Effects of N dressing ratio on carbon and nitrogen transport and on grain yield of Lolium multiflorum

Abstract

Abstract: The effects of the same total amount of nitrogen fertilizer, applied as different ratios of base, jointing and heading fertilizer, on stem and tiller dynamics, dry matter accumulation and yield of annual Lolium multiflorum was studied in a field trial. Grain yield was significantly influenced by the nitrogen application strategy. Increasing the ratio of base fertilizer increased stem and tiller numbers at the greening stage and promoted dry matter accumulation at the over-wintering and greening stages. Increasing the ratio of jointing fertilizer effectively increased stem and tiller numbers and dry matter accumulation at the jointing stage. Increasing the ratio of heading fertilizer increased the spike rate and grain yield. The effective spike rate, grains per spike, spike numbers and theoretical yield of applying heading fertilizer treatments (N6-N10) were higher than for treatments of non-heading fertilizer (N1-N5). Dry matter accumulation after anthesis was curvedly related with grain yield (r=0.961 7^**), while the nitrogen transfer amount of vegetative organs after anthesis was linearly related with grain yield (r=0.921 5^**). The appropriate ratio of heading fertilizer could increase dry matter and nitrogen accumulation after anthesis, and promote nitrogen transfer, which in turn, could increase the yield of annual L. multiflorum. Too high a ratio of heading fertilizer inhibited the transfer of organic matter, reduced nitrogen transfer amount and nitrogen transfer efficiency. In this study the most appropriate N ratio of base, jointing and heading fertilizer was 4∶5∶1 and this produced the highest grain yield.

CLC Number:

ZHOU Qin, ZHAO Chao-peng, CAO Chun-xin, JIANG Qiao-jun, JIANG Hai-dong. Effects of N dressing ratio on carbon and nitrogen transport and on grain yield of Lolium multiflorum[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2010, 19(4): 47-53.

References

[1] 季杨, 张新全, 马啸, 等. 多花黑麦草品种(系)间杂交及其杂种后代SRAP遗传分析[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(4): 260-265.
[2] 王栋. 牧草学各论[M]. 南京: 科学技术出版社,1989: 32-33.
[3] 杨志刚, 沈益新. 黑麦草生产在农业产业结构调整中的作用及亟待解决的问题[J]. 畜牧与兽医, 2002, 34(3): 41-43.
[4] 李志坚, 祝廷成, 秦明. 不同施肥水平与组合对饲用黑麦经济效益的影响及施肥决策[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(3): 148-153.
[5] 李小坤, 鲁剑巍, 陈防. 牧草施肥研究进展[J]. 草业学报, 2008, 17(2): 136-142.
[6] 顾洪如, 李元姬, 沈益新, 等. 追施不同氮量对多花黑麦草干物质产量和可消化干物质产量的影响[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2004, 20(4): 254-258.
[7] 李文庆, 徐保民, 冯永军, 等. 氮肥对黑麦草生长及其内部组分的影响[J]. 中国草地, 2003, 25(1): 27-28.
[8] Wang G H, Dobermann A, Witt C, et al. Performance of site specific nutrient management for irrigated rice in Southeast China[J]. Agronomy Journal, 2001, 93(4): 869-878.
[9] Cassman K G, Peng S, Oik D C, et al. Opportunities for increased nitrogen-use efficiency from improved resource management in irrigated rice systems[J]. Field Crop Science, 1998, 56: 7-39.
[10] 彭少兵, 黄见良, 钟旭华, 等. 提高中国稻田氮肥利用率的研究策略[J]. 中国农业科学, 2002, 35(9): 1095-1103.
[11] 黄勤楼, 钟珍梅, 黄秀声, 等. 施氮对禾本科牧草硝酸盐积累和氮素回收率的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2008, 17(3): 47-52.
[12] 李合生. 植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2000.
[13] 戴廷波, 孙传范, 荆奇, 等. 不同施氮水平和基追比对小麦籽粒品质形成的调控[J]. 作物学报, 2005, 31(2): 248-253.
[14] 张新跃,李元华,苟文龙,等. 多花黑麦草研究进展[J]. 草业科学, 2009, 26(1): 55-60.
[15] 何光武. 春季施肥对多花黑麦草种子生产性能的影响[J]. 草业科学, 2005, 23(1): 62-63.
[16] 王月福, 于振文, 李尚霞, 等. 施氮量对小麦籽粒蛋白质组分含量及加工品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2002, 35(9): 1071-1078.
[17] 刘杏兰, 高宗, 刘存寿, 等. 有机无机肥配施的增产效应及对土壤肥力的影响的定位研究[J]. 土壤学报, 1996, 33(2): 138-147.
[18] 马兴华, 于振文, 梁晓芳,等. 施氮量和底追比例对小麦氮素吸收利用及子粒产量和蛋白质含量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2006, 12(2): 150-155.
[19] Elvira G L, Rafael J L B, Luis L B. Effect of N rate, timing and splitting and N type on bread making quality in hard red spring wheat under rainfed Mediterranean conditions[J]. Field Crops Research, 2004, 85: 213-236.