Studies on morphology of seed coat development and its related enzyme activity assay in Cucurbita pepo

Abstract

Abstract: The morphological structure of seed-coat development of two isogenic lines of Cucurbita pepo(normal, 04LAg-26-2 and hull-less, 04LAg-26-28) were comparatively studied through overall staining and paraffin section method. The results showed that the normal seed were composed of five tissue layers: The epidermis, hypodermis, sclerenchyma, parenchyma and chlorenchyma. The formation of hull-less seed was the cells of hypodermis tissues deformed, collapsed and lack of lignin accumulation among the development of seed-coat forming,so that the epidermis, parenchyma and chlorenchyma in the seed-coat were imperfect. The activity of ligin synthesis enzyme in different tissues including testa, leaf, petiole and capsule was tested, the results were as follows: The activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase (C₄H), 4-coumarate CoA ligase (4CL), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) and peroxidase (POD) in testa of 04LAg-26-28 reduced on 18 days after pollination, but the activity of all enzymes in leaf, petiole and capsule tissues increased significantly.

CLC Number:

XUE Ying-yu,SHI Gui-ying,XU Bing-liang, CHEN Rong-xian. Studies on morphology of seed coat development and its related enzyme activity assay in Cucurbita pepo[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(2): 23-30.

References

[1] 杨鹏鸣, 蔡祖国, 周俊国, 等. 16个南瓜自交系遗传特征的初步研究[J]. 河南农业科学, 2008, (2): 75-77.
[2] 刘玉梅, 高智明, 王健, 等. 裸仁南瓜籽及南瓜籽油的营养成分研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2010, 31(6): 313-316.
[3] 肖文一. 饲料南瓜一地多种高产栽培技术试验报告[J]. 哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版), 1980, (3): 34-35.
[4] 智海英, 马海龙, 韩红艳, 等. 美洲南瓜远缘杂交亲和性研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2006, 22(9): 307-310.
[5] 徐东辉, 崔崇十, 张耀伟. 南瓜优势育种及遗传规律的研究进展[J]. 东北农业大学学报, 2004, 35(5): 612-615.
[6] 沈立军, 张仲保. 无种壳西葫芦及其栽培技术[J]. 中国蔬菜, 1988, (2): 7-9.
[7] 陈荣贤, 吕生全. 天然无壳瓜籽的化学组成及其分析[J]. 甘肃农业科技, 1988, (3): 32-33.
[8] 屈长荣. 裸仁南瓜杂交制种中应注意的几个技术问题[J]. 种子, 2003, (6): 99-101.
[9] Amine Z, Martin P, Tamas L. On the genetics and histology of the hull-less character of styrian oil-Pumpkin(Cucurbita pepo L.)[J]. Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative Report, 2003, 26: 57-61.
[10] 周祥麟. 裸仁南瓜的育成及其遗传规律的探讨[J]. 山西农业科学, 1983, (12): 21-22.
[11] 周祥麟. 裸仁南瓜的育成及其遗传性研究[J]. 园艺学报, 1987, 14(2): 115-118.
[12] 方中达. 植病研究法[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1998.
[13] 郑国锠. 生物显微技术[M]. 北京: 人民教育出版社, 1979.
[14] 李亚男, 罗丽娟. 不同居群狗牙根的叶片解剖结构比较研究[J]. 草业学报,2010,19(4): 149-158.
[15] Ju Z G, Liu C L, Yuan Y B. Regulation of phenolics synthesis and its effects on fruit quality of Laiyang Chili (pear)[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 1993, 26: 44-48.
[16] Koukol J, Conn E E. The metabolism of aromatic and properties of the phenylalanine deaminase of Hordeum vulgar[J]. Journal Biological Chemistry, 1961, 236(10): 2692-2698.
[17] Lamb C J, Rubery P H A. Spectrophotometric assay for traps-cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase activity[J]. Analytical Biochemistry, 1975, 68: 554-561.
[18] Knoblock K H, Hahlbrock K. Isoenzymes of p-coumarate:CoA ligase from cell suspension cultures of Glycine max[J]. European Journal of Biochemistry, 1975, 52(2): 311-320.
[19] Goffner D, Joffroy I, Grma P J, et al. Purification and characterization of isoforms of cinnamylalcohol denydrogenase from Eucalyptus xylem[J]. Planta, 1992, 188(1): 48-53.
[20] 张龙翔. 生化实验方法和技术[M]. 北京: 人民教育出版社, 1981.
[21] 丁云花. 南瓜的食疗保健价值及开发前景[J]. 中国食物与营养, 1998, (6): 49-50.
[22] 杨巧绒. 南瓜保健食品开发利用[J]. 江苏理工大学学报, 1998, 19(4): 33-37.
[23] 屈长荣. 裸仁南瓜籽一代杂交制种技术[J]. 农业科技通讯, 2004, (8): 12.
[24] 李正理, 张新英. 植物解剖学[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社, 1983.
[25] 孟秋峰, 王毓洪, 周焕兴, 等. 园艺植物保守器官分类研究进展[J]. 长江蔬菜, 2008, (10): 1-3.
[26] 王英, 岳慧琴, 杨瑞华, 等. 国槐种皮的发育和结构[J]. 河南科学, 1996, 14: 17-20.
[27] Loy J B. Seed development in Cucurbita pepo: An overview with emphasis on hull-less seeded genotypes of pumpkin[J]. Cucurbita Genetics Coop Report, 2000, 23: 89-95.
[28] Loy J B. Morpho-physiological aspects of productivity and quality in squash and pumpkins (Cucurbita spp.)[J]. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 2004, 23: 337-363.
[29] 颜景琼, 张孝琪, 龙程. 高等植物细胞壁的结构和功能的分子生物学基础[A]. 见: 余叔文, 汤章城. 植物生理与分子生物学(2版)[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1998: 366-389.
[30] Ross W, Ron S V. Lignin biosynthesis[J]. The Plant Cell, 1995, (7): 1001-1013.
[31] 李潞滨, 刘蕾, 何聪芬, 等. 木质素生物合成关键酶基因的研究进展[J]. 分子植物育种, 2007, 5(6): 45-51.
[32] Sewalt V J H, Ni W, Blount J W, et al. Reduced lignin content and alterd lignin composition in transgenetic tobacoo down-regulated in expression of phenylalanine ammonialyase or cinnamate 4-hydroxylase[J]. Plant Physilogy, 1997, 115(1): 41-50.
[33] Baten J, Orr J, Ni W, et al. Quantitative relationship between phenylalanine ammonialyase levels and phenylpropanoid accumulation in transgenic tobacco identifies a rate-determining step in natural product synthesis[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1994, 91: 7608-7612.
[34] 王隆华, 姜宁, 黄祥辉, 等. 丝瓜果实发育过程中4CL连接酶的特性研究[J]. 华东师范大学学报(自然科学版), 1997, (2): 83-89.
[35] 陈建荣, 郭清泉, 张学文, 等. 木质素生物合成调控基因工程研究进展[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2005, 21(7): 24-27.
[36] HalPin C, Knight M E, Foxon G A, et al. Manipulation of lignin quality by down-regulation of cinnamoyl alcobol dehydrogenase[J]. Plant Journal, 1994, 6(3): 339-350.
[37] 刘江, 陈兴福, 杨文钰, 等. 四川盆地麦冬种质资源的过氧化物同工酶分析[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(6): 259-263.
[38] 陈晓亚. 植物次生代谢及调控[A]. 见: 余叔文, 汤章城. 植物生理与分子生物学(2版)[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1998: 390-401.