Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 164-174.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024241
Xin-zhu CHEN1(
), Ping-dong LIN1(
), Wen YUE1, Ya-ni YANG1,2, Shui-ling QIU1,2, Xiang-li ZHENG3
Received:2024-04-30
Revised:2024-07-29
Online:2025-04-20
Published:2025-02-19
Xin-zhu CHEN, Ping-dong LIN, Wen YUE, Ya-ni YANG, Shui-ling QIU, Xiang-li ZHENG. Effects of various additives on the quality and microbial diversity of broad bean straw silage[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(4): 164-174.
组别 Group | 色泽Color | 气味Smell | 结构Texture | 综合评价Comprehensive evaluation | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
描述 Description | 得分 Score | 描述 Description | 得分 Score | 描述 Description | 得分 Score | 总分 Total score | 等级 Grade | |
| CK | 黄绿色Yellow-green | 1 | 酸味稍刺鼻SHAS | 10 | 叶子结构保持较差PMLS | 2 | 13 | 2 |
| T1 | 黄绿色Yellow-green | 1 | 酸香味CAS | 14 | 茎叶结构保持良好GSLS | 4 | 19 | 1 |
| T2 | 绿色Green | 2 | 酸香味CAS | 14 | 茎叶结构保持良好GSLS | 4 | 20 | 1 |
| T3 | 绿色Green | 2 | 酸香味CAS | 14 | 茎叶结构保持良好GSLS | 4 | 20 | 1 |
| T4 | 绿色Green | 2 | 酸香味CAS | 14 | 茎叶结构保持良好GSLS | 4 | 20 | 1 |
| T5 | 绿色Green | 2 | 酸香味CAS | 14 | 茎叶结构保持良好GSLS | 4 | 20 | 1 |
| T6 | 黄绿色Yellow-green | 1 | 酸香味CAS | 14 | 茎叶结构保持良好GSLS | 4 | 19 | 1 |
| T7 | 绿色Green | 2 | 酸香味CAS | 14 | 叶子结构保持较差PMLS | 2 | 18 | 1 |
Table 1 Sensory quality evaluation of silage in various groups
组别 Group | 色泽Color | 气味Smell | 结构Texture | 综合评价Comprehensive evaluation | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
描述 Description | 得分 Score | 描述 Description | 得分 Score | 描述 Description | 得分 Score | 总分 Total score | 等级 Grade | |
| CK | 黄绿色Yellow-green | 1 | 酸味稍刺鼻SHAS | 10 | 叶子结构保持较差PMLS | 2 | 13 | 2 |
| T1 | 黄绿色Yellow-green | 1 | 酸香味CAS | 14 | 茎叶结构保持良好GSLS | 4 | 19 | 1 |
| T2 | 绿色Green | 2 | 酸香味CAS | 14 | 茎叶结构保持良好GSLS | 4 | 20 | 1 |
| T3 | 绿色Green | 2 | 酸香味CAS | 14 | 茎叶结构保持良好GSLS | 4 | 20 | 1 |
| T4 | 绿色Green | 2 | 酸香味CAS | 14 | 茎叶结构保持良好GSLS | 4 | 20 | 1 |
| T5 | 绿色Green | 2 | 酸香味CAS | 14 | 茎叶结构保持良好GSLS | 4 | 20 | 1 |
| T6 | 黄绿色Yellow-green | 1 | 酸香味CAS | 14 | 茎叶结构保持良好GSLS | 4 | 19 | 1 |
| T7 | 绿色Green | 2 | 酸香味CAS | 14 | 叶子结构保持较差PMLS | 2 | 18 | 1 |
组别 Group | 干物质 DM (%FM) | 粗蛋白 CP (%DM) | 中性洗涤纤维 NDF (%DM) | 酸性洗涤纤维 ADF (%DM) | 半纤维素 HC (%DM) | 可溶性碳水化合物 WSC (g·kg-1DM) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 29.85±0.79a | 9.70±0.15a | 36.23±1.48a | 12.83±0.81a | 23.40±0.85a | 6.49±0.28cd |
| T1 | 30.66±0.53a | 9.08±0.35abc | 34.42±0.84a | 12.44±0.33a | 21.98±0.68a | 6.46±0.19cd |
| T2 | 29.30±5.48a | 9.53±0.32ab | 35.64±0.94a | 12.67±0.20a | 22.97±0.96a | 7.13±0.38bc |
| T3 | 31.80±1.16a | 9.34±0.42abc | 34.55±1.09a | 9.74±2.99b | 24.82±4.07a | 7.99±0.46a |
| T4 | 30.71±0.35a | 9.55±0.18ab | 34.70±2.92a | 11.78±1.34ab | 22.92±1.70a | 7.26±0.69b |
| T5 | 27.90±0.59a | 9.03±0.45bc | 35.17±1.29a | 12.81±0.46a | 22.37±0.82a | 6.31±0.23d |
| T6 | 30.31±0.98a | 8.75±0.04c | 35.84±0.69a | 13.05±0.10a | 22.79±0.63a | 7.39±0.22ab |
| T7 | 29.50±0.55a | 8.81±0.47c | 36.60±0.69a | 13.17±0.24a | 23.42±0.54a | 6.26±0.42d |
Table 2 Nutrient composition of silage in various groups
组别 Group | 干物质 DM (%FM) | 粗蛋白 CP (%DM) | 中性洗涤纤维 NDF (%DM) | 酸性洗涤纤维 ADF (%DM) | 半纤维素 HC (%DM) | 可溶性碳水化合物 WSC (g·kg-1DM) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 29.85±0.79a | 9.70±0.15a | 36.23±1.48a | 12.83±0.81a | 23.40±0.85a | 6.49±0.28cd |
| T1 | 30.66±0.53a | 9.08±0.35abc | 34.42±0.84a | 12.44±0.33a | 21.98±0.68a | 6.46±0.19cd |
| T2 | 29.30±5.48a | 9.53±0.32ab | 35.64±0.94a | 12.67±0.20a | 22.97±0.96a | 7.13±0.38bc |
| T3 | 31.80±1.16a | 9.34±0.42abc | 34.55±1.09a | 9.74±2.99b | 24.82±4.07a | 7.99±0.46a |
| T4 | 30.71±0.35a | 9.55±0.18ab | 34.70±2.92a | 11.78±1.34ab | 22.92±1.70a | 7.26±0.69b |
| T5 | 27.90±0.59a | 9.03±0.45bc | 35.17±1.29a | 12.81±0.46a | 22.37±0.82a | 6.31±0.23d |
| T6 | 30.31±0.98a | 8.75±0.04c | 35.84±0.69a | 13.05±0.10a | 22.79±0.63a | 7.39±0.22ab |
| T7 | 29.50±0.55a | 8.81±0.47c | 36.60±0.69a | 13.17±0.24a | 23.42±0.54a | 6.26±0.42d |
| 组别Group | pH | 乳酸LA (g·kg-1DM) | 乙酸AA (g·kg-1DM) | 丙酸PA (%DM) | 丁酸BA (%DM) | 氨态氮NH3-N (g·kg-1DM) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 4.57±0.06a | 34.65±6.46d | 0.17±0.05e | 0.31±0.11a | 0.12±0.00b | 0.17±0.01a |
| T1 | 4.57±0.06a | 37.99±6.26cd | 0.41±0.09a | 0.31±0.08a | 0.16±0.06ab | 0.15±0.01a |
| T2 | 4.43±0.06bc | 52.15±0.54ab | 0.18±0.03de | 0.34±0.07a | 0.16±0.06ab | 0.15±0.03a |
| T3 | 4.37±0.06c | 55.71±5.89a | 0.25±0.03cd | 0.37±0.04a | 0.09±0.02b | 0.13±0.01ab |
| T4 | 4.40±0.00c | 45.46±5.86bc | 0.20±0.03cde | 0.32±0.05a | 0.09±0.01b | 0.08±0.03b |
| T5 | 4.50±0.00ab | 48.26±3.69ab | 0.34±0.02ab | 0.33±0.10a | 0.18±0.04ab | 0.15±0.03a |
| T6 | 4.53±0.06a | 49.61±0.62ab | 0.25±0.03cd | 0.41±0.01a | 0.18±0.04ab | 0.16±0.07a |
| T7 | 4.50±0.00ab | 47.04±0.94b | 0.27±0.01bc | 0.27±0.11a | 0.18±0.03a | 0.17±0.00a |
Table 3 Fermentation quality of silage in various groups
| 组别Group | pH | 乳酸LA (g·kg-1DM) | 乙酸AA (g·kg-1DM) | 丙酸PA (%DM) | 丁酸BA (%DM) | 氨态氮NH3-N (g·kg-1DM) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 4.57±0.06a | 34.65±6.46d | 0.17±0.05e | 0.31±0.11a | 0.12±0.00b | 0.17±0.01a |
| T1 | 4.57±0.06a | 37.99±6.26cd | 0.41±0.09a | 0.31±0.08a | 0.16±0.06ab | 0.15±0.01a |
| T2 | 4.43±0.06bc | 52.15±0.54ab | 0.18±0.03de | 0.34±0.07a | 0.16±0.06ab | 0.15±0.03a |
| T3 | 4.37±0.06c | 55.71±5.89a | 0.25±0.03cd | 0.37±0.04a | 0.09±0.02b | 0.13±0.01ab |
| T4 | 4.40±0.00c | 45.46±5.86bc | 0.20±0.03cde | 0.32±0.05a | 0.09±0.01b | 0.08±0.03b |
| T5 | 4.50±0.00ab | 48.26±3.69ab | 0.34±0.02ab | 0.33±0.10a | 0.18±0.04ab | 0.15±0.03a |
| T6 | 4.53±0.06a | 49.61±0.62ab | 0.25±0.03cd | 0.41±0.01a | 0.18±0.04ab | 0.16±0.07a |
| T7 | 4.50±0.00ab | 47.04±0.94b | 0.27±0.01bc | 0.27±0.11a | 0.18±0.03a | 0.17±0.00a |
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