补饲精料对乌珠穆沁羊生产性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2018317

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 试验旨在研究草颗粒和草颗粒补饲精料对乌珠穆沁羊生产性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选取20只6月龄体重为(28.83±0.19) kg乌珠穆沁羊,采用随机区组设计,随机分为2组,每组10只。设计2种日粮饲喂乌珠穆沁羊,分别为草颗粒(对照组)和草颗粒补饲精料(试验组)。结果表明:补饲精料未能显著影响羊的日增重(P>0.05),日增重分别为56.33和60.00 g。对照组和试验组的3项屠宰性能指标(宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率)、6项化学成分指标(粗蛋白、粗脂肪、有机物、干物质、钙、磷)、6项肉品质指标(pH₁、pH₂₄、大理石纹、亮度、熟肉率、剪切力)、16项脂肪酸指标和15项氨基酸指标差异均不显著 (P>0.05)。试验组羊4项屠宰性能指标(净肉重、净肉率、眼肌面积、GR值)、4项肉品质指标(红度、黄度、胆固醇、失水率)、6项脂肪酸指标(十三碳酸、肉豆蔻酸、珍珠酸、γ-亚麻酸、α-亚麻酸、花生酸)和3项氨基酸指标(异亮氨酸、酪氨酸、精氨酸)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组7项主要脂肪酸(丁酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻烯酸、十五碳酸、十五碳烯酸、棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、硬脂酸、油酸、n-6/n-3)、苏氨酸和谷氨酸显著高于试验组(P<0.05)。饲喂草颗粒补饲精料对乌珠穆沁羊生长性能影响不大;天然草地草颗粒饲喂能满足家畜营养需求,在促进乌珠穆沁羊生产性能、屠宰性能和肉品质方面具有重大潜力。

关键词: 乌珠穆沁羊, 草颗粒, 精料, 生产性能, 屠宰性能, 肉品质

Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and fatty acid composition of Mongolian lamb fed pellet and complete pellet. Twenty healthy Mongolian lambs of the same age (six months) and similar body weight (28.83±0.19) kg were randomly divided into two groups, and a control group of ten sheep were fed solely grass pellet, while a second trial group were fed grass pellet with concentrate. It was found that feeding grass pellet with concentrate significantly increased the average daily gain from 56.33 g·d^-1 (control) to 60.00 g·d^-1 (trial group). A very large number of parameters determined showed no difference between control and trial groups, including: body weight before slaughter, carcass weight, dressing percentage, crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), organic matter (OM), dry matter (DM), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), pH₁, pH₂₄, marbling score, Lightness (L^*), cooking yield, shear force, C6:0, C8:0, C10:0, C11:0, C17:1n7, C18:2n6c, C20:1, C20:2, C20:3n3, C20:5n3, C22:2n6, saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), ∑n-6, ∑n-3, Val, Met, Leu, Phe, Lys, EAA (essential amino acid), Asp, Ser, Gly, Ala, Cys, His, Pro, NEAA (nonessential amino acid), EAA/NEAA of control group and trial group (P>0.05). Parameters higher (P<0.05) in the trial group than in the control group were: net meat mass, net meat percentage, loin muscle area, GR (carcass fat content) value, redness (a^*), yellowness (b^*), cholesterol, water loss rate, C13:0, C14:0, C17:0, C18:3n6, C18:3n3, C20:0, Ile, Tyr, Arg. Conversely, parameters higher (P<0.05) in the control group than in the trial group were: C4:0, C12:0, C14:1n5, C15:0, C15:1n5, C16:0, C16:1n7, C18:0, C18:1n9c, n-6/n-3, Thr and Glu. These results indicate that feeding Wuzhumuqin lamb is more beneficial to growth performance and meat quality than feeding grass pellet with concentrate.

Key words: Wuzhumuqin lamb, native grass pellet, concentrate, growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality

都帅, 尤思涵, 包健, 格根图, 贾玉山. 补饲精料对乌珠穆沁羊生产性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(6): 196-203.

DU Shuai, YOU Si-han, BAO Jian, Gegentu, JIA Yu-shan. Effects of different nutrition levels on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of Wuzhumuqin lamb[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(6): 196-203.

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