Abstract: A randomized block design was utilized with five row gradients (30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 cm) to measure and analyze the characters of shoots, inflorescence and seed yield of Elymus sibiricus cv. Chuancao No.2. Row spacing had a highly significant affect on tillers, ratio of fertile tillers, fertile tillers per square metre, height of fertile tillers, and diameter of fertile tillers. This resulted in very significant differences among the length and diameter of ear stalks, cob lengths, spikelets and florets per fertile tiller. These results finally led to eventual differences among setting percent, presentation seed yield, and harvested seed yield. However, the total florets per square metre and the potential seed yield were stable at different row spacings. The partial correlation analysis further showed that plant height was the main factor affecting setting percent. The length of inflorescence stalk reflected the spikelets and seeds of fertile tillers and harvested seed yields. Thus we may predict setting percent and seed yield through plant height and length of inflorescence stalks. The 1 000-seed weight and other parameters were relatively stable. Comprehensive experimental data showed that sowing with a row space of 60 cm gave the greatest potential seed yield, presentation seed yield and harvested seed yield, and is therefore recommended to be widely using in practice.