Effects of exogenous nitric oxide on seed germination and seedling growth of Chenopodium quinoa under complex saline-alkali stress

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019307

Abstract

Abstract: Neutral salts (NaCl and Na₂SO₄) and alkaline salts (NaHCO₃ and Na₂CO₃) were used to generate five pH values of complex saline-alkali solutions (7.33-10.39) by varying the proportion of alkaline salts. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) concentrations of 50, 100, 150, 200 μmol·L^-1 were used as an exogenous nitric oxide donor to treat Chenopodium quinoa seed. The seed germination and seedling growth, as well as physiological characteristics of C. quinoa under the range complex saline-alkali stress conditions were analyzed. It was found that seed germination and seedling growth of quinoa were significantly inhibited by complex saline-alkali stress, and the seedlings rotted when the pH values were greater than 9.0. After pretreatment with different concentrations of SNP, the germination and growth were significantly improved, 100 and 150 μmol·L^-1 SNP gave the best results. Compared with saline-alkali treatment alone, the maximum the root length was increased by 74.08% and 70.77%, the maximum fresh biomass was increased by 1.72 and 3.97 times, respectively, under A (NaCl∶Na₂SO₄=1∶1) and B (NaCl∶Na₂SO₄∶NaHCO₃=1∶2∶1) treatments. Supplementation with SNP under C (NaCl∶Na₂SO₄∶NaHCO₃∶Na₂CO₃=1∶9∶9∶1), D (NaCl∶Na₂SO₄∶NaHCO₃∶Na₂CO₃=1∶1∶1∶1), E (NaCl∶Na₂SO₄∶NaHCO₃∶Na₂CO₃=9∶1∶1∶9) treatments prevent some seed decay, and root length was, respectively, 1.03, 0.83, and 0.60 times that of CK, while fresh biomass was, respectively, 1.13, 1.13, 0.82 times that of CK. With increase in the SNP concentration, proline content and activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase initially increased and then decreased, while MDA content initially decreased and then increased. In conclusion, SNP promoted quinoa germination and growth under saline-alkali stress, and there was a clear concentration-dependent relationship. Key components of the response were increased osmotic adjustment and antioxidant enzyme activities, thus alleviating cellular injury, with resultant promotion of the seedling growth, and enhancement of the saline-alkali resistance of quinoa.

Key words: exogenous nitric oxide, saline-alkali stress, Chenopodium quinoa, germination stage, anti-oxidative enzymes

ZHAO Ying, WEI Xiao-hong, LI Tao-tao. Effects of exogenous nitric oxide on seed germination and seedling growth of Chenopodium quinoa under complex saline-alkali stress[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(4): 92-101.

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