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Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 147-157.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025199

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Analysis of leaf color pattern composition and cell structure of Miscanthus sinensis ‘Zebrinus’

Yu-lan HAN1,2(), Yi-xin LI1,2, Yi-shan CHENG1,2, Ming CAI3, Lan MU1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Landscape and Horticulture,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China
    2.Yunnan International Joint Research and Development Center for Integrated Utilization of Ornamental Grass,Kunming 650224,China
    3.Yunnan Academy of Grassland and Animal Science,Kunming 650212,China
  • Received:2025-05-19 Revised:2025-07-04 Online:2026-04-20 Published:2026-02-07
  • Contact: Lan MU

Abstract:

Miscanthus sinensis ‘Zebrinus’ is a perennial grass of the genus Miscanthus in the Poaceae family. Its leaves feature irregular yellow transverse stripes, presenting unique ornamental value and playing an important role in ecological landscaping. To analyze the formation mechanism of its patterns, we conducted a systematic study of non-spotted leaves (WG), green parts of spotted leaves (GS), and yellow parts (YS), integrating chromaticity analysis, pigment content determination, and microscopic/ultrastructural observation methods. The results showed that YS had prominent differences in chromaticity indices. Its brightness value was 59.99, and the yellow-blue axis and chroma were 23.08 and 23.34, respectively, all of which were significantly higher than those of WG and GS (P<0.01); while the green saturation was significantly reduced (P<0.01), indirectly reflecting its yellow phenotypic characteristics. In terms of pigment content, the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll in YS were 0.91, 0.03 and 0.94 mg·g?1, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in GS and WG (P<0.01). In contrast, the carotenoid content (1.03 mg·g?1), the ratio of carotenoids to total chlorophyll (1.09), and the flavonoid content (2.48 mg·g?1) were all significantly increased in YS (P<0.01). At the anatomical structure level, compared with WG and GS, the leaf thickness of YS decreased by 19.17%, the mesophyll cells were significantly thinned, the volume of bulliform cells was obviously reduced, the cell arrangement showed a loose state, and the degree of lignification was significantly intensified (P<0.01). Ultrastructural observation further revealed that the chloroplast grana lamella structure in YS was disintegrated, starch granules were abnormally accumulated, and the number of plastoglobules was increased compared with GS. In conclusion, the formation of leaf spots in M. sinensis ‘Zebrinus’ is mainly due to the obstruction of chlorophyll synthesis caused by chloroplast structure damage, while the relative accumulation of carotenoids and the increase of flavonoid compounds jointly enhance the yellow phenotype.

Key words: Miscanthus sinensis ‘Zebrinus’, leaf color parameters, pigment content, microstructure, ultrastructural