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草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (10): 147-158.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020367

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

玉米秸秆与番茄皮渣裹包混贮发酵品质及瘤胃降解特征研究

付东青1(), 贾春英2(), 连晓春3, 张力4, 张凡凡1(), 马春晖1   

  1. 1.石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆 石河子 832000
    2.新疆生产建设兵团第三师畜牧兽医工作站,新疆 图木舒克 843806
    3.新疆生产建设兵团畜牧兽医工作总站,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830063
    4.新疆农垦科学院,新疆 石河子 832000
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-29 修回日期:2020-10-12 出版日期:2021-09-16 发布日期:2021-09-16
  • 通讯作者: 贾春英,张凡凡
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: zhangfanfan@shzu.edu.cn
    Corresponding author. E-mail: 540822253@qq.com
    付东青(1995-),男,甘肃陇南人,在读硕士。E-mail: 595521990@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆生产建设兵团科技特派员创新创业计划项目(2019CB034);石河子大学高层次人才科研项目(RCSX2018B12);国家牧草产业技术体系项目(CARS-34)

Fermentation quality and in rumen degradability of mixed silage from maize stalk and tomato pomace in varying proportions

Dong-qing FU1(), Chun-ying JIA2(), Xiao-chun LIAN3, Li ZHANG4, Fan-fan ZHANG1(), Chun-hui MA1   

  1. 1.College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China
    2.Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation,the Third Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Tumxuk 843806,China
    3.Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Urumqi 830063,China
    4.Agriculture Academy of Xinjiang,Shihezi 832000,China
  • Received:2020-07-29 Revised:2020-10-12 Online:2021-09-16 Published:2021-09-16
  • Contact: Chun-ying JIA,Fan-fan ZHANG

摘要:

通过化学分析和瘤胃瘘管绵羊动物模型研究南疆地区玉米秸秆与番茄皮渣裹包混贮的发酵品质和瘤胃降解特征,为南疆地区实际饲草生产和农产品废弃物高效利用提供理论基础。试验采用小型裹包机进行混合裹包发酵,共计7个混贮处理,分别为番茄皮渣∶玉米秸秆=0∶10(T1处理)、3∶7(T2处理)、4∶6(T3处理)、5∶5(T4处理)、6∶4(T5处理)、7∶3(T6处理)、10∶0(T7处理)。对裹包开包90 d时主要发酵品质指标[干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、粗脂肪(EE)、粗灰分(Ash)、pH、氨态氮(NH3-N)、乳酸(LA)、乙酸(AA)、丙酸(PA)、丁酸(BA)、NH3-N/总氮(TN)]和绵羊瘤胃降解特征参数[干物质降解率(DMD)、中性洗涤纤维降解率(NDFD)、酸性洗涤纤维降解率(ADFD)、有机物降解率(OMD)及有效降解率(ED)和降解参数]进行分析。结果表明,T2和T3处理的混贮DM和LA含量较高。仅T3处理的混贮CP、WSC和EE含量较高,NH3-N/TN最低。T3和T4处理的混贮NDF和ADF含量较低。T3、T4和T5处理的混贮Ash含量较高。T2、T3和T4处理的混贮pH值较低。仅T2处理的AA含量最低。T1、T2、T3和T4处理的混贮PA含量较低。T1、T2和T3处理的混贮BA和NH3-N含量较低。仅T4处理的混贮EDNDF最高。T1和T7处理的混贮EDADF最高。T3和T7处理的混贮EDOM最高。其余指标各处理间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。综上,将发酵品质和有效降解率中的15项核心指标进行模糊相似优先比综合评价,得到最佳裹包混贮比例为番茄皮渣和玉米秸秆质量比为4∶6,含水量为67.27%。

关键词: 新疆南疆, 玉米秸秆, 番茄皮渣, 发酵品质, 瘤胃降解率

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to provide technical data to inform silage production practice and promote effective utilization of agricultural waste in Southern Xinjiang. The fermentation quality and rumen degradation characteristics of mixed silage of maize stalk and tomato pomace were evaluated by chemical analysis and using rumen fistula sheep animal models. A plastic-wrap method was used for silage fermentation and seven feed treatments were prepared as follows: treatment T1=100% maize stalk; treatment T2 tomato pomace∶maize stalk ratio (TP∶MS)=3∶7; treatment T3 TP∶MS=4∶6; treatment T4 TP∶MS=5∶5, treatment T5 TP∶MS=6∶4; treatment T6 TP∶MS=7∶3; treatment T7=100% tomato pomace. Silage fermentation quality indicators analyzed included dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), water soluble carbohydrates (WSC), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ether extract (EE), crude ash (Ash), pH value, ammonium nitrogen (NH3-N), lactic acid (LA), acetic acid (AA), propionic acid (PA), butyric acid (BA) and NH3-N∶TN. In rumen degradability analyzed included dry matter degradability (DMD), neutral detergent fiber degradability (NDFD), acid detergent fiber degradability (ADFD), organic matter degradability (OMD), effective degradability (ED). and degradation parameters of mixed silage for 90 days. The results showed that the T2 and T3 treatments had the highest DM and LA contents, while the T3 treatment had the highest CP, WSC and EE contents. However, the NH3-N/TN of the T3 treatment was the lowest among the seven treatments. The T3 and T4 treatments had the lowest NDF and ADF contents. The T3, T4 and T5 treatments were highest for Ash content. The T2, T3 and T4 treatments had the lowest pH value. The AA content of the T2 treatment was lower than other treatments. The T1, T2, T3 and T4 treatments had the lowest PA content. The BA and NH3-N contents of the T1, T2 and T3 treatments were lower than for other treatments. The EDNDF of the T4 treatment, the EDADF of the T1 and T7 treatments and the EDOM of the T3 and T7 treatments were higher than other treatments in each case. Other indexes did not differ significantly among treatments (P>0.05). The total fermentation quality and the effective degradability of 15 core indicators were evaluated by a ‘fuzzy similarity priority ratio’ analysis. Overall silage quality and degradability was best for the tomato pomace∶maize stalk silage ratio of 4∶6 (treatment T3, water content about 67.27%).

Key words: Southern Xinjiang, cornstalk, tomato pomace, fermentation quality, ruminal degradability