

赵娜, 杨雪海, 陈芳, 郭万正, 李晓峰, 魏金涛, 陈明新, 周广生, 傅廷栋, 谭志平. 青贮饲用油菜对育肥期山羊瘤胃发酵参数及微生物多样性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(9): 146-154.

ZHAO Na, YANG Xue-Hai, CHEN Fang, GUO Wan-zheng, LI Xiao-feng, WEI Jin-tao, CHEN Ming-xin, ZHOU Guang-sheng, FU Ting-dong, TAN Zhi-ping. Effect of silage feeding rape on the rumen fermentation parameters and microbial diversity of goats[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(9): 146-154.

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青贮饲用油菜对育肥期山羊瘤胃发酵参数及微生物多样性的影响

Effect of silage feeding rape on the rumen fermentation parameters and microbial diversity of goats

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