Effect of temperature changes on nitrogen mineralization in soils with different degradation gradients in Gahai Wetland

doi:10.11686/cyxb2020347

Abstract

Abstract:

Nitrogen （N） mineralization is a major component in the process of soil N cycling. To further understand soil N cycling in the context of global warming， it is important to explore the effect of temperature variation on soil net nitrogen mineralization rate in alpine Wetland soils with different degradation status. In this research， Gahai Wetland was selected as a model system for study， and a methodology involving indoor incubation of soil samples for 69 days and periodic rinsing was used to study the soil N mineralization characteristics in three soil layers （0-10 cm， 10-20 cm， 20-40 cm） of a four-step soil degradation gradient （non-degraded， mildly-degraded， moderately-degraded and severely-degraded） under the condition of different temperature cultivation. The results indicate that： 1） For the same degeneration level， with increasing temperature， soil net nitrogen mineralization rate and nitrification rate rose， however， ammoniation rate initially increased and then reduced. By fitting the results with a first-order kinetic equation， we found that the maximum value of soil nitrogen mineralization occurred at a culture temperature of 35 ℃. Under the same temperature level， soil nitrogen mineralization potential （N₀） showed significant differences depending on the extent of soil degradation， reflecting the potential for soil nitrogen mineralization. 2） Soil nitrogen mineralization and nitrification rates for a particular temperature， soil degradation status， and soil layer decreased with increasing duration of soil culture. Initially rates were high， and over time they slowed. 3） There was a significant difference in soil nitrogen mineralization along the degradation gradients， we ranked the net nitrogen mineralization over the 69 days of incubation for soils with different degradation status and temperature， results were： mineralization at 15 ℃<25 ℃<35 ℃. Our results indicate that temperature has a substantial influence on the process of soil nitrogen mineralization， and high temperature speeds up the process of soil nitrogen mineralization.

Key words: nitrogen mineralization, global warming, Gahai Wetland

Liang-cui SONG, Wei-wei MA, Guang LI, Shuai-nan LIU, Gang LU. Effect of temperature changes on nitrogen mineralization in soils with different degradation gradients in Gahai Wetland[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(9): 27-37.

Figures/Tables 6

References 39

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退化程度 Degree of degradation	植被盖度 Vegetation coverage	优势种组成 Dominant species composition	生物量 Biomass（g·m^-2）	基本情况 Basic situations
UD	85%以上Over 85%	甘肃嵩草K. tibetica、蕨麻P. anserina、散穗早熟禾P. subfastigiata	355.90	湿地植物是主要物种，其凋落物和根系较多，季节性水较浅，地下水位在20~40 cm。Wetland plants are the main species with more litter and root systems， seasonal water is shallow， and the groundwater level is 20-40 cm.
LD	70%~85%	甘肃嵩草K. tibetica、棘豆O. falcata	293.02	湿地植物是主要的伴生物种。裸露的土壤表面积为5%至10%，无积水。地下水位为40~70 cm。Wetland plants are the main companion species. The surface area of bare soil is 5% to 10%， and there is no accumulation of water. The groundwater level is 40-70 cm.
MD	30%~70%	问荆E. arvense、矮生嵩草Kobresia humilis	185.73	湿地植物是常见的伴生物种或偶发物种，并且会出现一些有毒的杂草。裸露的土壤表面积为10%至30%，无积水。地下水位低于70 cm。Wetland plants are common companion species or occasional species， and some poisonous weeds will appear. The surface area of bare soil is 10% to 30%， and there is no accumulation of water. The groundwater level is below 70 cm.
HD	<10%			植被稀疏，只有零星的植被。暴露的表面积超过90%。The vegetation is sparse， with only sporadic vegetation. More than 90% of exposed surface area.

退化程度 Degree of degradation	植被盖度 Vegetation coverage	优势种组成 Dominant species composition	生物量 Biomass（g·m^-2）	基本情况 Basic situations
UD	85%以上Over 85%	甘肃嵩草K. tibetica、蕨麻P. anserina、散穗早熟禾P. subfastigiata	355.90	湿地植物是主要物种，其凋落物和根系较多，季节性水较浅，地下水位在20~40 cm。Wetland plants are the main species with more litter and root systems， seasonal water is shallow， and the groundwater level is 20-40 cm.
LD	70%~85%	甘肃嵩草K. tibetica、棘豆O. falcata	293.02	湿地植物是主要的伴生物种。裸露的土壤表面积为5%至10%，无积水。地下水位为40~70 cm。Wetland plants are the main companion species. The surface area of bare soil is 5% to 10%， and there is no accumulation of water. The groundwater level is 40-70 cm.
MD	30%~70%	问荆E. arvense、矮生嵩草Kobresia humilis	185.73	湿地植物是常见的伴生物种或偶发物种，并且会出现一些有毒的杂草。裸露的土壤表面积为10%至30%，无积水。地下水位低于70 cm。Wetland plants are common companion species or occasional species， and some poisonous weeds will appear. The surface area of bare soil is 10% to 30%， and there is no accumulation of water. The groundwater level is below 70 cm.
HD	<10%			植被稀疏，只有零星的植被。暴露的表面积超过90%。The vegetation is sparse， with only sporadic vegetation. More than 90% of exposed surface area.

温度 Temperature （℃）	退化梯度 Degradation gradient	N₀ （mg·kg^-1）	K （d^-1）	模拟系数 Simulation coefficient （R²）
15	UD	3.986Ab	0.036	0.850
	LD	4.154Ab	0.035	0.855
	MD	3.661Ab	0.037	0.843
	HD	3.138Bb	0.039	0.837
25	UD	4.207Ab	0.036	0.870
	LD	3.888ABb	0.036	0.861
	MD	3.664Bb	0.037	0.845
	HD	3.149Cb	0.039	0.842
35	UD	7.898Aa	0.028	0.860
	LD	7.304Ba	0.028	0.858
	MD	5.331Ca	0.032	0.857
	HD	5.043Ca	0.032	0.852

温度 Temperature （℃）	退化梯度 Degradation gradient	N₀ （mg·kg^-1）	K （d^-1）	模拟系数 Simulation coefficient （R²）
15	UD	3.986Ab	0.036	0.850
	LD	4.154Ab	0.035	0.855
	MD	3.661Ab	0.037	0.843
	HD	3.138Bb	0.039	0.837
25	UD	4.207Ab	0.036	0.870
	LD	3.888ABb	0.036	0.861
	MD	3.664Bb	0.037	0.845
	HD	3.149Cb	0.039	0.842
35	UD	7.898Aa	0.028	0.860
	LD	7.304Ba	0.028	0.858
	MD	5.331Ca	0.032	0.857
	HD	5.043Ca	0.032	0.852

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