Effects of biochar amendment and arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on maize growth and physiological biochemistry under cadmium stress

doi:10.11686/cyxb2017447

Abstract

Abstract: To explore the synergistic effects of biochar and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM) on plant grown in cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil, we conducted a pot experiment to investigate the effect of wheat-straw biochar amendment and AM inoculation (Glomus intraradices BEG 141) on maize (Zea mays) growth and physiological biochemistry characteristics with soil contaminated with 0, 3 or 6 mg Cd·kg^-1 soil. The results showed that applying either biochar or AM inoculant alone or in combination all significantly increased maize growth, photosynthetic pigment content, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzymatic activities while decreasing intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) and MDA content. Compared with biochar application and AM inoculation, AM inoculation alone was effective at alleviating Cd stress and facilitating maize growth while biochar alone was more effective at inducing soil alkalinization. Amending soil with biochar and AM inoculant together produced the largest increase in maize growth and physiological biochemistry characteristics. This effect was additive, with 43.87% and 79.10% greater plant height and biomass, 33.09%,45.04% and 31.27% higher net photosynthetic rate (P_n), transpiration rate (T_r) and stomatal conductance (G_s), and 51.42%, 82.91% and 43.96% higher superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activity, respectively, at a 6 mg·kg^-1 Cd contamination rate. In general, biochar and AM inoculation alone or in combination all improved maize growth and alleviated Cd toxicity. Biochar addition in combination with AM inoculation application was the most effective treatment but AM inoculation alone was more effective than biochar for increasing the resistance of Cd toxicity and improving maize growth in Cd-contaminated soil.

Key words: maize, biochar, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, cadmium stress, physiological biochemistry characteristics

LI Ji-wei, YUE Fei-xue, WANG Yan-fang, ZHANG Ya-mei, NI Rui-jing, WANG Fa-yuan, FU Guo-zhan, LIU Ling. Effects of biochar amendment and arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on maize growth and physiological biochemistry under cadmium stress[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(5): 120-129.

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