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Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 121-132.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020529

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An investigation of the main environmental factors affecting the natural drying of alfalfa for hay, and hay quality

Li-ying LIU1(), Yu-shan JIA2, Wen-qiang FAN2, Qiang YIN3, Qi-ming CHENG4, Zhi-jun WANG2()   

  1. 1.Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Science,Hohhot 010010,China
    2.College of Grassland,Resources and Environment,Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation,Processing and High Efficient Utilization of the Ministry of Agriculture,Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of Education of China,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,China
    3.Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China
    4.College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China
  • Received:2020-12-01 Revised:2021-01-11 Online:2022-02-20 Published:2021-12-22
  • Contact: Zhi-jun WANG

Abstract:

This article aims to provide a thorough analysis of the key conditions required for production of high-quality alfalfa hay, and to provide theoretical and technical guidelines for the production of good quality alfalfa hay in northern China. We evaluated the optimal environmental conditions for natural drying of alfalfa hay by measuring the drying rate, chlorophyll content and the main nutrient components: crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), relative feeding value (RFV) and other indicators. Data were collected for different stubble heights and flowering stages and from the correlation between various hay characteristics and environmental variables, the main environmental factors that affect the natural drying of alfalfa were clarified. The results showed that: 1) During the natural drying of alfalfa, the main environmental factors that affected the drying rate of alfalfa were solar radiation intensity, temperature, air humidity and wind speed. The main factors that affected alfalfa chlorophyll content were solar radiation intensity, temperature and wind speed. The main factors that affected CP, NDF, ADF and RFV of alfalfa hay were temperature, air humidity and wind speed. Among these, temperature and wind speed had significant effects on CP, and air humidity had significant effects on NDF, ADF and RFV. Overall, temperature, air humidity, solar radiation intensity and wind speed were the main environmental factors affecting the drying rate of alfalfa hay. 2) Through a multivariate analysis of the drying rate, chlorophyll content and nutritive value data for alfalfa hay in each harvest period, the optimal ranges of environmental conditions for natural drying of alfalfa hay in northern China, or other areas with similar climate conditions, are: daily average temperature, 26.29-27.95 °C; daily average air humidity, 34.74%-36.71%; daily average solar radiation intensity, 268.36-422.33 W·m-2 and daily average wind speed, 1.59-1.82 km·h-1.

Key words: alfalfa hay natural drying, environmental factors, drying rate, chlorophyll, nutritional quality