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Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 156-165.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020117

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Effects of dietary NDF∶NFC ratio on growth performance, nutritive digestibility, ruminal fermentation characteristics and methane emissions of Holstein heifers

Li-feng DONG1(), Xiu-zhu YANG2, Yan-hua GAO2, Bin-chang LI1,3, Bei WANG1,4, Qi-yu DIAO1()   

  1. 1.Feed Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Sino-US Joint Lab on Nutrition and Metabolism of Ruminants,CAAS-CIAT Joint Laboratory in Advanced Technologies for Sustainable Agriculture,Beijing 100081,China
    2.College of Life Science & Technology,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China
    3.College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    4.College of Animal Science and Technology,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China
  • Received:2020-03-13 Revised:2020-04-20 Online:2021-02-20 Published:2021-01-19
  • Contact: Qi-yu DIAO

Abstract:

The present study examined the effect of different dietary neutral detergent fiber/non-fibrous carbohydrate (NDF∶NFC) levels on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation and methane (CH4) emissions of Holstein heifers. The objective was to obtain the CH4 emission data and CH4 conversion factor (CH4-E/gross energy intake) under the current production system, to provide scientific evidence and references to develop mitigation strategies. Forty-five 15-month-old Holstein heifers in healthy condition were selected and randomly assigned to three groups, with 15 animals in each group: low NDF∶NFC group (NDF∶NFC=0.60), medium NDF∶NFC group (NDF∶NFC=0.75), and high NDF∶NFC group (NDF∶NFC=0.90). The experiment lasted 70 d with a 14 d adaptation period and 56 d measurement period. It was found that: 1) increasing the dietary NDF∶NFC levels significantly decreased dry matter intake (DMI), organic matter intake (OMI), average daily gain (ADG), DM and crude protein (CP) digestibility (P<0.05). 2) Increasing the dietary NDF∶NFC levels significantly increased total VFA concentration, acetate content (%) and acetate∶propionate ratio, but significantly decreased propionate content (%) (P<0.05). 3) Increasing the dietary NDF∶NFC levels significantly increased enteric CH4, methane energy (CH4-E), CH4∶metabolizable body weight, CH4∶DMI, CH4∶OMI, CH4∶NDF intake (P<0.05). The CH4 conversion factor significantly increased when dietary NDF∶NFC levels increased (P<0.05). 4) Several prediction equations were developed using body weight, feed intake, nutrient content, or NDF∶NFC. Among these, an equation developed using DMI and NDF intake had highest R2 value of 0.77. It is thus concluded that the increasing dietary NDF∶NFC decreased growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and ruminal propionate concentration, but significantly increased enteric CH4 emissions and CH4 conversion factors of Holstein heifers.

Key words: dietary NDF∶NFC content, ruminal fermentation, methane emission, prediction model