草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (7): 11-21.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020253
常帅(), 于红博(), 张巧凤, 马梓策, 刘月璇, 李想
收稿日期:
2020-05-27
修回日期:
2020-07-06
出版日期:
2021-07-20
发布日期:
2021-06-03
通讯作者:
于红博
作者简介:
Corresponding author. E-mail: 1106275721@qq.com基金资助:
Shuai CHANG(), Hong-bo YU(), Qiao-feng ZHANG, Zi-ce MA, Yue-xuan LIU, Xiang LI
Received:
2020-05-27
Revised:
2020-07-06
Online:
2021-07-20
Published:
2021-06-03
Contact:
Hong-bo YU
摘要:
土壤速效氮(AN)的含量是反映土壤养分的重要指标之一,对于草原生态系统的稳定和植被群落发展具有重要作用。以锡林郭勒草原为研究区,通过野外采样、室内试验和数据处理,利用地理信息系统(GIS)平台结合地统计学方法对土壤AN的空间变化特征及分异规律进行了分析,结果显示:1) 锡林郭勒草原土壤AN存在显著的空间分异规律。水平方向上,各土层深度AN含量均呈条带状分布并具有从东至西逐渐减少的趋势;垂直方向上,随着土层深度的增加土壤AN含量逐层递减,渐趋稳定。土壤AN总体含量属于中下等水平。各层土壤AN含量存在空间强相关性,其空间变异主要受结构性因素影响,且都具有中等程度变异。2) 不同的草原类型AN含量有着相似的变化趋势。在0~30 cm土层内,垂直变化梯度均表现为草甸草原>典型草原>荒漠草原;在20~50 cm土层内,垂直变化梯度为典型草原>草甸草原>荒漠草原。3) 各层土壤AN含量之间均具有极显著(P<0.01)相关性。土壤AN与速效钾无明显相关性,其与土壤有机质和速效磷有着极显著(P<0.01)正相关关系,与土壤pH则呈极显著(P<0.01)负相关。
常帅, 于红博, 张巧凤, 马梓策, 刘月璇, 李想. 锡林郭勒草原土壤速效氮空间变异分析[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(7): 11-21.
Shuai CHANG, Hong-bo YU, Qiao-feng ZHANG, Zi-ce MA, Yue-xuan LIU, Xiang LI. Analysis of spatial variability of soil available nitrogen in Xilingol grassland[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(7): 11-21.
土层深度 Soil depth (cm) | 最小值 Minimum (mg·kg-1) | 最大值 Maximum (mg·kg-1) | 平均值 Average (mg·kg-1) | 标准差 Standard deviation | 变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%) | 正态检验 Kolmogorov Smirnov (K-S) | 分布类型 Distribution type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0~5 | 25.06 | 177.52 | 85.23 | 42.59 | 49.97 | 0.102 | 正态分布Normal distribution |
5~10 | 28.14 | 156.52 | 82.88 | 40.66 | 49.06 | 0.004 | 对数正态Logarithmic distribution |
10~20 | 27.86 | 131.88 | 77.54 | 35.53 | 45.82 | 0.051 | 正态分布Normal distribution |
20~30 | 22.54 | 102.55 | 64.12 | 24.59 | 38.35 | 0.049 | 对数正态Logarithmic distribution |
30~40 | 26.04 | 127.33 | 59.03 | 23.90 | 40.49 | 0.200 | 正态分布Normal distribution |
40~50 | 16.66 | 92.40 | 50.80 | 19.84 | 39.06 | 0.200 | 正态分布Normal distribution |
0~50 | 29.24 | 116.39 | 69.93 | 29.14 | 41.67 | 0.080 | 正态分布Normal distribution |
表1 分层土壤速效氮含量描述性统计分析
Table 1 Descriptive statistical analysis of AN content in layered soil
土层深度 Soil depth (cm) | 最小值 Minimum (mg·kg-1) | 最大值 Maximum (mg·kg-1) | 平均值 Average (mg·kg-1) | 标准差 Standard deviation | 变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%) | 正态检验 Kolmogorov Smirnov (K-S) | 分布类型 Distribution type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0~5 | 25.06 | 177.52 | 85.23 | 42.59 | 49.97 | 0.102 | 正态分布Normal distribution |
5~10 | 28.14 | 156.52 | 82.88 | 40.66 | 49.06 | 0.004 | 对数正态Logarithmic distribution |
10~20 | 27.86 | 131.88 | 77.54 | 35.53 | 45.82 | 0.051 | 正态分布Normal distribution |
20~30 | 22.54 | 102.55 | 64.12 | 24.59 | 38.35 | 0.049 | 对数正态Logarithmic distribution |
30~40 | 26.04 | 127.33 | 59.03 | 23.90 | 40.49 | 0.200 | 正态分布Normal distribution |
40~50 | 16.66 | 92.40 | 50.80 | 19.84 | 39.06 | 0.200 | 正态分布Normal distribution |
0~50 | 29.24 | 116.39 | 69.93 | 29.14 | 41.67 | 0.080 | 正态分布Normal distribution |
土层 Soil layers (cm) | 拟合模型 Fit model | 块金值 Nugget (C0) | 基台值 Sill (C0+C) | 块基比 Nugget/sill [C0/(C0+C)] | 变程 Range (m) | 拟合度 Fitness (R2) | 残差 RSS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0~5 | 高斯模型Gaussian | 0.0810 | 0.1585 | 5.11 | 7.0217 | 0.825 | 0.002383 |
5~10 | 高斯模型Gaussian | 0.0300 | 1.2510 | 2.40 | 12.1261 | 0.947 | 0.007243 |
10~20 | 高斯模型Gaussian | 0.0310 | 1.1900 | 2.60 | 12.6786 | 0.914 | 0.009257 |
20~30 | 高斯模型Gaussian | 0.0240 | 0.8060 | 2.98 | 12.8691 | 0.873 | 0.006200 |
30~40 | 球面模型Spherical | 0.0165 | 0.0836 | 19.74 | 8.0090 | 0.371 | 0.004166 |
40~50 | 指数模型Exponential | 0.0243 | 0.1736 | 14.00 | 24.0270 | 0.343 | 0.007463 |
0~50 | 高斯模型Gaussian | 0.0110 | 0.5210 | 2.11 | 12.0395 | 0.819 | 0.005025 |
表2 分层土壤AN拟合最佳半方差函数模型及参数
Table 2 Optimal semi variance function model and parameters of AN fitting for layered soil
土层 Soil layers (cm) | 拟合模型 Fit model | 块金值 Nugget (C0) | 基台值 Sill (C0+C) | 块基比 Nugget/sill [C0/(C0+C)] | 变程 Range (m) | 拟合度 Fitness (R2) | 残差 RSS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0~5 | 高斯模型Gaussian | 0.0810 | 0.1585 | 5.11 | 7.0217 | 0.825 | 0.002383 |
5~10 | 高斯模型Gaussian | 0.0300 | 1.2510 | 2.40 | 12.1261 | 0.947 | 0.007243 |
10~20 | 高斯模型Gaussian | 0.0310 | 1.1900 | 2.60 | 12.6786 | 0.914 | 0.009257 |
20~30 | 高斯模型Gaussian | 0.0240 | 0.8060 | 2.98 | 12.8691 | 0.873 | 0.006200 |
30~40 | 球面模型Spherical | 0.0165 | 0.0836 | 19.74 | 8.0090 | 0.371 | 0.004166 |
40~50 | 指数模型Exponential | 0.0243 | 0.1736 | 14.00 | 24.0270 | 0.343 | 0.007463 |
0~50 | 高斯模型Gaussian | 0.0110 | 0.5210 | 2.11 | 12.0395 | 0.819 | 0.005025 |
土层 Soil layers (cm) | 草甸草原 Meadow grassland | 典型草原 Typical grassland | 荒漠草原 Desert grassland |
---|---|---|---|
0~20 | 10.02 | 9.60 | -6.58 |
10~30 | 20.64 | 18.98 | 2.75 |
20~40 | 9.18 | 10.73 | -1.96 |
30~50 | 14.72 | 14.97 | 10.00 |
表3 分层土壤AN含量垂直变化梯度
Table 3 Vertical gradient of AN content in layered soil (%)
土层 Soil layers (cm) | 草甸草原 Meadow grassland | 典型草原 Typical grassland | 荒漠草原 Desert grassland |
---|---|---|---|
0~20 | 10.02 | 9.60 | -6.58 |
10~30 | 20.64 | 18.98 | 2.75 |
20~40 | 9.18 | 10.73 | -1.96 |
30~50 | 14.72 | 14.97 | 10.00 |
土层Soil layers (cm) | 0~5 cm | 5~10 cm | 10~20 cm | 20~30 cm | 30~40 cm | 40~50 cm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5~10 | 0.879** | |||||
10~20 | 0.888** | 0.959** | ||||
20~30 | 0.808** | 0.889** | 0.920** | |||
30~40 | 0.755** | 0.797** | 0.861** | 0.875** | ||
40~50 | 0.744** | 0.732** | 0.759** | 0.785** | 0.893** | |
0~50 | 0.930** | 0.959** | 0.976** | 0.940** | 0.905** | 0.852** |
表4 不同土层土壤AN含量Pearson相关性检验
Table 4 Pearson correlation test of AN content in different soil layers
土层Soil layers (cm) | 0~5 cm | 5~10 cm | 10~20 cm | 20~30 cm | 30~40 cm | 40~50 cm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5~10 | 0.879** | |||||
10~20 | 0.888** | 0.959** | ||||
20~30 | 0.808** | 0.889** | 0.920** | |||
30~40 | 0.755** | 0.797** | 0.861** | 0.875** | ||
40~50 | 0.744** | 0.732** | 0.759** | 0.785** | 0.893** | |
0~50 | 0.930** | 0.959** | 0.976** | 0.940** | 0.905** | 0.852** |
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