Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 203-214.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024074
Yong-xia MA1(), Cheng-cheng DAI1(), Jian-ping WU2, Kang-lin ZHANG2, Hai-tao SHI1, Yan-ling HUANG1()
Received:
2024-03-06
Revised:
2024-05-08
Online:
2025-01-20
Published:
2024-11-04
Contact:
Yan-ling HUANG
About author:
First author contact:These authors contributed equally to this work.
Yong-xia MA, Cheng-cheng DAI, Jian-ping WU, Kang-lin ZHANG, Hai-tao SHI, Yan-ling HUANG. Effects of different Lactobacillus combinations on fermentation quality and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics of rape straw[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(1): 203-214.
项目Items | 含量Content |
---|---|
干物质Dry matter (DM) | 94.80 |
粗灰分Crude ash (ash) | 6.57 |
粗脂肪Ether extract (EE) | 2.01 |
粗蛋白质Crude protein (CP) | 3.91 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) | 74.70 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF) | 54.80 |
酸性洗涤木质素Acid detergent lignin (ADL) | 11.20 |
Table 1 Nutritional composition of rape straw (air-dry basis, %)
项目Items | 含量Content |
---|---|
干物质Dry matter (DM) | 94.80 |
粗灰分Crude ash (ash) | 6.57 |
粗脂肪Ether extract (EE) | 2.01 |
粗蛋白质Crude protein (CP) | 3.91 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) | 74.70 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF) | 54.80 |
酸性洗涤木质素Acid detergent lignin (ADL) | 11.20 |
原料Raw material | 处理组Treatment | 菌制剂Bacterial preparation | 添加量Additive amount |
---|---|---|---|
油菜秸秆 Rape straw | CON | 无添加No additives | 0 |
LP | 植物乳杆菌L. plantarum | 1 | |
LB | 布氏乳杆菌L. brucei | 1 | |
LPB | 植物乳杆菌+布氏乳杆菌L. plantarum+L. brucei | 1+1 |
Table 2 The design of experiment (g·kg-1)
原料Raw material | 处理组Treatment | 菌制剂Bacterial preparation | 添加量Additive amount |
---|---|---|---|
油菜秸秆 Rape straw | CON | 无添加No additives | 0 |
LP | 植物乳杆菌L. plantarum | 1 | |
LB | 布氏乳杆菌L. brucei | 1 | |
LPB | 植物乳杆菌+布氏乳杆菌L. plantarum+L. brucei | 1+1 |
项目Items | 计算公式Formula |
---|---|
总碳水化合物Carbohydrate (CHO,%DM) | |
不可利用纤维Unavailable fiber (CC,%CHO) | |
可利用纤维Available fiber (CB2,%CHO) | |
非结构性碳水化合物Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC,%CHO) | |
非蛋白氮Non-protein nitrogen (PA1,%CP) | |
快速降解蛋白质Rapidly degraded protein (PB1,%CP) | |
中速降解蛋白质Moderately degraded protein (PB2,%CP) | |
可溶性真蛋白质Soluble true protein (PA2,%CP) | |
不可降解蛋白质Unavailable protein (PC, %CP) |
Table 3 Calculation formula of Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system component
项目Items | 计算公式Formula |
---|---|
总碳水化合物Carbohydrate (CHO,%DM) | |
不可利用纤维Unavailable fiber (CC,%CHO) | |
可利用纤维Available fiber (CB2,%CHO) | |
非结构性碳水化合物Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC,%CHO) | |
非蛋白氮Non-protein nitrogen (PA1,%CP) | |
快速降解蛋白质Rapidly degraded protein (PB1,%CP) | |
中速降解蛋白质Moderately degraded protein (PB2,%CP) | |
可溶性真蛋白质Soluble true protein (PA2,%CP) | |
不可降解蛋白质Unavailable protein (PC, %CP) |
项目 Items | 处理Treatment | 标准误 Standard error | P 值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | LP | LB | LPB | |||
pH | 5.56a | 4.76c | 4.73c | 5.09b | 0.11 | 0.001 |
乳酸Lactic acid (mmol·L-1) | 4.13c | 4.61c | 5.02b | 5.56a | 0.07 | 0.001 |
乙酸Acetic acid (mmol·L-1) | 3.93 | 3.86 | 4.11 | 4.51 | 0.35 | 0.564 |
氨态氮NH3-N (mmol·L-1) | 3.78 | 3.77 | 3.10 | 2.95 | 0.15 | 0.176 |
Table 4 Effects of different bacterial preparations on the fermentation quality of rape straw (n=5)
项目 Items | 处理Treatment | 标准误 Standard error | P 值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | LP | LB | LPB | |||
pH | 5.56a | 4.76c | 4.73c | 5.09b | 0.11 | 0.001 |
乳酸Lactic acid (mmol·L-1) | 4.13c | 4.61c | 5.02b | 5.56a | 0.07 | 0.001 |
乙酸Acetic acid (mmol·L-1) | 3.93 | 3.86 | 4.11 | 4.51 | 0.35 | 0.564 |
氨态氮NH3-N (mmol·L-1) | 3.78 | 3.77 | 3.10 | 2.95 | 0.15 | 0.176 |
项目 Items | 处理Treatment | 标准误 Standard error | P 值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | LP | LB | LPB | |||
有机物Organic matter (OM) | 86.8 | 87.0 | 87.0 | 86.1 | 0.53 | 0.642 |
粗灰分Crude ash (Ash) | 9.69a | 8.13c | 7.47d | 8.47b | 0.37 | 0.004 |
粗脂肪Ether extract (EE) | 1.84c | 2.77a | 2.53ab | 2.11bc | 0.20 | 0.023 |
粗蛋白质Crude protein (CP) | 4.73 | 4.42 | 4.70 | 4.82 | 0.14 | 0.256 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) | 72.5a | 67.7b | 65.8c | 63.2d | 0.20 | 0.001 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF) | 52.9a | 49.0b | 46.9c | 42.6d | 0.31 | 0.003 |
可溶性碳水化合物Soluble carbohydrates (WSC) | 1.44b | 1.48b | 1.60a | 1.67a | 0.04 | 0.021 |
半纤维素Hemicelluloses (HE) | 19.6b | 18.7c | 18.9bc | 20.6a | 0.22 | 0.001 |
纤维素Cellulose (CE) | 43.5a | 42.4b | 40.5c | 36.3d | 0.29 | 0.004 |
Table 5 Effects of different bacterial preparations on the nutrient composition of rape straw (n=5, %)
项目 Items | 处理Treatment | 标准误 Standard error | P 值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | LP | LB | LPB | |||
有机物Organic matter (OM) | 86.8 | 87.0 | 87.0 | 86.1 | 0.53 | 0.642 |
粗灰分Crude ash (Ash) | 9.69a | 8.13c | 7.47d | 8.47b | 0.37 | 0.004 |
粗脂肪Ether extract (EE) | 1.84c | 2.77a | 2.53ab | 2.11bc | 0.20 | 0.023 |
粗蛋白质Crude protein (CP) | 4.73 | 4.42 | 4.70 | 4.82 | 0.14 | 0.256 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) | 72.5a | 67.7b | 65.8c | 63.2d | 0.20 | 0.001 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF) | 52.9a | 49.0b | 46.9c | 42.6d | 0.31 | 0.003 |
可溶性碳水化合物Soluble carbohydrates (WSC) | 1.44b | 1.48b | 1.60a | 1.67a | 0.04 | 0.021 |
半纤维素Hemicelluloses (HE) | 19.6b | 18.7c | 18.9bc | 20.6a | 0.22 | 0.001 |
纤维素Cellulose (CE) | 43.5a | 42.4b | 40.5c | 36.3d | 0.29 | 0.004 |
项目 Items | 处理Treatment | 标准误 Standard error | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | LP | LB | LPB | |||
淀粉Starch (%NSC) | 0.61 | 0.65 | 0.68 | 0.65 | 0.030 | 0.342 |
酸性洗涤木质素Acid detergent lignin (ADL,%NDF) | 9.43ab | 9.87a | 9.57a | 8.94b | 0.190 | 0.025 |
非蛋白氮None-protein nitrogen (PA1,%CP) | 2.19 | 2.00 | 1.80 | 2.01 | 0.002 | 0.653 |
可溶性蛋白Soluble protein (SP,%CP) | 2.71a | 2.16ab | 1.96b | 1.88b | 0.001 | 0.041 |
中性洗涤不溶蛋白Neutral detergent insoluble protein (NDIP,%CP) | 1.99a | 1.52bc | 1.61ab | 1.19c | 0.001 | 0.001 |
酸性洗涤不溶蛋白Acid detergent insoluble protein (ADIP,%CP) | 1.32a | 0.86b | 0.97b | 0.84b | 0.050 | 0.001 |
Table 6 Effects of different bacterial preparations on the Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system components of rape straw (n=5)
项目 Items | 处理Treatment | 标准误 Standard error | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | LP | LB | LPB | |||
淀粉Starch (%NSC) | 0.61 | 0.65 | 0.68 | 0.65 | 0.030 | 0.342 |
酸性洗涤木质素Acid detergent lignin (ADL,%NDF) | 9.43ab | 9.87a | 9.57a | 8.94b | 0.190 | 0.025 |
非蛋白氮None-protein nitrogen (PA1,%CP) | 2.19 | 2.00 | 1.80 | 2.01 | 0.002 | 0.653 |
可溶性蛋白Soluble protein (SP,%CP) | 2.71a | 2.16ab | 1.96b | 1.88b | 0.001 | 0.041 |
中性洗涤不溶蛋白Neutral detergent insoluble protein (NDIP,%CP) | 1.99a | 1.52bc | 1.61ab | 1.19c | 0.001 | 0.001 |
酸性洗涤不溶蛋白Acid detergent insoluble protein (ADIP,%CP) | 1.32a | 0.86b | 0.97b | 0.84b | 0.050 | 0.001 |
项目 Items | 处理Treatment | 标准误 Standard error | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | LP | LB | LPB | |||
可利用纤维Available fiber (CB2,%CHO) | 2.24d | 11.9c | 14.0b | 16.2a | 0.68 | 0.013 |
可消化纤维Digestible fiber (CB3,%CHO) | 57.5a | 53.5b | 52.7b | 51.6c | 0.28 | 0.001 |
不可利用纤维Unavailable fiber (CC,%CHO) | 23.5a | 17.7b | 17.0b | 15.2c | 0.41 | 0.001 |
非结构性碳水化合物Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC,%CHO) | 11.0c | 12.7c | 14.8b | 17.0a | 0.67 | 0.001 |
总碳水化合物Carbohydrates (CHO,%DM) | 83.4 | 83.9 | 84.4 | 83.7 | 0.50 | 0.562 |
Table 7 Carbohydrate content calculated based on Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system components (n=5)
项目 Items | 处理Treatment | 标准误 Standard error | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | LP | LB | LPB | |||
可利用纤维Available fiber (CB2,%CHO) | 2.24d | 11.9c | 14.0b | 16.2a | 0.68 | 0.013 |
可消化纤维Digestible fiber (CB3,%CHO) | 57.5a | 53.5b | 52.7b | 51.6c | 0.28 | 0.001 |
不可利用纤维Unavailable fiber (CC,%CHO) | 23.5a | 17.7b | 17.0b | 15.2c | 0.41 | 0.001 |
非结构性碳水化合物Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC,%CHO) | 11.0c | 12.7c | 14.8b | 17.0a | 0.67 | 0.001 |
总碳水化合物Carbohydrates (CHO,%DM) | 83.4 | 83.9 | 84.4 | 83.7 | 0.50 | 0.562 |
项目 Items | 处理Treatment | 标准误 Standard error | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | LP | LB | LPB | |||
非蛋白氮Non-protein nitrogen (PA1) | 27.0b | 27.5b | 28.8b | 30.9a | 1.35 | 0.003 |
可溶性真蛋白Souble true protein (PA2) | 11.0b | 25.8a | 26.3a | 25.9a | 1.45 | 0.001 |
快速降解蛋白质Rapidly degraded protein (PB1) | 11.20 | 7.41 | 7.41 | 12.24 | 2.68 | 0.321 |
中速降解蛋白质Moderately degraded protein (PB2) | 15.5 | 11.2 | 13.6 | 14.9 | 2.46 | 0.614 |
不可降解蛋白质Unavailable protein (PC) | 26.4a | 19.5b | 20.7b | 17.9b | 1.14 | 0.004 |
Table 8 Protein component content calculated based on Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system components (n=5, %)
项目 Items | 处理Treatment | 标准误 Standard error | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | LP | LB | LPB | |||
非蛋白氮Non-protein nitrogen (PA1) | 27.0b | 27.5b | 28.8b | 30.9a | 1.35 | 0.003 |
可溶性真蛋白Souble true protein (PA2) | 11.0b | 25.8a | 26.3a | 25.9a | 1.45 | 0.001 |
快速降解蛋白质Rapidly degraded protein (PB1) | 11.20 | 7.41 | 7.41 | 12.24 | 2.68 | 0.321 |
中速降解蛋白质Moderately degraded protein (PB2) | 15.5 | 11.2 | 13.6 | 14.9 | 2.46 | 0.614 |
不可降解蛋白质Unavailable protein (PC) | 26.4a | 19.5b | 20.7b | 17.9b | 1.14 | 0.004 |
项目 Items | 处理Treatment | 标准误 Standard error | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | LP | LB | LPB | |||
产气量Gas production (mL) | ||||||
8 h | 7.4 | 7.5 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 0.61 | 0.852 |
16 h | 12.1 | 13.5 | 13.6 | 15.7 | 1.09 | 0.184 |
24 h | 41.8b | 59.4a | 48.7b | 62.4a | 3.49 | 0.002 |
36 h | 57.3c | 77.4ab | 70.9b | 85.8a | 3.99 | 0.001 |
48 h | 72.9c | 88.3ab | 85.9bc | 102.5a | 4.74 | 0.004 |
72 h | 86.5b | 99.1ab | 102.3ab | 115.1a | 5.54 | 0.024 |
干物质降解率和发酵指标Dry matter degradation rate and fermentation index | ||||||
pH | 6.48 | 6.46 | 6.47 | 6.55 | 0.02 | 0.072 |
干物质降解率Dry matter degradation rate (DMD, %) | 37.9c | 41.5ab | 40.5b | 42.7a | 0.01 | 0.001 |
氨态氮NH3-N (mmol·L-1) | 16.2a | 14.0b | 12.0c | 13.1bc | 0.62 | 0.001 |
微生物蛋白Microprotein (MCP,mmol·L-1) | 4.45 | 5.14 | 4.89 | 4.69 | 0.17 | 0.063 |
乙酸Acetate (mmol·L-1) | 36.1c | 50.2ab | 42.6bc | 56.5a | 3.33 | 0.002 |
丙酸Propionate (mmol·L-1) | 21.4c | 28.1ab | 25.2bc | 33.1a | 1.66 | 0.011 |
丁酸Butyrate (mmol·L-1) | 2.56b | 3.72ab | 3.51b | 5.19a | 0.55 | 0.034 |
Table 9 Effects of different bacterial preparations on in vitro fermentation parameters of rape straw (n=5)
项目 Items | 处理Treatment | 标准误 Standard error | P值 P-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | LP | LB | LPB | |||
产气量Gas production (mL) | ||||||
8 h | 7.4 | 7.5 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 0.61 | 0.852 |
16 h | 12.1 | 13.5 | 13.6 | 15.7 | 1.09 | 0.184 |
24 h | 41.8b | 59.4a | 48.7b | 62.4a | 3.49 | 0.002 |
36 h | 57.3c | 77.4ab | 70.9b | 85.8a | 3.99 | 0.001 |
48 h | 72.9c | 88.3ab | 85.9bc | 102.5a | 4.74 | 0.004 |
72 h | 86.5b | 99.1ab | 102.3ab | 115.1a | 5.54 | 0.024 |
干物质降解率和发酵指标Dry matter degradation rate and fermentation index | ||||||
pH | 6.48 | 6.46 | 6.47 | 6.55 | 0.02 | 0.072 |
干物质降解率Dry matter degradation rate (DMD, %) | 37.9c | 41.5ab | 40.5b | 42.7a | 0.01 | 0.001 |
氨态氮NH3-N (mmol·L-1) | 16.2a | 14.0b | 12.0c | 13.1bc | 0.62 | 0.001 |
微生物蛋白Microprotein (MCP,mmol·L-1) | 4.45 | 5.14 | 4.89 | 4.69 | 0.17 | 0.063 |
乙酸Acetate (mmol·L-1) | 36.1c | 50.2ab | 42.6bc | 56.5a | 3.33 | 0.002 |
丙酸Propionate (mmol·L-1) | 21.4c | 28.1ab | 25.2bc | 33.1a | 1.66 | 0.011 |
丁酸Butyrate (mmol·L-1) | 2.56b | 3.72ab | 3.51b | 5.19a | 0.55 | 0.034 |
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