日粮精粗比对湖羊瘤胃发酵和菌群结构的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019435

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究日粮精粗比对湖羊瘤胃发酵和菌群结构的影响,试验选择40只体重相近、体况良好且健康的湖羊羔羊,随机分为4组,每组10只(公母各半),各试验组羊分别饲喂精粗比70:30(A)、60:40(B)、50:50(C)和40:60(D)的全混合日粮,试验期为70 d。结果表明:1)试验B组的氨态氮、丙酸、丁酸和戊酸含量均显著高于试验D组(P<0.05)。2)4组共产生875个OTU,其中共有OTU为725个,占总OTU数量的82.86%,试验A和D组分别含特有OTU为6和1个。试验A组的细菌门数量和香浓指数显著高于试验C和D组(P<0.05),而辛普森指数则显著低于试验B和C组(P<0.05)。试验C组细菌多样性与试验A和B组差异显著(P<0.05)。3)在门水平上,试验A组的放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和螺旋菌门(Spirochaetae)相对丰度显著高于试验C和D组(P<0.05)。在属水平上,试验A组毛螺菌科_ND3007(Lachnospiraceae_ND3007)、密螺旋体属_2(Treponema_2)、魏斯氏菌属(Weissella)、厌氧支原体属(Anaeroplasma)、短杆菌属(Brevibacterium)、假丁酸弧菌属(Pseudobutyrivibrio)、未培养瘤胃杆菌属(Uncultured_rumen_ bacterium)和罗斯氏菌属(Roseburia)的相对丰度显著高于试验D组(P<0.05),而毛螺菌科_XPB1014(Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014)和未培养拟杆菌目_BS11(Uncultured _Bacteroidales_BS11)的相对丰度则分别显著低于试验C和D组(P<0.05)。综上所述,高精粗比日粮能够提高湖羊瘤胃细菌丰富度和多样性,促进瘤胃的发酵。

关键词: 湖羊, 全混合饲粮, 瘤胃发酵, 菌群结构

Abstract: To study the effects of dietary concentration:roughage ratio on fermentation and flora population structure in Hu sheep, forty healthy lambs with similar body weight and good body condition were randomly divided into four groups with ten sheep per group (5 male and 5 female). Sheep in each group were fed total mixed ration with concentration:roughage ratio of 70:30 (A), 60:40 (B), 50:50 (C) or 40:60 (D), respectively. The experimental period was 70 days containing a 14-day pre-experiment adaptation period and a 56-day experiment. It was found that: 1) The concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, propionic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid in group B were significantly higher than those of group D (P<0.05). 2) In total, 875 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected, and 725 of these OTUs (82.86% of total OTUs) were shared by all four treatment groups. Group A possessed six unique OTUs, while group D had one unique OTU. The number of phyla, and Shannon diversity index were significantly higher in group A than in groups C and D (P<0.05), while the Simpson index was significantly lower in group A than that of groups B and C (P<0.05).The bacterial diversity in group C was significantly different from that in group A and group B (P<0.05). 3) At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, and Spirochaetae in group A was significantly higher than the abundance in groups C and D (P<0.05). At the genus level, the relative abundance values for Lachnospiraceae_ND3007, Treponema_2, Weissella, Anaeroplasma, Brevibacterium, Pseudobutyrivibrio, an uncultured rumen bacterium and Roseburia were significantly higher in group A than in group D (P<0.05). The relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014 and Uncultured_Bacteroidales_BS11 in group A was significantly lower than those of group C and D, respectively (P<0.05). In conclusion, a high concentration:roughage ratio enhanced microbial richness and diversity in rumen of Hu sheep, and thus promoted rumen fermentation.

Key words: Hu sheep, total mixed ration, rumen fermentation, microbial community structure

占今舜, 杨群, 胡耀, 武艳平, 霍俊宏. 日粮精粗比对湖羊瘤胃发酵和菌群结构的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(7): 122-130.

ZHAN Jin-shun, YANG Qun, HU Yao, WU Yan-ping, HUO Jun-hong. Effects of dietary concentration:roughage ratio on rumen fermentation and flora population structure in Hu sheep[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(7): 122-130.

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