Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 40-53.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020236
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Qiang-qiang CHEN1,2(), Wen-juan CHEN3, Ya-fei MA1, Jie-yu YANG1, Qing YANG1
Received:
2020-05-26
Revised:
2020-07-29
Online:
2021-05-21
Published:
2021-05-21
Qiang-qiang CHEN, Wen-juan CHEN, Ya-fei MA, Jie-yu YANG, Qing YANG. Effect of social capital on herders’ willingness to participate in grassland ecological governance——A case study of the Yellow River catchment area in Gannan autonomous prefecture[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(6): 40-53.
变量 Variable | 项目 Item | 变量含义及赋值 Definition measurement | 最小值 Minimum | 最大值 Maximum | 平均值 Mean | 标准差Standardd eviation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
因变量 Dependent variable | 参与意愿Participation willingness | 1:愿意Willingness;0:不愿意参与Unwillingness | 0 | 1 | 0.883 | 0.322 |
支付意愿 Willingness to pay | 草原生态治理支付意愿(元·户-1·年-1)Payment willingness on rangeland ecological governance(CNY·yr-1·household-1) | 0 | 1200 | 277.710 | 215.870 | |
核心自变量 Core independent variables 社会网络 Social network | 牧民交往 Communication among herdsmen | 1:从不交往Never;2:偶尔交往Occasionally;3:一般General;4:频繁交往Frequently;5:经常交往Constantly | 1 | 5 | 3.436 | 0.937 |
干群交往 Communication between cadres and massed | 1:从不交往Never;2:偶尔交往Occasionally;3:一般General;4:频繁交往Frequently;5:经常交往Constantly | 1 | 5 | 2.718 | 0.992 | |
社会信任 Social trust | 牧民信任 Trust among herdsmen | 1:很不信任Never trust;2:较不信任Occasionally mistrust;3:一般General trust;4:较信任Frequently trust;5:非常信任Constantly trust | 1 | 5 | 3.532 | 1.005 |
干群信任 Trust between cadres and massed | 1:很不信任Never trust;2:较不信任Occasionally mistrust;3:一般General trust;4:较信任Frequently trust;5:非常信任Constantly trust | 1 | 5 | 2.926 | 0.874 | |
社会规范 Social norms | 遵守草原法规制度 Abide by grassland laws and regulations | 1:从不遵守Never;2:偶尔遵守Occasionally;3:一般General;4:比较遵守Frequently;5:经常遵守Constantly | 1 | 5 | 4.170 | 0.776 |
遵守村规民约 Abide by village rules and regulation | 1:从不遵守Never;2:偶尔遵守Occasionally;3:一般General;4:比较遵守Frequently;5:经常遵守Constantly | 1 | 5 | 4.186 | 0.867 | |
社会参与 Social participation | 参与村集体活动 Participate in village collective activities | 1:从不参与Never;2:偶尔参与Occasionally;3:一般General;4:频繁参与Frequently;5:经常参与Constantly | 1 | 5 | 2.830 | 1.106 |
社会互惠 Social reciprocity | 牧民互帮互助 Herdsmen mutual aid | 1:非常不同意Resolutely oppose;2:比较不同意Disagree;3:一般Sometimes disagree;4:比较同意Often agree;5:非常同意Agree entirely | 1 | 5 | 4.234 | 0.839 |
控制变量 Control variable | 性别Gender | 1:男Male;2:女Female | 1 | 2 | 1.298 | 0.459 |
年龄Age | 1:18岁以下Under 18;2:18~25;3:26~30;4:31~40;5:41~50;6:51~60;7:60以上Above 60 | 2 | 7 | 3.793 | 1.190 | |
家庭决策者Family decision makers | 1:是Yes;2:否No | 1 | 2 | 1.792 | 0.407 | |
中共党员Party member | 1:是Yes;2:否No | 1 | 2 | 0.080 | 0.272 | |
家庭总人口Family population | 样本牧户家庭总人口数Householder’s real number | 3 | 11 | 5.287 | 1.636 | |
文化程度Education level | 1:小学及以下;2:初中;3:高中、职高;4:大专;5:本科及以上。1:Primary school or below;2:Junior school;3:Senior high school or vocational high school;4:Junior college;5:Bachelor degree or above. | 1 | 5 | 1.569 | 0.866 | |
家庭年收入Family income | 牧户家庭年均总收入(万元) Annual family income(×104 CNY) | 0.1 | 10 | 2.845 | 2.135 | |
兼业化行为Part-time behavior | 1:纯牧户;2:兼业户1:Herdsman;2: Part-time herdsman | 1 | 2 | 1.569 | 0.497 |
Table 1 Variable meaning, assignment and descriptive statistics
变量 Variable | 项目 Item | 变量含义及赋值 Definition measurement | 最小值 Minimum | 最大值 Maximum | 平均值 Mean | 标准差Standardd eviation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
因变量 Dependent variable | 参与意愿Participation willingness | 1:愿意Willingness;0:不愿意参与Unwillingness | 0 | 1 | 0.883 | 0.322 |
支付意愿 Willingness to pay | 草原生态治理支付意愿(元·户-1·年-1)Payment willingness on rangeland ecological governance(CNY·yr-1·household-1) | 0 | 1200 | 277.710 | 215.870 | |
核心自变量 Core independent variables 社会网络 Social network | 牧民交往 Communication among herdsmen | 1:从不交往Never;2:偶尔交往Occasionally;3:一般General;4:频繁交往Frequently;5:经常交往Constantly | 1 | 5 | 3.436 | 0.937 |
干群交往 Communication between cadres and massed | 1:从不交往Never;2:偶尔交往Occasionally;3:一般General;4:频繁交往Frequently;5:经常交往Constantly | 1 | 5 | 2.718 | 0.992 | |
社会信任 Social trust | 牧民信任 Trust among herdsmen | 1:很不信任Never trust;2:较不信任Occasionally mistrust;3:一般General trust;4:较信任Frequently trust;5:非常信任Constantly trust | 1 | 5 | 3.532 | 1.005 |
干群信任 Trust between cadres and massed | 1:很不信任Never trust;2:较不信任Occasionally mistrust;3:一般General trust;4:较信任Frequently trust;5:非常信任Constantly trust | 1 | 5 | 2.926 | 0.874 | |
社会规范 Social norms | 遵守草原法规制度 Abide by grassland laws and regulations | 1:从不遵守Never;2:偶尔遵守Occasionally;3:一般General;4:比较遵守Frequently;5:经常遵守Constantly | 1 | 5 | 4.170 | 0.776 |
遵守村规民约 Abide by village rules and regulation | 1:从不遵守Never;2:偶尔遵守Occasionally;3:一般General;4:比较遵守Frequently;5:经常遵守Constantly | 1 | 5 | 4.186 | 0.867 | |
社会参与 Social participation | 参与村集体活动 Participate in village collective activities | 1:从不参与Never;2:偶尔参与Occasionally;3:一般General;4:频繁参与Frequently;5:经常参与Constantly | 1 | 5 | 2.830 | 1.106 |
社会互惠 Social reciprocity | 牧民互帮互助 Herdsmen mutual aid | 1:非常不同意Resolutely oppose;2:比较不同意Disagree;3:一般Sometimes disagree;4:比较同意Often agree;5:非常同意Agree entirely | 1 | 5 | 4.234 | 0.839 |
控制变量 Control variable | 性别Gender | 1:男Male;2:女Female | 1 | 2 | 1.298 | 0.459 |
年龄Age | 1:18岁以下Under 18;2:18~25;3:26~30;4:31~40;5:41~50;6:51~60;7:60以上Above 60 | 2 | 7 | 3.793 | 1.190 | |
家庭决策者Family decision makers | 1:是Yes;2:否No | 1 | 2 | 1.792 | 0.407 | |
中共党员Party member | 1:是Yes;2:否No | 1 | 2 | 0.080 | 0.272 | |
家庭总人口Family population | 样本牧户家庭总人口数Householder’s real number | 3 | 11 | 5.287 | 1.636 | |
文化程度Education level | 1:小学及以下;2:初中;3:高中、职高;4:大专;5:本科及以上。1:Primary school or below;2:Junior school;3:Senior high school or vocational high school;4:Junior college;5:Bachelor degree or above. | 1 | 5 | 1.569 | 0.866 | |
家庭年收入Family income | 牧户家庭年均总收入(万元) Annual family income(×104 CNY) | 0.1 | 10 | 2.845 | 2.135 | |
兼业化行为Part-time behavior | 1:纯牧户;2:兼业户1:Herdsman;2: Part-time herdsman | 1 | 2 | 1.569 | 0.497 |
愿意支付金额 Willing to pay (CNY·yr-1·household-1) | 绝对频次 Absolute frequency (persons) | 相对频度 Relative frequency (%) | 调整频度 Adjustment frequency (%) | 累计频度 Cumulative frequency (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
100以下Below 100 | 31 | 16.489 | 19.255 | 19.255 |
100~200 | 37 | 19.681 | 22.981 | 42.236 |
200~300 | 38 | 20.213 | 23.602 | 65.839 |
300~400 | 20 | 10.638 | 12.422 | 78.261 |
400~500 | 16 | 8.511 | 9.938 | 88.199 |
500~600 | 6 | 3.191 | 3.727 | 91.925 |
600~700 | 5 | 2.660 | 3.106 | 95.031 |
700~800 | 3 | 1.596 | 1.863 | 96.894 |
>800 | 5 | 2.660 | 3.106 | 100.000 |
愿意支付Willingness to pay | 161 | 85.638 | - | - |
不愿意支付Unwillingness to pay | 27 | 14.362 | - | - |
总计Total | 188 | 100.000 | - | - |
Table 2 Cumulative frequency distribution of willingness to pay for grassland ecological governance of farmers
愿意支付金额 Willing to pay (CNY·yr-1·household-1) | 绝对频次 Absolute frequency (persons) | 相对频度 Relative frequency (%) | 调整频度 Adjustment frequency (%) | 累计频度 Cumulative frequency (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
100以下Below 100 | 31 | 16.489 | 19.255 | 19.255 |
100~200 | 37 | 19.681 | 22.981 | 42.236 |
200~300 | 38 | 20.213 | 23.602 | 65.839 |
300~400 | 20 | 10.638 | 12.422 | 78.261 |
400~500 | 16 | 8.511 | 9.938 | 88.199 |
500~600 | 6 | 3.191 | 3.727 | 91.925 |
600~700 | 5 | 2.660 | 3.106 | 95.031 |
700~800 | 3 | 1.596 | 1.863 | 96.894 |
>800 | 5 | 2.660 | 3.106 | 100.000 |
愿意支付Willingness to pay | 161 | 85.638 | - | - |
不愿意支付Unwillingness to pay | 27 | 14.362 | - | - |
总计Total | 188 | 100.000 | - | - |
变量类型 Variable type | 变量 Variable | 参与意愿 Participation willingness | 支付意愿 Payment willingness | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
系数Coefficient | z值z value | 系数Coefficient | z值z value | ||
社会网络 Social network | 牧民交往Communication among herdsmen | 0.080 | 0.56 | -53.031** | -1.93 |
干群交往Communication between cadres and massed | -0.274* | -1.91 | 20.738 | 0.79 | |
社会信任 Social trust | 牧民信任Trust among herdsmen | 0.261* | 1.67 | 70.686*** | 2.79 |
干群信任Trust between cadres and massed | -0.228 | -1.58 | -11.747 | -0.42 | |
社会规范 Social norms | 遵守草原法规制度Abide by grassland laws and regulations | 0.335 | 1.47 | -48.022 | -1.34 |
遵守村规民约Abide by village rules and regulation | 0.452** | 2.35 | 34.405 | 0.96 | |
社会参与 Social participation | 参与村集体活动Participate in village collective activities | -0.304** | -2.39 | -45.003** | -2.14 |
社会互惠 Social reciprocity | 牧民互帮互助Herdsmen mutual aid | 0.006 | 0.04 | 19.185 | 0.62 |
控制变量 Control variables | 性别Gender | 0.299 | 0.92 | 25.719 | 0.52 |
年龄Age | 0.237* | 1.78 | -5.256 | -0.27 | |
家庭决策者Family decision makers | 0.551* | 1.73 | -57.764 | -1.08 | |
中共党员Party member | 1.054 | 2.04 | 119.590* | 1.69 | |
家庭总人口Family population | -0.050 | -0.50 | 45.283*** | 3.30 | |
文化程度Education level | -0.159 | -0.87 | -1.434 | -0.05 | |
家庭年收入Family income | -0.123* | -67.00 | 74.456*** | 5.98 | |
兼业化行为Part-time behavior | -0.261 | -0.85 | 46.172 | 1.00 | |
常量Constant term | -1.772 | -1.19 | -278.969 | -1.09 | |
沃尔德卡方值Wald chi2(16) =29.48 | Wald chi2(15) =78.03 | ||||
显著性Prob>chi2=0.0210 | Prob>chi2=0.0000 | ||||
对数伪然值Logarithmic pseudo-values=-51.568 | 对数似然值 Log likelihood=-1006.819 |
Table 3 Model estimation results
变量类型 Variable type | 变量 Variable | 参与意愿 Participation willingness | 支付意愿 Payment willingness | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
系数Coefficient | z值z value | 系数Coefficient | z值z value | ||
社会网络 Social network | 牧民交往Communication among herdsmen | 0.080 | 0.56 | -53.031** | -1.93 |
干群交往Communication between cadres and massed | -0.274* | -1.91 | 20.738 | 0.79 | |
社会信任 Social trust | 牧民信任Trust among herdsmen | 0.261* | 1.67 | 70.686*** | 2.79 |
干群信任Trust between cadres and massed | -0.228 | -1.58 | -11.747 | -0.42 | |
社会规范 Social norms | 遵守草原法规制度Abide by grassland laws and regulations | 0.335 | 1.47 | -48.022 | -1.34 |
遵守村规民约Abide by village rules and regulation | 0.452** | 2.35 | 34.405 | 0.96 | |
社会参与 Social participation | 参与村集体活动Participate in village collective activities | -0.304** | -2.39 | -45.003** | -2.14 |
社会互惠 Social reciprocity | 牧民互帮互助Herdsmen mutual aid | 0.006 | 0.04 | 19.185 | 0.62 |
控制变量 Control variables | 性别Gender | 0.299 | 0.92 | 25.719 | 0.52 |
年龄Age | 0.237* | 1.78 | -5.256 | -0.27 | |
家庭决策者Family decision makers | 0.551* | 1.73 | -57.764 | -1.08 | |
中共党员Party member | 1.054 | 2.04 | 119.590* | 1.69 | |
家庭总人口Family population | -0.050 | -0.50 | 45.283*** | 3.30 | |
文化程度Education level | -0.159 | -0.87 | -1.434 | -0.05 | |
家庭年收入Family income | -0.123* | -67.00 | 74.456*** | 5.98 | |
兼业化行为Part-time behavior | -0.261 | -0.85 | 46.172 | 1.00 | |
常量Constant term | -1.772 | -1.19 | -278.969 | -1.09 | |
沃尔德卡方值Wald chi2(16) =29.48 | Wald chi2(15) =78.03 | ||||
显著性Prob>chi2=0.0210 | Prob>chi2=0.0000 | ||||
对数伪然值Logarithmic pseudo-values=-51.568 | 对数似然值 Log likelihood=-1006.819 |
变量Variable | 平均边际效应Average marginal effects | 标准误Standard error | z值z value |
---|---|---|---|
牧民交往Communication among herdsmen | 0.012 | 0.021 | 0.57 |
干群交往Communication between cadres and massed | -0.042** | 0.021 | -2.00 |
牧民信任Trust among herdsmen | 0.040* | 0.023 | 1.74 |
干群信任Trust between cadres and massed | -0.035 | 0.021 | -1.64 |
遵守草原法规制度Abide by grassland laws and regulations | 0.051 | 0.034 | 1.49 |
遵守村规民约Abide by village rules and regulation | 0.069** | 0.029 | 2.36 |
参与村集体活动Participate in village collective activities | -0.046** | 0.019 | -2.39 |
牧民互帮互助Herdsmen mutual aid | 0.001 | 0.022 | 0.04 |
性别Gender | 0.046 | 0.050 | 0.92 |
年龄Age | 0.036* | 0.021 | 1.76 |
家庭决策者Family decision makers | 0.084* | 0.047 | 1.78 |
中共党员Party member | 0.161** | 0.080 | 2.01 |
家庭总人口Family population | -0.008 | 0.015 | -0.51 |
文化程度Education level | -0.024 | 0.028 | -0.86 |
家庭年收入Family income | -0.019* | 0.011 | -1.70 |
兼业化行为Part-time behavior | -0.039 | 0.047 | -0.85 |
Table 4 Average marginal effects
变量Variable | 平均边际效应Average marginal effects | 标准误Standard error | z值z value |
---|---|---|---|
牧民交往Communication among herdsmen | 0.012 | 0.021 | 0.57 |
干群交往Communication between cadres and massed | -0.042** | 0.021 | -2.00 |
牧民信任Trust among herdsmen | 0.040* | 0.023 | 1.74 |
干群信任Trust between cadres and massed | -0.035 | 0.021 | -1.64 |
遵守草原法规制度Abide by grassland laws and regulations | 0.051 | 0.034 | 1.49 |
遵守村规民约Abide by village rules and regulation | 0.069** | 0.029 | 2.36 |
参与村集体活动Participate in village collective activities | -0.046** | 0.019 | -2.39 |
牧民互帮互助Herdsmen mutual aid | 0.001 | 0.022 | 0.04 |
性别Gender | 0.046 | 0.050 | 0.92 |
年龄Age | 0.036* | 0.021 | 1.76 |
家庭决策者Family decision makers | 0.084* | 0.047 | 1.78 |
中共党员Party member | 0.161** | 0.080 | 2.01 |
家庭总人口Family population | -0.008 | 0.015 | -0.51 |
文化程度Education level | -0.024 | 0.028 | -0.86 |
家庭年收入Family income | -0.019* | 0.011 | -1.70 |
兼业化行为Part-time behavior | -0.039 | 0.047 | -0.85 |
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