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草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 118-127.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022025

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮素形态对野牛草生长及氮素吸收利用的影响

邹博坤(), 王欣铭, 褚章杉, 黄馨慧, 陈雨峰, 钱永强()   

  1. 中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所,国家林业和草原局草原研究中心,北京 100091
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-12 修回日期:2022-03-17 出版日期:2022-11-20 发布日期:2022-10-01
  • 通讯作者: 钱永强
  • 作者简介:E-mail: qianyq@caf.ac.cn
    邹博坤(1996-),男,河北张家口人,在读硕士。E-mail: 1007900400@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2019ZE001);泰山产业领军人才项目(tscy20180536)

Effects of nitrogen forms on growth and nitrogen assimilation and utilization of Buchloe dactyloides

Bo-kun ZOU(), Xin-ming WANG, Zhang-shan CHU, Xin-hui HUANG, Yu-feng CHEN, Yong-qiang QIAN()   

  1. Institute of Ecological Protection and Restoration,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Grassland Research Center,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100091,China
  • Received:2022-01-12 Revised:2022-03-17 Online:2022-11-20 Published:2022-10-01
  • Contact: Yong-qiang QIAN

摘要:

为探究野牛草对氮素的吸收偏好,提高野牛草全生育期精细化管理水平,以野牛草‘Sundancer’和‘Texoka’为试验材料,以不施氮(N0)为对照,设置尿素(N1)、硝态氮(N2)、铵态氮(N3)和硝铵1∶1混合(N4)4种氮素形态,施氮量500 mg·kg-1,分析了不同氮素形态对野牛草生长及氮素吸收利用的影响。结果表明:混合态氮显著提高(P<0.05)野牛草总氮含量及地下部硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)和地上部谷氨酸合酶(GOGAT)活性。硝态氮显著提高(P<0.05)野牛草地上部硝态氮含量,尿素显著提高(P<0.05)野牛草地下部硝态氮和铵态氮含量,铵态氮显著提高(P<0.05)野牛草地上部铵态氮含量和NR活性。野牛草地上部GS活性在铵态氮处理下显著降低(P<0.05),地下部GOGAT活性在硝态氮处理下显著降低(P<0.05)。混合态氮能更好地提高野牛草生理活性并促进其生长,单一氮源会抑制部分氮同化酶活性,建议在野牛草实际生产中应以1∶1混合态氮或以尿素为氮源。

关键词: 野牛草, 氮素形态, 生长特征, 氮同化, 氮素利用率

Abstract:

This research explored the nitrogen (N) uptake preference of Buchloe dactyloides, in order to improve the management of this species over the whole growth cycle. The experiment included two cultivars of B. dactyloides (‘Sundancer’ and ‘Texoka’) and four different N regimes (N0: No N as the control, N1: Urea, N2: Nitrate N, N3: Ammonium N and N4: a 1∶1 mixture of nitrate N and ammonium N). The rate of N applied was 500 mg N·kg soil–1 in each case. It was found that total N content, root nitrate reductase (NR) activity, glutamine synthetase (GS) activity and shoot glutamate synthase (GOGAT) activity of B. dactyloides were significantly improved by adding mixed N (P<0.05). Shoot nitrate N content of B. dactyloides was significantly improved by adding nitrate N (P<0.05). Root nitrate N and ammonium N contents of B. dactyloides were significantly improved by adding urea (P<0.05). The shoot ammonium N content and NR activity of B. dactyloides were significantly improved by adding ammonium N (P<0.05). Shoot GS activity of B. dactyloides was significantly reduced by adding ammonium N (P<0.05). Root GOGAT activity of B. dactyloides was significantly reduced by adding nitrate N (P<0.05). Mixed N can better improve the physiological activity and promote the growth of B. dactyloides, but single nitrogen source will inhibit some nitrogen assimilase activity. Based on these results, it is recommended that 1∶1 mixed nitrogen should be used as the nitrogen source in the production of B. dactyloides. Where the ammonium∶nitrate is not 1∶1, urea should be used as the nitrogen source.

Key words: Buchloe dactyloides, nitrogen form, growth characteristics, nitrogen assimilation, nitrogen use efficiency