Effects of grazing exclosure and herbicide on soil physical-chemical properties and microbial biomass of Stellera chamaejasme patches in degraded grassland

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019560

Abstract

Abstract: Stellera chamaejasme is a toxic plant, largely distributed in degraded grassland of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, where it can dominate other vegetation. Grazing exclosure and herbicides are considered the effective methods to control S. chamaejasme and restore degraded grassland where S. chamaejasme has become the dominant species. However, effects of grazing exclosure and herbicides on plant community structure, soil physical-chemical properties and soil microbial biomass within or between patches of S. chamaejasme are unclear. Therefore, plant diversity indexes, soil nutrient status, and soil microbial biomass were determined within and between S. chamaejasme patches after one year of grazing exclosure and herbicide application. It was found that aboveground biomass and plant diversity indexes within natural patches of S. chamaejasme were higher than between patches; however, aboveground biomass within herbicide application patches was lower than between them. In the surface soil (0-10 cm), Stellera increased soil moisture content, total nitrogen, ammonium, nitrate and organic matter. By contrast, herbicide decreased the organic matter and total potassium within patches. At greater soil depth (10-20 cm), Stellera increased ammonium and nitrate content; in contrast, herbicide decreased available phosphorus, ammonium and organic matter. Herbicide and grazing exclosure increased microbial carbon biomass within patches compared with between patches. Furthermore, herbicide increased soil microbial nitrogen biomass but decreased microbial phosphorus within patches. Combing herbicide and grazing exclosure decreased the S. chamaejasme population, improved grass biomass, regulated plant community structure and accelerated nutrient cycling, and resulted in restoration of the degraded grassland in which S. chamaejasme had become the dominant species.

Key words: Stellera chamaejasme, enclosure, removal, patch, diversity indexes, soil nutrient, soil microbial biomass

BAO Gen-sheng, SONG Mei-ling, WANG Yu-qin, YIN Ya-li, WANG Hong-sheng. Effects of grazing exclosure and herbicide on soil physical-chemical properties and microbial biomass of Stellera chamaejasme patches in degraded grassland[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(9): 63-72.

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