含水量及添加剂对燕麦捆裹青贮品质的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb20140615

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了搞清不同含水量和添加剂对燕麦青贮发酵品质的影响,试验设置2个含水量(45%~50%,65%~70%)和5个添加剂处理进行研究。5个添加剂处理分别为玉米粉(4%)、尿素(0.4%)、Synlac Dry(0.002 g/kg)、Sila-Max 200 (0.0025 g/kg) 和直接青贮(CK)。以灌浆期全株燕麦为青贮原料,捆裹青贮40 d后取样,测定其营养指标、发酵指标和主要微生物类群数量。结果表明,含水量与添加剂对燕麦青贮发酵品质的影响非常显著。与45%~50%含水量相比,65%~70%含水量下各处理的CP、主要有机酸含量和LAB数量比较稳定;NDF、ADF、WSC和M&Y数量降低,青贮效果较优。与CK相比,最佳含水量下玉米粉和尿素处理的青贮燕麦NDF、ADF、NH₃-N均显著增加(P<0.05),WSC显著减少。Sila-Max 200处理的NDF、ADF含量最低(P<0.05),分别为52.12%和32.14%;LA含量最高,LAB数量也显著提高(P<0.05),抑制了好氧细菌的生长繁殖,效果优于Synlac Dry,青贮品质最佳。综上所述,在65%~70%原料含水量条件下选择合适添加剂处理可显著提高燕麦青贮品质。

Abstract: In order to study the effects of different moisture contents and additives on the quality of baling oat silage, a 2×5 experiment was designed. Baling oat harvested at grain filling stage was wilted to target moisture contents (45%-50% and 65%-70%) and treated with corn flour (4%), urea (0.4%), Synlac Dry (0.002 g/kg), Sila-Max 200 (0.0025 g/kg), or directly baled without additives (CK). After 40 d ensiling, nutrition and fermentation were measured, and microbial counts and community analysis were undertaken by plate-culture. Moisture contents and additives had significant effects on silage quality. Compared with those at 45%-50% moisture content, treatments at 65%-70% moisture content had more stable CP, main organic acids and lactic acid bacteria (LAB), lower acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and mould and yeast (M&Y) counts, showing a better ensiling effectiveness. In contrast with CK, flour and urea treatments at 65%-70% moisture content had higher NDF, ADF and NH₃-N contents, but lower WSC. Sila-Max 200 led to the lowest NDF and ADF contents (52.12% and 32.14%, respectively), the highest lactic acid and significantly increased LAB, thus inhibiting aerobic microorganisms and achieving the best silage performance. In conclusion, adding suitable additives to oat with 65%-70% moisture content could signficantly improve the oat silage quality.

中图分类号:

S816.1

覃方锉,赵桂琴,焦婷,韩永杰,侯建杰,宋旭东. 含水量及添加剂对燕麦捆裹青贮品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2014, 23(6): 119-125.

QIN Fang-cuo,ZHAO Gui-qin,JIAO Ting,HAN Yong-jie,HOU Jian-jie,SONG Xu-dong. Effects of different moisture contents and additives on the quality of baled oat silage[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(6): 119-125.

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