Feed nutritional value and silage processing properties of Caragana microphylla

doi:10.11686/cyxb2020421

Abstract

Abstract:

Caragana microphylla is one of the key available ruminant feed resources in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region， and its industry utilization is still in the development stage. There is therefore an urgent need to explore suitable feed processing technologies for this forage. In this study， C. microphylla herbage samples at florescence （A₁）， fruit stage （A₂） and at the end of the growing season （A₃） in Horqin Sandy Land were ensiled with different amounts of added molasses ［no addition （C₀）， 10 g·kg^-1（C₁）］ and silage inoculant bacteria ［no addition （B₀）， 0.02 g·kg^-1 （B₁）， 0.04 g·kg^-1 （B₂）， 0.06 g·kg^-1 （B₃）］. Samples of C. microphylla herbage for the three growth periods were collected before ensiling as controls （CK₁， CK₂， CK₃）. The optimal silage processing technology was selected by evaluating the nutritional value of different C. microphylla silages. The results showed that， except for phosphorus （P） content， the nutrient contents of C. microphylla before ensiling differed significantly between growth periods， with the ranking being： A₃>A₁>A₂. The effect of silage inoculant bacteria on the nutritive value of C. microphylla was greater at fruit stage and the end of the growing season than at florescence， while the effects of molasses were greater at florescence， and there was almost no interaction between them. After ensiling， the content of each C. microphylla silage displayed no obvious pattern of difference between different growth periods. The optimal silage processing methodology was A₂＋B₁＋C₀ （harvest at fruit stage， add 0.02 g·kg^-1 silage inoculant bacteria， but no added molasses） and the weight ranking of nutritive value indexes was crude protein （CP）>crude fiber （CF）>crude ash （Ash）>acid detergent lignin （ADL）>phosphorus （P）>nitrogen free extract （NFE）>crude fat （EE）>calcium （Ca）. Compared with the three controls， CP， EE， NFE and Ash contents of C. microphylla were enhanced by use of the optimal silage technology identified above， and the increases were 15.70%， 1.79%， 28.16% and 5.59%， respectively. At the same time， the contents of CF and ADL were decreased by 40.65% and 11.83%， respectively. This study provides technical advice on methodology for ensiling Caragana roughage in arid and semi-arid areas of northern China to provide a non-conventional feed source. This development is expected to be of great significance for promoting adoption of regional sand-fixing plants in the reclamation and utilization of environmentally delicate sites to develop the animal breeding industry.

Key words: Caragana microphylla, growth period, nutritional value, silage processing methodology

Hong-jiao HU, Xin-ping LIU, Tong-hui ZHANG, Yu-hui HE, Ming-ming WANG, La-mei ZHANG, Shan-shan SUN, Li CHENG. Feed nutritional value and silage processing properties of Caragana microphylla[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(11): 181-190.

Figures/Tables 5

References 40

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生育期 Growth period	变异来源 Variation source	粗脂肪 Ether extract （EE）	粗蛋白 Crude protein （CP）	粗纤维 Crude fiber （CF）	酸性洗涤木质素Acid detergent lignin （ADL）	粗灰分 Crude ash （Ash）	无氮浸出物 Nitrogen free extract （NFE）	磷 Phosphorus （P）	钙 Calcium （Ca）
花期 Florescence	菌剂Silage inoculants bacteria	1.41	1.25	1.34	0.95	2.35	2.12	4.75*	8.71**
	糖蜜Molasses	4.56*	0.29	19.31**	1.62	12.40**	20.04**	16.49**	0.01
	菌剂×糖蜜Silage inoculants bacteria×Molasses	6.94**	1.53	1.36	3.06	0.05	1.53	5.11*	2.35
果期 Fruit stage	菌剂Silage inoculants bacteria	3.39*	1.10	3.68*	0.58	1.51	3.73*	1.15	0.97
	糖蜜Molasses	22.77**	0.44	0.75	0.08	3.81	4.68*	0.17	1.41
	菌剂×糖蜜Silage inoculants bacteria×Molasses	1.10	0.17	0.73	3.23	0.21	0.75	1.92	0.49
生长季末期 End of growing season	菌剂Silage inoculants bacteria	6.52 **	0.38	0.25	1.37	0.44	0.95	4.75*	8.71**
	糖蜜Molasses	3.74	4.76*	3.58	0.27	0.01	2.79	16.49**	0.01
	菌剂×糖蜜Silage inoculants bacteria×Molasses	0.24	0.71	0.89	0.30	0.43	0.56	5.11*	2.35

生育期 Growth period	变异来源 Variation source	粗脂肪 Ether extract （EE）	粗蛋白 Crude protein （CP）	粗纤维 Crude fiber （CF）	酸性洗涤木质素Acid detergent lignin （ADL）	粗灰分 Crude ash （Ash）	无氮浸出物 Nitrogen free extract （NFE）	磷 Phosphorus （P）	钙 Calcium （Ca）
花期 Florescence	菌剂Silage inoculants bacteria	1.41	1.25	1.34	0.95	2.35	2.12	4.75*	8.71**
	糖蜜Molasses	4.56*	0.29	19.31**	1.62	12.40**	20.04**	16.49**	0.01
	菌剂×糖蜜Silage inoculants bacteria×Molasses	6.94**	1.53	1.36	3.06	0.05	1.53	5.11*	2.35
果期 Fruit stage	菌剂Silage inoculants bacteria	3.39*	1.10	3.68*	0.58	1.51	3.73*	1.15	0.97
	糖蜜Molasses	22.77**	0.44	0.75	0.08	3.81	4.68*	0.17	1.41
	菌剂×糖蜜Silage inoculants bacteria×Molasses	1.10	0.17	0.73	3.23	0.21	0.75	1.92	0.49
生长季末期 End of growing season	菌剂Silage inoculants bacteria	6.52 **	0.38	0.25	1.37	0.44	0.95	4.75*	8.71**
	糖蜜Molasses	3.74	4.76*	3.58	0.27	0.01	2.79	16.49**	0.01
	菌剂×糖蜜Silage inoculants bacteria×Molasses	0.24	0.71	0.89	0.30	0.43	0.56	5.11*	2.35

处理Treatment	加权关联度Weighting association	排序Order	处理Treatment	加权关联度Weighting association	排序Order
A₂＋B₁＋C₀	0.8155	1	A₂＋B₁＋C₁	0.7227	15
A₃＋B₃＋C₁	0.7872	2	CK₃	0.7099	16
A₃＋B₀＋C₁	0.7801	3	A₂＋B₀＋C₀	0.7059	17
A₂＋B₂＋C₀	0.7783	4	A₁＋B₃＋C₁	0.6359	18
A₃＋B₂＋C₁	0.7671	5	A₁＋B₂＋C₁	0.6108	19
A₃＋B₂＋C₀	0.7655	6	A₁＋B₁＋C₁	0.6067	20
A₃＋B₁＋C₀	0.7578	7	A₁＋B₂＋C₀	0.5947	21
A₃＋B₀＋C₀	0.7520	8	A₁＋B₀＋C₁	0.5928	22
A₃＋B₃＋C₀	0.7503	9	CK₁	0.5922	23
A₂＋B₃＋C₀	0.7492	10	A₁＋B₀＋C₀	0.5826	24
A₂＋B₂＋C₁	0.7423	11	A₁＋B₃＋C₀	0.5810	25
A₃＋B₁＋C₁	0.7384	12	A₁＋B₁＋C₀	0.5744	26
A₂＋B₀＋C₁	0.7360	13	CK₂	0.5501	27
A₂＋B₃＋C₁	0.7277	14

处理Treatment	加权关联度Weighting association	排序Order	处理Treatment	加权关联度Weighting association	排序Order
A₂＋B₁＋C₀	0.8155	1	A₂＋B₁＋C₁	0.7227	15
A₃＋B₃＋C₁	0.7872	2	CK₃	0.7099	16
A₃＋B₀＋C₁	0.7801	3	A₂＋B₀＋C₀	0.7059	17
A₂＋B₂＋C₀	0.7783	4	A₁＋B₃＋C₁	0.6359	18
A₃＋B₂＋C₁	0.7671	5	A₁＋B₂＋C₁	0.6108	19
A₃＋B₂＋C₀	0.7655	6	A₁＋B₁＋C₁	0.6067	20
A₃＋B₁＋C₀	0.7578	7	A₁＋B₂＋C₀	0.5947	21
A₃＋B₀＋C₀	0.7520	8	A₁＋B₀＋C₁	0.5928	22
A₃＋B₃＋C₀	0.7503	9	CK₁	0.5922	23
A₂＋B₃＋C₀	0.7492	10	A₁＋B₀＋C₀	0.5826	24
A₂＋B₂＋C₁	0.7423	11	A₁＋B₃＋C₀	0.5810	25
A₃＋B₁＋C₁	0.7384	12	A₁＋B₁＋C₀	0.5744	26
A₂＋B₀＋C₁	0.7360	13	CK₂	0.5501	27
A₂＋B₃＋C₁	0.7277	14

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[5]	HE Zhen-fu, HE Chun-gui, WANG Guo-dong. Effect of different cultivation patterns on yield and nutritional contents of photoperiod-sensitive sorghum-sudangrass hybrids [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(9): 110-122.
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[9]	ZHENG Min-na, LIANG Xiu-zhi, HAN Zhi-shun, KANG Jia-hui, CHEN Yan-ni. Productivity and nutritional value of 28 alfalfa varieties in the Yanmenguan area of Shanxi province [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(5): 97-108.
[10]	SUN Wan-Bin, MA Hui-Ling, HOU Xiang-Yang, MU Huai-Bin. Comprehensive evaluation of production performance and nutritional value of 20 alfalfa cultivars in two ecological areas of Gansu province [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2017, 26(3): 161-174.
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[12]	ZOU Chang-Ming, WANG Yun-Qing, CAO Wei-Dong, ZHANG Xiao-Hong, LIU Ying, YANG Jie, TANG Shan. Selection of high photosynthetic efficiency Vigna angularis varieties and evaluation of their nutritional value [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2015, 24(7): 52-59.
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[14]	SUN Peng-Fei, CUI Zhan-Hong, LIU Shu-Jie, CHAI Sha-Tuo, HAO Li-Zhuang, WANG Xun. Seasonal evaluation of nutrition and carrying capacity of grazing pastures in the Three-River Source Region [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2015, 24(12): 92-101.
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