Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (10): 15-27.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022469
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Hong-yu QIAN(), Yu-lin PU(), Shan-xin LANG, Yi-ran LI, Nan-ding ZHOU
Received:
2022-11-29
Revised:
2023-02-27
Online:
2023-10-20
Published:
2023-07-26
Contact:
Yu-lin PU
Hong-yu QIAN, Yu-lin PU, Shan-xin LANG, Yi-ran LI, Nan-ding ZHOU. Response of soil organic phosphorus mineralization to alpine meadow degradation and temperature[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(10): 15-27.
类型 Types | 植被盖度 Coverage (%) | 毒杂草比例 Weed (%) | 植物群落 Community | 优势植物 Dominant plants | 鼠洞Mouse hole (No.·100 m-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ND | >90 | 0~10 | 湿生为主 Hygrophytes | 西藏嵩草 Kobresia tibetica,华扁穗草 Blysmus sinocompressus, 泽地早熟禾 Poa palustris | 0 |
LD | 80~90 | 10~30 | 湿生和中生 Hygrophytes and mesophytes | 西藏嵩草 K. tibetica, 紫穗鹅观草 Roegneria purpurascens, 华扁穗草 B. sinocompressus | 5~20 |
MD | 60~80 | 30~50 | 中生为主 Mesophytes | 矮生二裂委陵菜 Potentilla bifurca var. humilior,黄帚橐吾 Ligularia sibirica,火绒草 Leontopodium leontopodioides | 20~50 |
HD | <60 | >50 | 旱生为主 Xerophytes | 蕨麻 Potentilla anserina,瑞香狼毒 Stellera chamaejasme, 车前草Plantago asiatica | >50 |
Table 1 Main habitat characteristics of meadows with different degradation degrees
类型 Types | 植被盖度 Coverage (%) | 毒杂草比例 Weed (%) | 植物群落 Community | 优势植物 Dominant plants | 鼠洞Mouse hole (No.·100 m-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ND | >90 | 0~10 | 湿生为主 Hygrophytes | 西藏嵩草 Kobresia tibetica,华扁穗草 Blysmus sinocompressus, 泽地早熟禾 Poa palustris | 0 |
LD | 80~90 | 10~30 | 湿生和中生 Hygrophytes and mesophytes | 西藏嵩草 K. tibetica, 紫穗鹅观草 Roegneria purpurascens, 华扁穗草 B. sinocompressus | 5~20 |
MD | 60~80 | 30~50 | 中生为主 Mesophytes | 矮生二裂委陵菜 Potentilla bifurca var. humilior,黄帚橐吾 Ligularia sibirica,火绒草 Leontopodium leontopodioides | 20~50 |
HD | <60 | >50 | 旱生为主 Xerophytes | 蕨麻 Potentilla anserina,瑞香狼毒 Stellera chamaejasme, 车前草Plantago asiatica | >50 |
指标 Indices | ND | LD | MD | HD |
---|---|---|---|---|
植被盖度Vegetation coverage (VC, %) | 95.67±2.35a | 84.00±1.35b | 75.67±2.92b | 55.00±2.33c |
地上生物量Aboveground biomass (AB, g·m-2) | 645.08±57.03a | 499.55±89.15b | 218.61±37.68b | 138.49±31.66c |
地下生物量Underground biomass (UB, g·m-2) | 2143.28±29.22a | 1170.30±464.67b | 1016.32±364.31b | 104.10±32.33c |
容重Bulk density (BD, g·cm-3) | 0.43±0.10b | 0.85±0.04a | 0.95±0.18a | 1.04±0.12a |
pH | 7.44±0.01a | 7.44±0.22a | 7.57±0.11a | 7.63±0.26a |
有机质Organic matter (OM, g·kg-1) | 344.52±30.17a | 235.81±32.51b | 216.65±40.90bc | 157.78±15.29c |
全氮Total nitrogen (TN, g·kg-1) | 14.00±2.24a | 6.12±0.64b | 5.30±0.05b | 5.74±1.06b |
全磷Total phosphorus (TP, g·kg-1) | 1.13±0.16a | 0.83±0.04b | 0.82±0.06b | 0.83±0.06b |
全钾Total potassium (TK, g·kg-1) | 14.84±0.98b | 17.52±1.12ab | 18.11±0.72a | 18.06±1.78a |
碱解氮Alkaline nitrogen (AN, mg·kg-1) | 952.02±208.09a | 435.56±42.24b | 396.27±35.97b | 357.98±47.58b |
有效磷Available phosphorus (AP, mg·kg-1) | 33.81±6.32a | 17.89±7.32b | 13.29±5.39b | 12.21±2.94b |
有效钾Available potassium (AK, mg·kg-1) | 125.75±22.06b | 228.36±197.44ab | 288.20±78.84a | 249.37±133.07ab |
Table 2 Main vegetation characteristics and soil physical and chemical properties of alpine meadows with differently degradation degrees
指标 Indices | ND | LD | MD | HD |
---|---|---|---|---|
植被盖度Vegetation coverage (VC, %) | 95.67±2.35a | 84.00±1.35b | 75.67±2.92b | 55.00±2.33c |
地上生物量Aboveground biomass (AB, g·m-2) | 645.08±57.03a | 499.55±89.15b | 218.61±37.68b | 138.49±31.66c |
地下生物量Underground biomass (UB, g·m-2) | 2143.28±29.22a | 1170.30±464.67b | 1016.32±364.31b | 104.10±32.33c |
容重Bulk density (BD, g·cm-3) | 0.43±0.10b | 0.85±0.04a | 0.95±0.18a | 1.04±0.12a |
pH | 7.44±0.01a | 7.44±0.22a | 7.57±0.11a | 7.63±0.26a |
有机质Organic matter (OM, g·kg-1) | 344.52±30.17a | 235.81±32.51b | 216.65±40.90bc | 157.78±15.29c |
全氮Total nitrogen (TN, g·kg-1) | 14.00±2.24a | 6.12±0.64b | 5.30±0.05b | 5.74±1.06b |
全磷Total phosphorus (TP, g·kg-1) | 1.13±0.16a | 0.83±0.04b | 0.82±0.06b | 0.83±0.06b |
全钾Total potassium (TK, g·kg-1) | 14.84±0.98b | 17.52±1.12ab | 18.11±0.72a | 18.06±1.78a |
碱解氮Alkaline nitrogen (AN, mg·kg-1) | 952.02±208.09a | 435.56±42.24b | 396.27±35.97b | 357.98±47.58b |
有效磷Available phosphorus (AP, mg·kg-1) | 33.81±6.32a | 17.89±7.32b | 13.29±5.39b | 12.21±2.94b |
有效钾Available potassium (AK, mg·kg-1) | 125.75±22.06b | 228.36±197.44ab | 288.20±78.84a | 249.37±133.07ab |
培养时间 Time (d) | ND | LD | MD | HD | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | P | F | P | F | P | F | P | |
0~1 | 4.998 | <0.05* | 1.197 | 0.365 | 0.710 | 0.529 | 20.945 | <0.05* |
1~3 | 5.084 | <0.05* | 0.036 | 0.965 | 0.273 | 0.770 | 35.139 | <0.001** |
3~7 | 24.846 | <0.05* | 34.178 | <0.05* | 7.214 | <0.05* | 22.583 | <0.05* |
7~14 | 11.976 | <0.05* | 23.350 | <0.05* | 3.708 | 0.089 | 3.602 | 0.094 |
14~30 | 0.375 | 0.703 | 7.008 | <0.05* | 2.218 | 0.190 | 24.322 | <0.05* |
30~60 | 1.537 | 0.289 | 3.612 | 0.093 | 2.774 | 0.140 | 11.414 | <0.05* |
60~90 | 6.942 | <0.05* | 8.421 | <0.05* | 0.787 | 0.497 | 2.462 | 0.166 |
90~120 | 6.455 | <0.05* | 1.903 | 0.229 | 0.995 | 0.424 | 1.065 | 0.402 |
0~120 | 20.696 | <0.05* | 406.369 | <0.001** | 10.881 | <0.05* | 35.229 | <0.001** |
Table 3 Results of variance analysis of net mineralization rate of organic phosphorus in the same meadow soil among temperatures
培养时间 Time (d) | ND | LD | MD | HD | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | P | F | P | F | P | F | P | |
0~1 | 4.998 | <0.05* | 1.197 | 0.365 | 0.710 | 0.529 | 20.945 | <0.05* |
1~3 | 5.084 | <0.05* | 0.036 | 0.965 | 0.273 | 0.770 | 35.139 | <0.001** |
3~7 | 24.846 | <0.05* | 34.178 | <0.05* | 7.214 | <0.05* | 22.583 | <0.05* |
7~14 | 11.976 | <0.05* | 23.350 | <0.05* | 3.708 | 0.089 | 3.602 | 0.094 |
14~30 | 0.375 | 0.703 | 7.008 | <0.05* | 2.218 | 0.190 | 24.322 | <0.05* |
30~60 | 1.537 | 0.289 | 3.612 | 0.093 | 2.774 | 0.140 | 11.414 | <0.05* |
60~90 | 6.942 | <0.05* | 8.421 | <0.05* | 0.787 | 0.497 | 2.462 | 0.166 |
90~120 | 6.455 | <0.05* | 1.903 | 0.229 | 0.995 | 0.424 | 1.065 | 0.402 |
0~120 | 20.696 | <0.05* | 406.369 | <0.001** | 10.881 | <0.05* | 35.229 | <0.001** |
培养时间 Time (d) | 5 ℃ | 10 ℃ | 15 ℃ | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | P | F | P | F | P | |
0~1 | 1.017 | 0.435 | 8.908 | 0.106 | 1.192 | 0.372 |
1~3 | 0.892 | 0.486 | 0.990 | 0.445 | 0.163 | 0.919 |
3~7 | 2.519 | 0.132 | 1.115 | 0.399 | 0.554 | 0.660 |
7~14 | 1.569 | 0.271 | 0.732 | 0.561 | 0.863 | 0.499 |
14~30 | 2.823 | 0.107 | 0.690 | 0.583 | 0.077 | 0.971 |
30~60 | 2.015 | 0.191 | 2.950 | 0.098 | 0.464 | 0.715 |
60~90 | 0.332 | 0.803 | 1.834 | 0.219 | 0.627 | 0.618 |
90~120 | 0.707 | 0.574 | 1.574 | 0.270 | 5.853 | <0.05* |
0~120 | 0.045 | 0.987 | 0.195 | 0.897 | 36.713 | <0.001** |
Table 4 Results of variance analysis of net mineralization rate of organic phosphorus in different meadow soils at the same temperature
培养时间 Time (d) | 5 ℃ | 10 ℃ | 15 ℃ | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | P | F | P | F | P | |
0~1 | 1.017 | 0.435 | 8.908 | 0.106 | 1.192 | 0.372 |
1~3 | 0.892 | 0.486 | 0.990 | 0.445 | 0.163 | 0.919 |
3~7 | 2.519 | 0.132 | 1.115 | 0.399 | 0.554 | 0.660 |
7~14 | 1.569 | 0.271 | 0.732 | 0.561 | 0.863 | 0.499 |
14~30 | 2.823 | 0.107 | 0.690 | 0.583 | 0.077 | 0.971 |
30~60 | 2.015 | 0.191 | 2.950 | 0.098 | 0.464 | 0.715 |
60~90 | 0.332 | 0.803 | 1.834 | 0.219 | 0.627 | 0.618 |
90~120 | 0.707 | 0.574 | 1.574 | 0.270 | 5.853 | <0.05* |
0~120 | 0.045 | 0.987 | 0.195 | 0.897 | 36.713 | <0.001** |
温度 Temperature (℃) | 类型 Types | 第一阶段:0~7 d First stage: 0-7 d | 第二阶段:7~120 d Second stage: 7-120 d | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A0 (mg·kg-1) | B0 (mg·kg-1·day-1/2) | P | A0 (mg·kg-1) | B0 (mg·kg-1·day-1/2) | P | ||
5 | ND | 0.04A | -27.18A | <0.05* | -84.74Ac | 5.45Ab | <0.001** |
LD | 1.06A | -23.98A | <0.05* | -78.81Ac | 5.18Aab | <0.001** | |
MD | 5.20A | -24.54A | <0.05* | -70.54Ac | 4.51Aa | <0.05* | |
HD | 4.62A | -31.21A | <0.05* | -76.03Ac | 4.21Aa | <0.05* | |
10 | ND | -5.85A | -16.27A | <0.05* | -56.70Ab | 6.38Aa | <0.001** |
LD | -5.77A | -10.51A | <0.05* | -50.00Ab | 5.43Aa | <0.05* | |
MD | -0.95A | -11.49A | <0.05* | -50.11Ab | 4.21ABab | <0.05* | |
HD | 0.97A | -16.45A | <0.05* | -52.79Ab | 4.43ABa | <0.001** | |
温度 Temperature (℃) | 类型 Types | 0~120 d | |||||
A0 (mg·kg-1) | B0 (mg·kg-1·day-1/2) | P | |||||
15 | ND | -20.14Ba | 7.35Aa | <0.001** | |||
LD | -18.53Aa | 6.28Aab | <0.001** | ||||
MD | -19.52ABa | 5.18Bb | <0.05* | ||||
HD | -17.10Aa | 4.38Bb | <0.05* |
Table 5 Simulation parameter of dynamic equation (CPM=A0+ B0t1/2) of soil organic phosphorus mineralization
温度 Temperature (℃) | 类型 Types | 第一阶段:0~7 d First stage: 0-7 d | 第二阶段:7~120 d Second stage: 7-120 d | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A0 (mg·kg-1) | B0 (mg·kg-1·day-1/2) | P | A0 (mg·kg-1) | B0 (mg·kg-1·day-1/2) | P | ||
5 | ND | 0.04A | -27.18A | <0.05* | -84.74Ac | 5.45Ab | <0.001** |
LD | 1.06A | -23.98A | <0.05* | -78.81Ac | 5.18Aab | <0.001** | |
MD | 5.20A | -24.54A | <0.05* | -70.54Ac | 4.51Aa | <0.05* | |
HD | 4.62A | -31.21A | <0.05* | -76.03Ac | 4.21Aa | <0.05* | |
10 | ND | -5.85A | -16.27A | <0.05* | -56.70Ab | 6.38Aa | <0.001** |
LD | -5.77A | -10.51A | <0.05* | -50.00Ab | 5.43Aa | <0.05* | |
MD | -0.95A | -11.49A | <0.05* | -50.11Ab | 4.21ABab | <0.05* | |
HD | 0.97A | -16.45A | <0.05* | -52.79Ab | 4.43ABa | <0.001** | |
温度 Temperature (℃) | 类型 Types | 0~120 d | |||||
A0 (mg·kg-1) | B0 (mg·kg-1·day-1/2) | P | |||||
15 | ND | -20.14Ba | 7.35Aa | <0.001** | |||
LD | -18.53Aa | 6.28Aab | <0.001** | ||||
MD | -19.52ABa | 5.18Bb | <0.05* | ||||
HD | -17.10Aa | 4.38Bb | <0.05* |
类型Types | 拟合方程Equation | R2 | P | y″ | C |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ND | R=0.0061T2-0.0382T-0.1486 | 0.8713 | 0.002 | 0.0122a | -0.1486a |
LD | R=0.0046T2-0.0140T-0.2360 | 0.9929 | <0.001 | 0.0092ab | -0.2360ab |
MD | R=0.0019T2+0.0185T-0.3545 | 0.7812 | 0.010 | 0.0038b | -0.3545b |
HD | R=0.0015T2+0.0254T-0.3859 | 0.9174 | 0.001 | 0.0030b | -0.3859b |
Table 6 Regression relationship between soil organic phosphorus mineralization rate and temperature
类型Types | 拟合方程Equation | R2 | P | y″ | C |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ND | R=0.0061T2-0.0382T-0.1486 | 0.8713 | 0.002 | 0.0122a | -0.1486a |
LD | R=0.0046T2-0.0140T-0.2360 | 0.9929 | <0.001 | 0.0092ab | -0.2360ab |
MD | R=0.0019T2+0.0185T-0.3545 | 0.7812 | 0.010 | 0.0038b | -0.3545b |
HD | R=0.0015T2+0.0254T-0.3859 | 0.9174 | 0.001 | 0.0030b | -0.3859b |
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