Spatial and temporal distributions of drought on the Loess Plateau during the growing seasons of 2001-2020

doi:10.11686/cyxb2023470

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on MODIS actual evapotranspiration （ET） and potential evapotranspiration （PET） inversion of crop water stress index （CWSI）， the spatial and temporal variability of drought during the growing season in the Loess Plateau was investigated， and bias correlation analysis was conducted between the CWSI and the degree of vegetation cover （NDVI） to investigate the influence of the driest month on the NDVI during the growing season. The results showed that： 1） The multi-year average value of CWSI in the growing season of the Loess Plateau was 0.777， which reflected a moderate drought state， and the spatial distribution showed a pattern of lighter drought in the southeast and more severe drought in the northwest， together with greater drought severity in areas with lower elevation of 1200-1700 m. 2） The overall CWSI in the growing season showed a significant decreasing trend across years from 2001 to 2020， with the drought degree being the highest in 2001 and the lowest in 2018. Within the growing season， the Loess Plateau had the highest degree of drought in April； and the lowest degree of drought in August. Specifically， as the growing season progressed， the drought level transitioned from severe drought to moderate drought and light drought， and then from light drought to moderate drought. 3） Analyzed from the perspective of vegetation types， the surveyed areas of desert and grassland were in severe drought； the surveyed areas of meadow， cultivated vegetation， and scrub were in moderate drought； and the surveyed areas of coniferous and broadleaf forests were in light drought， and the CWSI of the different vegetation types showed a fluctuating and decreasing pattern during the vegetation growing season. The study provides a scientific basis for ecological early warning and drought prediction in the Loess Plateau region.

Key words: Loess Plateau, growing season, crop water stress index, vegetation normalization index, drought

Li-jing LIU, Jing WU, Chun-bin LI, Xiu-hong CHANG. Spatial and temporal distributions of drought on the Loess Plateau during the growing seasons of 2001-2020[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(10): 28-36.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1 Vegetation types on the Loess Plateau

Table 1 Drought classification

等级 Grade	作物缺水指数 CWSI	类型 Type
1	0.0~0.6	无旱 No drought
2	0.6~0.7	轻旱 Light drought
3	0.7~0.8	中旱 Mid-drought
4	0.8~0.9	重旱 Heavy drought
5	0.9~1.0	特旱 Extraordinary drought

Fig. 2 Distribution of drought levels on the Loess Plateau

Fig. 3 Schematic diagram of the elevation classification of the Loess Plateau

Table 2 Distribution of CSWI in different elevation intervals

高程Altitude （m）	范围Range	平均值Average
83~700	0.48~0.89	0.74
700~1200	0.40~0.96	0.79
1200~1700	0.39~0.95	0.81
1700~2300	0.43~0.95	0.75
2300~2800	0.45~0.94	0.71
2800~4885	0.50~0.85	0.67

Fig. 4 Annual mean changes of CWSI in 2001-2020 （a） and monthly mean changes of CWSI in April-October （b） on the Loess Plateau

Fig. 5 Average annual change of CWSI in 2001-2020 for different vegetation types

Fig. 6 Monthly average changes in CWSI from April to October for different vegetation types

Fig. 7 Bias correlation coefficients between CWSI in April and NDVI in April （a）， May （b） and June （c）

Table 3 Mean partial correlation coefficients of CWSI and NDVI of different vegetation types in April， May and June

植被类型 Vegetation type	偏相关系数平均值 Mean partial correlation coefficient
植被类型 Vegetation type	4月 April	5月 May	6月 June
栽培植被 Cultural vegetation	-0.098	-0.110	-0.056
草甸 Meadow	-0.106	-0.125	-0.088
草原 Grassland	-0.155	-0.173	-0.104
灌丛 Bush-wood	-0.145	-0.153	-0.093
荒漠 Desert	-0.069	-0.035	0.116
阔叶林Broad-leaved forest	-0.139	-0.126	-0.034
针叶林Soft-wood forest	-0.121	-0.121	-0.046

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