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Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (12): 122-133.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024048

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A study of autotoxic effects of soil extract from continuously cropped Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta on seed germination and seedling growth

Ying-yu CHEN1(), Ya-juan QIU1, Xiao-ling SHAO1, Yu-fang HUANG1,2,3(), Fu-de YANG1, Lin-jie CHEN1, Hong-gang CHEN1,2, Tian-peng XIE1,2   

  1. 1.College of Pharmacy,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.Northwest Collaborative Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.Key Laboratory of Dunhuang Medicine,Ministry of Education,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2024-02-02 Revised:2024-03-07 Online:2024-12-20 Published:2024-10-09
  • Contact: Yu-fang HUANG

Abstract:

Autotoxicity is one of the serious problems in Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta cultivation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the autotoxicity effects of soil extract from continuously cropped C. pilosula var. modesta on seed germination and seedling growth, and to screen out potential autotoxic compounds of C. pilosula var. modesta. Rhizosphere soil of C. pilosula var. modesta continuously cropped for 1, 2 and 3 years was collected; extracts from the collected soil were prepared, and germination and seedling growth tests for C. pilosula var. modesta were conducted. Potentially autotoxic compounds in the rhizosphere soil extracts were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). It was found that the soil extract for all three continuous cropping durations had an effect of “low promotion and high inhibition” on the seed germination and seedling growth of C. pilosula var. modesta. However, the inhibition effect of continuous cropping for 3 years was the strongest, and that of continuous cropping for 1 year was the weakest. The chlorophyll content and the catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in leaves initially increased and then decreased with increase in soil extract concentration, and the contents of malondialdehyde and proline increased with increase in soil extract concentration. Again, these effects were strongest for extracts from soils after three years of continuous cropping. The GC-MS analysis detected, respectively, 12, 18 and 8 different potentially autotoxic compounds (including hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones and fatty acids), in extracts from soils continuously cropped for 1, 2 and 3 years. In summary, extracts from soils continuously cropped with C. pilosula var. modesta had autotoxic effects on seed germination and seedling growth. Autotoxicity is one of the causes of continuous cropping vigor loss in C. pilosula var. modesta.

Key words: Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta, continuous cropping obstacles, autotoxicity, GC-MS, autotoxic substance