Research on effects of soil erosion on vegetation development and succession of plant resistance to erosion

Abstract

Abstract: The relationship between vegetation and soil erosion deserves more attention due to its importance to science and practical applications. While most available information is on the mechanisms and benefits of vegetation for soil erosion control, the interference of soil erosion in plant development and vegetation succession is poorly documented as is the plant’s resistance to soil erosion. Soil fertility and soil water decline during the erosion process reduces seed activity and production and the seeds on the soil surface will be redistributed or lost during soil erosion. While the seeds of some species have special appendages which can help the seeds persist in the soil, seed germination and seedling establishment are the vulnerable stages in plant life. Seed germination and seedling survival are restricted when soil water and fertility are reduced during the erosion process. Simultaneously, the over land flow and sediment redistribution also affect seed germination and seedling survival thus redistribution of seeds, water and sediment will influence the distribution of seedlings and the vegetation. Plants are selected by the environments and develop with the environments, so only some species can grow in habitats stressed with serious soil erosion. Soil erosion works on the environment and different stages of the plant life. Thus the process of vegetation succession is also influenced by soil erosion. In conclusion, plant growth and development are influenced by soil erosion and may express many traits that resist soil erosion. Eroded habitats are colonized by specially adapted plants. We consider that effective soil erosion control strategies in a region can be developed, only if the level of interference of soil erosion in vegetation development and succession and the traits and capacities of different plant’s resistance to erosion are fully considered.

CLC Number:

JIAO Ju-ying, WANG Ning, DU Hua-dong, WANG Dong-li. Research on effects of soil erosion on vegetation development and succession of plant resistance to erosion[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2012, 21(5): 311-318.

References

[1] 王兆印, 王光谦, 李昌志, 等. 植被-侵蚀动力学的初步探索和应用[J]. 中国科学(D辑), 2003, 33(10): 1013-1023.
[2] Guerrero-Campo J, Montserrat-Martí G. Effects of soil erosion on the floristic composition of plant communities on marl in the northeast Spain[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2000, 11(3): 329-336.
[3] García-Fayos P, Garcia-Ventoso B, Cerdà A. Limitations to plant establishment on eroded slopes in southeastern Spain[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2000, 11(1): 77-86.
[4] Guerrero-Campo J, Montserrat-Martí G. Comparison of floristic changes on vegetation affected by different levels of soil erosion in Miocene clays and Eocene marls from Northeast Spain[J]. Plant Ecology, 2004, 173(1): 83-93.
[5] Bochet E, García-Fayos P, Poesen J. Topographic thresholds for plant colonization on semi-arid eroded slopes[J]. Earth Surface Process and Landforms, 2009, 34(13): 1758-1771.
[6] Jiao J Y, Zou H Y, Jia Y F, et al.Research progress on the effects of soil erosion on vegetation[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2009, 29(2): 85-91.
[7] Tilman D, Downing J A. Biodiversity and stability in grasslands[J]. Nature, 1994, 367(27): 363-365.
[8] Tsuyuzaki S, delMoral R. Species attributes in early primary succession on volcanoes[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science, 1995, 6(4): 517-522.
[9] Tíscar E, Mariano M H, José M N. Performance of vegetation in reclaimed slopes affected by soil erosion[J]. Restoration Ecology, 2011, 19(1): 35-44.
[10] Renison D, Hensen I, Cingolani A M. Anthropogenic soil degradation affects seed viability in Polylepis australis mountain forests of central Argentina[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2004, 196(2-3): 327-333.
[11] García-Fayos P, Cerdà A. Seed losses by surface wash in degraded Mediterranean environments[J]. Catena, 1997, 29(1): 73-83.
[12] 沈有信, 张彦东, 张萍, 等. 云南北部泥石流多发干旱河谷区不同干扰对土壤种子库的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2001, 25(5): 623-629.
[13] Tsuyuzaki S, Haruki M. Effects of microtopography and erosion on seedling colonisation and survival in the volcano Usu, Northern Japan, after the 1977-78 eruptions[J]. Land Degradation & Development, 2008, 19(3): 233-241.
[14] Cerdà A, García-Fayos P. The influence of seed size and shape on their removal by water erosion[J]. Catena, 2002, 48(4): 293-301.
[15] Guerrero-Campo J, Palacio S, Montserrat-Martí G. Plant traits enabling survival in Mediterranean badlands in northeastern Spain suffering from soil erosion[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2008, 19(4): 457-464.
[16] DeBaets S, Poesen J, Reubens B, et al. Methodological framework to select plant species for controlling rill and gully erosion: application to a Mediterranean ecosystem[J]. Earth Surface Process and Landforms, 2009, 34(10): 1374-1392.
[17] Cierjacks A, Hensen I. Variation of stand structure and regeneration of Mediterranean holm oak along a grazing intensity gradient[J]. Plant Ecology, 2004, 173(2): 215-223.
[18] Jakobsson A, Eriksson O. A comparative study of seed number, seed size, seedling size and recruitment in grassland plants[J]. Oikos, 2000, 88(3): 495-502.
[19] Stephen D H, Eric N, Todd N, et al. Are seedlings from small seeds always inferior to seedlings from large seeds? Effects of seed biomass on seedling growth in Pastinaca sativa L[J].New Phytologist, 1991, 119(2): 299-305.
[20] 张小彦, 焦菊英, 王宁, 等. 黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤侵蚀对3种蒿属种子有效性的影响[J]. 水土保持研究, 2010, 17(1): 56-61.
[21] Lamont B B. Canopy seed storage and release: what’s in a name?[J]. Oikos, 1991, 60(2): 266-268.
[22] 张小彦, 焦菊英, 王宁, 等. 种子形态特征对植被恢复演替的影响[J].种子, 2009, 28(7): 67-72.
[23] Yu S L, Sternberg M, Kutiel P, et al. Seed mass, shape, and persistence in the soil seed bank of Israeli coastal sand dune flora[J]. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 2007, 9(2): 325-340.
[24] Turnbull L A, Rees M, Crawley M J. Seed mass and the competition/colonization trade-off: a sowing experiment[J]. Journal of Ecology, 1999, 87(5): 899-912.
[25] Chambers J C, MacMahon J A. A day in the life of a seed: movements and fates of seeds and their implications for natural and managed systems[J]. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 1994, 25: 263-292.
[26] Hampe A. Extensive hydrochory uncouples spatiotemporal patterns of seedfall and seedling recruitment in a ‘bird-dispersed’ riparian tree[J]. Journal of Ecology, 2004, 92(5): 797-807.
[27] 张玲, 李广贺, 张旭. 土壤种子库研究综述[J]. 生态学杂志, 2004, 23(2): 114-120.
[28] Tsuyuzaki S. Contribution of buried seeds to revegetation after eruptions of the volcano Usu, northern Japan[J]. Botanical Magazine, Tokyo, 1989, 102(4): 511-520.
[29] Tsuyuzaki S, delMoral R. Canonical correspondence analysis of early volcanic succession on Mt Usu, Japan[J]. Ecological Research, 1994, 9(2): 143-150.
[30] Cerdà A, García-Fayos P. The influence of slope angle on sediment, water and seed losses on badland landscapes[J]. Geomorphology, 1997, 18(2): 77-90.
[31] Garcia-Plazaola J I, Faria T, Abadia J, et al. Seasonal changes in xanthophyll composition and photosynthesis of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) leaves under Mediterranean climate[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1997, 48(9): 1667-1674.
[32] Penfielda S, CMeissner R, Shoueb D A, et al. MYB61 is required for mucilage deposition and extrusion in the arabidopsis seed coat[J]. Plant Cell, 2001, 13(12): 2777-2791.
[33] Aerts R, Maes W, November E, et al. Surface runoff and seed trapping efficiency of shrubs in a regenerating semiarid woodland in northern Ethiopia[J]. Catena, 2006, 65(1): 61-70.
[34] Rey F, Isselin-Nondedeu F, Bédécarrats A. Vegetation dynamics on sediment deposits upstream of bioengineering works in mountainous marly gullies in a Mediterranean climate (Southern Alps, France)[J]. Earth and Environmental Science, 2007, 103(4): 297-307.
[35] Isselin-Nondedeu F, Rey F, Bédécarrats A. Contributions of vegetation cover and cattle hoof prints towards seed runoff control on ski pistes[J]. Ecological Engineering, 2006, 27(3): 193-201.
[36] 韩鲁艳. 种子随土壤侵蚀流失的人工模拟降雨试验研究[D]. 杨凌: 中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心, 2009.
[37] 雷东. 土壤侵蚀对种子迁移、流失和幼苗建植的影响[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2011.
[38] Wolfgang S, Milberg P, Lamont B B. Germination requirements and seedling responses to water availability and soil type in four eucalypt species[J]. Acta Oeeologica, 2002, 23(1): 23-30.
[39] 李利, 张希明, 何兴元. 胡杨种子萌发和胚根生长对环境因子变化的响应[J].干旱区研究, 2005, 22(4): 520-525.
[40] Jones C C, delMoral R. Dispersal and establishment both limit colonization during primary succession on a glacier foreland[J]. Plant Ecology, 2009, 204(2): 217-230.
[41] 王进, 张勇, 颜霞, 等. 光照、温度、土壤水分和播种深度对披针叶黄华种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].草业科学, 2011, 28(9): 1640-1644.
[42] Fenner M. Seeds-The Ecology of Regeneration in Plant Communities (2nd edition)[M]. School of Biological Sciences University of Southampton UK, 2000.
[43] 鲁为华, 朱进忠, 靳瑰丽. 小尺度条件下退化绢蒿种群幼苗更新时空格局[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(5): 272-277.
[44] Veenendaal E M, Ernst W H O, Modise G S. Effect of seasonal rainfall pattern on seedling emergence and establishment of grasses in a savanna in south-eastern Botswana[J]. Journal of Arid Environment, 1996, 32(3): 305-317.
[45] Pugnaire F I, Luque M T. Changes in plant interactions along a gradient of environmental stress[J]. Oikos, 2001, 93(1): 42-49.
[46] Chambers J C, Macmahon J A, Brown R W. Alpine seedling establishment: the influence of disturbance type[J]. Ecology, 1990, 71(4): 1323-1341.
[47] 鱼小军, 师尚礼, 龙瑞军, 等. 生态条件对种子萌发影响研究进展[J].草业科学, 2006, 23(10): 44-49.
[48] 冯燕, 王彦荣, 胡小文. 水分胁迫对两种荒漠灌木幼苗生长与水分利用效率的影响[J].草业学报, 2011, 20(4): 293-298.
[49] Bochet E, García-Fayos P, Alborch B, et al. Soil water availability effects on seed germination account for species segregation in semiarid roadslopes[J]. Plant and Soil, 2007, 295(1-2): 179-191.
[50] Tsuyuzaki S, Hase A. Plant community dynamics on the volcano Mount Koma, northern Japan, after the 1996 eruption[J].Folia Geobotanica, 2005, 40(4): 319-330.
[51] Peltzer D A. Does clonal integration improve competitive ability? A test using aspen (Populus tremuloides [Salicaceae]) invasion into prairie[J]. American Journal of Botany, 2002, 89(3): 494-499.
[52] 王兆印, 郭彦彪, 李昌志, 等. 植被-侵蚀状态图在典型流域的应用[J].地球科学进展, 2005, 20(2): 149-157.
[53] Huang D, Wang K, Wu W L. Dynamics of soil physical and chemical properties and vegetation succession characteristics during grassland desertification under sheep grazing in an agro-pastoral transition zone in Northern China[J].Journal of Arid Environments, 2007, 70(1): 120-136.
[54] Ricklefs R E, Wikelski M. The physiology/life-history nexus[J].Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2002, 17(10): 462-468.
[55] Bacelar E A, Correia C M, Moutinho-pereira J M, et al. Sclerophylly and leaf anatomical traits of five field-grown olive cultivars growing under drought conditions[J]. Tree Physiology, 2004, 24(2): 233-239.
[56] Grime J P. Plant Strategies, Vegetation Processes, and Ecosystem Properties[M]. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 2001.
[57] García-Fayos P, Bochet E. Indication of antagonistic interaction between climate change and erosion on plant species richness and soil properties in semiarid Mediterranean ecosystems[J]. Global Change Biology, 2009, 15(2): 306-318.
[58] Bardgett R D.The Biology of Soil. A Community and Ecosystem Approach[M]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.
[59] Tilman D. The ecological consequences of changes in biodiversity: a search for general principles[J]. Ecology, 1999, 80(5): 1455-1474.
[60] Deyn G B De, Cornelissen J H C, Bardgett R D. Plant functional traits and soil carbon sequestration in contrasting biomes[J].Ecology Letters, 2008, 11(5): 516-531.
[61] Merz A, Alewell C, Hiltbrunner E, et al. Plant-compositional effects on surface runoff and sediment yield in subalpine grassland[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2009, 172(6): 777-788.
[62] Bautista Susana, Mayor ngeles G, Bourakhouadar J, et al. Plant spatial pattern predicts hillslope runoff and erosion in a semiarid Mediterranean landscape[J]. Ecosystems, 2007, 10(6): 987-998.
[63] 杨忠, 张建辉, 徐建忠, 等. 元谋干热河谷不同岩土组成坡地桉树人工林生长特征初步研究[J].水土保持学报, 2000, 14(5): 1-6, 34.
[64] 隋媛媛, 杜峰, 张兴昌. 黄土丘陵区撂荒群落土壤速效养分空间变异性研究[J].草业学报, 2011, 20(2): 76-84.
[65] Guerrero-Campo J, Alberto F, Hodgson J, et al. Plant community patterns in a gypsum area of NE Spain I. Interactions with topographic factors and soil erosion[J]. Journal of Arid Environments, 1999, 41(4): 401-410.
[66] 牛德奎, 谢宝平, 郭晓敏, 等. 赣南红壤侵蚀地植被概况及其物种多样性的变化[J].江西农业大学学报, 2005, 27(2): 176-180.
[67] Hellsten S, Riihimiki J, Alasaarela E, et al. Experimental revegetation of the regulated lake Ontojfirvi in northern Finland[J]. Hydrobiologia, 1996, 340(1-3): 339-343.
[68] 邹厚远, 焦菊英.黄土丘陵沟壑区抗侵蚀植物的初步研究[J].中国水土保持科学, 2010, 8(1): 22-27.
[69] 邹厚远, 焦菊英.黄土丘陵区生态修复地不同抗侵蚀植物的消长变化过程[J].水土保持通报, 2009, 4: 235-240.