A study on forage nutritional quality of Elymus nutans from different populations in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Abstract

Abstract: To study forage nutritional quality of Elymus nutans from different populations in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, production traits, crude protein (CP), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of 45 E. nutans populations were investigated. There were significant differences in yield, CP, WSC, NDF and ADF between populations, and the four parameters were reccorded with an almost normal distribution. Fresh grass yield was 2 062.59-18 597.73 kg/hm², dry grass yield was 529.42-4 682.60 kg/hm²,CP was 13.88%-23.92%, WSC was 1.59%-6.03%, NDF was 57.34%-64.97% and ADF was 35.06%-47.23%. Coefficients of variation of yields were all over 62% and that of WSC was 31.19%. There were significant negative correlations between CP and both NDF and ADF, significant positive correlations between NDF and ADF, and significant negative correlations between WSC and NDF, and between yields and ADF. Based on these correlations, five E. nutans populations with high CP and WSC but low NDF and ADF were selected for future work.

CLC Number:

ZHAO Yu-yu, HUANG De-jun, MAO Zhu-xin, NIE Bin, FU Hua. A study on forage nutritional quality of Elymus nutans from different populations in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2013, 22(1): 38-45.

References

[1] 苏加楷. 中国牧草新品种选育的回顾与展望[J]. 草原与草坪, 2001, (4): 4-9.
[2] 李艳琴, 徐敏云, 王振海,等. 牧草品质评价研究进展[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2008, 36(11): 4485-4486, 4546.
[3] Beever D E, Terry R A, Cammell S B, et al. The digestion of spring and autumn harvested perennial ryegrass by sheep[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science, 1978, 90: 463-470.
[4] Bailey R W. Pasture quality and ruminant nutrition. I. Carbohydrate composition of ryegrass varieties grown as sheep pastures[J]. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 1964, 7: 496-507.
[5] Hight G K, Sinclair D P, Lancaster R J. Some effects of shading and of nitrogen fertiliser on the chemical composition of freezedried and oven dried herbage, and on the nutritive value of ovendried herbage fed to sheep[J]. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 1968, 11: 286-302.
[6] Carruthers V R, Neil P G. Milk production and ruminal metabolites from cows offered two pasture diets supplemented with nonstructural carbohydrate[J]. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 1997, 40: 513-521.
[7] Van Soest P J. Nutrition Ecology of the Ruminant(2nd ed)[M]. Ithaca, NY: Cornell Universitiy Press, 1994.
[8] Kurihara M, Magner T, Hunter R A, et al. A SF6 tracer technique: Methane measurements from rumi-Methane production and energy partition of cattle in the tropics[J]. Washington State University, Pullman.British Journal Nutrition, 1999,81: 227-234.
[9] 孙维斌, 胡建红. 反刍动物瘤胃甲烷的产生及调控研究进展[J]. 黄牛杂志,1999, 6: 37-39.
[10] 于震, 张永根. 反刍动物瘤胃甲烷的产生及调控措施[J]. 黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2007, 9: 35-36.
[11] 周怿,刁其玉. 反刍动物瘤胃甲烷气体生成的调控[J]. 草食家畜, 2008, 4: 21-24.
[12] Fulkerson W J, Donaghy D J. Plant-soluble carbohydrate reserves and senescence -key criteria for developing an effective grazing management system for ryegrass-based pastures: a review[J]. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 2001, 41: 261-275.
[13] 裴彩霞. 牧草中的水溶性碳水化合物[J]. 四川草原, 2005, 6: 13-16.
[14] 陆光平, 聂斌. 垂穗披碱草利用价值评价[J]. 草业科学, 2002, 19(9): 34-36.
[15] 边巴卓玛, 呼天明, 吴红新. 依靠西藏野生牧草种质资源提高天然草场的植被恢复效率[J]. 草业科学, 2006, 23(2): 6-8.
[16] 马鸣. 4种禾本科牧草生产性能及营养价值研究[D]. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2008: 37-40.
[17] 陈默君, 贾慎修. 中国饲用植物[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2002: 48-51, 56.
[18] 张普金, 徐长林. 人工垂穗披碱草草地植物量动态研究[J]. 国外畜牧学: 草原与牧草, 1995, 3: 19-22.
[19] 乔安海, 韩建国, 巩爱岐, 等. 氮肥对垂穗披碱草种子产量和质量的影响[J].草业学报, 2006, 14(1): 48-51,56.
[20] 白史且. 川西北野生垂穗披碱草居群穗部形态多样性研究[C]. 中国草学会饲料生产委员会2007年暨第十四次学术研讨会论文集, 2007: 163-171.
[21] 刘蓉, 张卫国, 江小雷,等. 垂穗披碱草群落退化演替的植被特性及其与土壤性状的相关性研究[J]. 草业科学, 2010, 27(10): 96-103.
[22] 李淑娟, 周青平, 颜红波, 等. 4种披碱草属野生牧草在高寒地区农艺性状及生产性能评价[J]. 草原与草坪, 2007, 12(2): 34-36.
[23] 王启基,张松林.天然垂穗披碱草种群生长节律及生态适应性的研究[J].中国草地, 1990, 1: 18-25.
[24] 肖笃志.垂穗披碱草生物-生态学特性的研究[J].中国草地,1984, 4: 50-54.
[25] 谢国平, 呼天明, 王佺珍,等. 施N量和收获时间对西藏野生垂穗披碱草种子产量影响研究[J]. 草业学报,2010, 19(2): 89-96.
[26] 张众,彭启乾,吴渠来. 披碱草属牧草根系早期生长的观测[J].中国草地,1991, 1: 24-26.
[27] 盘朝邦,王元富.老芒麦、垂穗披碱草产量形成与水热季节变化的关系[J].草业科学, 1992, 9(6): 13-17.
[28] 苗彦军,呼天明,徐雅梅,等.西藏高原垂穗披碱草成苗模型分析[J]. 安徽农业科学,2007, 35(16): 4729-4730.
[29] 杜国祯, 王刚. 甘南亚高山草甸人工草地的演替和质量变化[J]. 植物学报, 1995, 37(4): 306-313.
[30] 白雪芳, 张宝琛, 甄润德, 等. 生化他感作用与高寒草甸人工草场自然退化现象的研究V. 细叶亚菊挥发油对垂穗披碱草种子萌发和幼苗酶活性的影响[A]. 高寒草甸生态系统(第3 集)[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1991: 63-67.
[31] 白雪芳, 张宝琛. 细叶亚菊挥发油主要化学成分对垂穗披碱草初期生长抑制机理的研究[J]. 生态学报, 1994, 14(2): 223-224.
[32] 甄润德, 张树源, 白雪芳, 等. 细叶亚菊挥发油中抑制垂穗披碱草的化合物的分离与鉴定[J]. 植物生理学报, 1996, 22(3): 311-314.
[33] 王海洋, 杜国祯, 任金吉. 种群密度与施肥对垂穗披碱草刈割后补偿作用的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2003, 27(4): 477-483.
[34] 杜国祯, 孙国钧, 王兮之, 等.垂穗披碱草个体大小依赖的繁殖分配与种群密度的关系[J].草业学报, 1999, 8(2): 26-33.
[35] 严学兵, 郭玉霞, 周禾, 等. 青藏高原垂穗披碱草遗传变异的地理因素分析[J]. 西北植物学报, 2007, 27(2): 328-333.
[36] 马啸, 周永红, 于海清, 等.野生垂穗披碱草种质的醇溶蛋白遗传多样性分析[J]. 遗传, 2006, 28(6): 699-706.
[37] 杨延彪. 夏河县鼠荒地治理与牧草栽培试验[J]. 家畜生态学报, 2007, 28(3): 62-63, 66.
[38] 严学兵, 汪玺, 郭玉霞, 等. 高寒牧区垂穗披碱草草地生物量及营养价值动态的研究[J]. 草业科学, 2003, 20(11): 14-18.
[39] 甘肃农业大学草原系. 草原生态化学实习实验指导[M]. 北京: 农业出版社, 1985: 48-66.
[40] 严学兵, 郭玉霞, 周禾, 等.披碱草属植物分类和遗传多样性的研究现状[J]. 草业科学, 2005, 22(7): 1-7.
[41] Hamrick J L, Godt M J. Allozyme diversity in plant species[A]. In: Brown A H D, Clegg M, Kahler A L. Plant Population Genetics, Breeding and Genetic Resources[M]. Sunderland. Mass: Sinauer, 1990: 43-63.
[42] 张建波. 川西北高原野生垂穗披碱草遗传多样性研究[D]. 雅安: 四川农业大学, 2007: 1-49.
[43] 陈智华, 苗佳敏, 钟金城, 等. 野生垂穗披碱草种质遗传多样性的SRAP研究[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(5): 192-200.
[44] 鄢家骏. 青藏高原老芒麦种质资源遗传多样性及优异种质筛选[D]. 雅安: 四川农业大学, 2009: 1-116.
[45] 鄢家俊, 白史且, 张新全, 等. 青藏高原老芒麦种质基于SRAP标记的遗传多样性研究[J]. 草业学报,2010, 19(1): 173-183.
[46] 鄢家俊, 白史且, 张新全, 等. 青藏高原东南缘老芒麦自然居群遗传多样性的SRAP和SSR分析[J]. 草业学报, 2010, 19(4): 122-134.
[47] Bediye S, Sileshi Z, Mengiste T. Tef(Eragrostistef)straw quality as influenced by varietal difference sand locations[A]. Proc. 4th Annual Conference of Ethiopian Society of Animal Production(ESAP)[C]. ESAP, Addis Ababa, 1996: 145-152.