Effects of fresh alfalfa levels and alfalfa meal in the diet on the production performance of sows

Abstract

Abstract: To evaluate the effects of replacing concentrate with different levels of fresh alfalfa (Medicago sativa) or alfalfa meal on the production performance of sows a single-factor and randomized block design was used. Thirty Large White×Landrace sows, with similar mating date, birth order, superior fetal litter size, and body condition, were divided into six groups with five pigs per group, one pig for each duplicate. The pregnant swine of the control group was fed the basal diet (0% alfalfa), while those of test groupsⅠ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were replaced with 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% fresh alfalfa (by dry matter %), respectively, and that of test group Ⅴ was replaced with 20% alfalfa meal. 1) Compared with the control group, the digestibility of all test groups, including CP (crude protein), Ash (crude ash), NDF (neutral detergent fiber), ADF (acid detergent fiber), Ca and P were improved, and the digestibility of group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01); As the fresh alfalfa level was increased, the apparent digestibility of crude fat decreased but there was no significant difference between the alfalfa meal group and the control group. 2) As the fresh alfalfa level increased, the weight gain of breeding sows and the amount of backfat increased at first but then decreased, while the amount of backfat during pregnancy and backfat reduction during lactation decreased; Compared with the control group, the feed intakes of all test groups increased, and that of group Ⅲ was the biggest, and was significantly (P<0.01) greater than that of control group; Using fresh alfalfa and alfalfa meal, the interval of weaning to estrus was shortened, but there were no significant differences (P>0.05) between the groups. 3) Fresh alfalfa had a positive influence on the total newborn piglets, newborn live piglets, weaning piglets, weight of weaning litter and daily weight gain of weaning litters; The weights of weaning piglets of the fresh alfalfa groups (except group Ⅲ) were similar to the control group, but the alfalfa meal group of group Ⅴ was significantly higher (P<0.05) and the weight of weaning piglets and daily gain of group Ⅴ were significantly higher (P＜0.01) than those of the control and the other groups. In conclusion, replacing concentrate with 30% fresh alfalfa gave the best value of production performance and economic benefits in the pregnant swine diet.

CLC Number:

S816.32
S828

PENG Bao-an, GAO Yong-ge, WANG Cheng-zhang, WANG Yan-hua, ZHANG Xiao-xia, HAN Ming-peng. Effects of fresh alfalfa levels and alfalfa meal in the diet on the production performance of sows[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(4): 219-228.

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