草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 81-95.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020067
郭家萌(), 何灵芝, 闫东良, 李卓, 王泳超, 邵瑞鑫, 杨青华()
收稿日期:
2020-02-21
修回日期:
2020-04-26
出版日期:
2021-01-20
发布日期:
2021-01-08
通讯作者:
杨青华
作者简介:
Corresponding author. E-mail: yangqh2000@163.com基金资助:
Jia-meng GUO(), Ling-zhi HE, Dong-liang YAN, Zhuo LI, Yong-chao WANG, Rui-xin SHAO, Qing-hua YANG()
Received:
2020-02-21
Revised:
2020-04-26
Online:
2021-01-20
Published:
2021-01-08
Contact:
Qing-hua YANG
摘要:
在黄淮海夏玉米生产区,不同控释氮肥和尿素的配比下,研究不同氮效率玉米品种的产量及其花前花后干物质和氮素累积分配规律,以及相应的氮素利用效率与经济效益,为该区域夏玉米氮肥高效施用提供理论与技术依据。试验采用裂区设计,周期为两年,以施氮处理为主区,设置0、180、300 kg·hm-2 3个施氮水平,并在180 kg·hm-2水平上设置全尿素处理(U)、控释尿素处理(C),控释尿素与尿素按1∶2(C1)与2∶1(C2)配施,共6个施肥处理,分别为N0、N180U、N180C、N180C1、N180C2、N300U;品种为副区,分别为氮低效品种豫禾988(YH988)和氮高效品种郑单958(ZD958)。结果表明,在黄淮海砂质潮土条件下,氮低效品种YH988和氮高效品种ZD958均在180 kg·hm-2施氮水平下实现了最高的产量水平,其中YH988和ZD958最佳的氮肥比例分别为控释氮∶尿素氮=1∶2和2∶1,即N180C1和N180C2。YH988和ZD958分别在N180C1和N180C2处理下花后干物质和氮素累积比例较高。同时,YH988和ZD958在N180C1和N180C2处理下分别实现了氮肥偏生产力、氮肥农学效率、氮肥当季利用率和经济效益的最高。综上,在黄淮海潮土区夏玉米生产体系中,不同氮效率品种YH988和ZD958分别在180 kg·hm-2施氮量,控施氮∶尿素氮=1∶2和2∶1的条件下,实现了高产及较高的花后干物质和氮素累积,促进了其产量和氮素利用效率的协同提高。
郭家萌, 何灵芝, 闫东良, 李卓, 王泳超, 邵瑞鑫, 杨青华. 控释氮肥和尿素配比对不同品种夏玉米氮素累积、转移及其利用效率的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(1): 81-95.
Jia-meng GUO, Ling-zhi HE, Dong-liang YAN, Zhuo LI, Yong-chao WANG, Rui-xin SHAO, Qing-hua YANG. Effects of controlled release nitrogen and urea ratio on nitrogen accumulation, transfer, and nitrogen-use efficiency of different summer maize varieties[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(1): 81-95.
图1 2018-2019年夏玉米生育期间日平均气温和日降水量
Fig.1 The average temperature and daily precipitation of the experiment site during the growth period of maize in 2018 and 2019
年份 Year | 品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment | 穗数 Ear number (plant·hm-2) | 穗粒数 Grain number | 百粒重 Hundred grain weight (g) | 产量 Yield (kg·hm-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | YH988 | N0 | 74074ab | 481.79e | 26.30d | 6481.60e |
N180U | 79630a | 538.94d | 27.13cd | 8873.42c | ||
N180C | 72222b | 565.09abcd | 29.41b | 9450.72abc | ||
N180C1 | 76389ab | 586.71a | 31.05a | 9853.15ab | ||
N180C2 | 72222b | 567.30abc | 30.80a | 9285.72bc | ||
N300U | 76852ab | 551.44cd | 27.61c | 7874.18d | ||
ZD958 | N0 | 65278c | 492.40e | 29.89ab | 6700.54e | |
N180U | 71296b | 563.13abcd | 30.02ab | 9025.29c | ||
N180C | 72222b | 557.22bcd | 29.44b | 8886.66c | ||
N180C1 | 75000ab | 569.24abc | 30.07ab | 9454.43abc | ||
N180C2 | 73148b | 584.25ab | 30.59ab | 10027.62a | ||
N300U | 65278c | 538.48d | 29.95d | 9188.97c | ||
2019 | YH988 | N0 | 66667a | 455.97c | 26.53ab | 7845.25e |
N180U | 65740a | 566.27ab | 28.24ab | 10634.65ab | ||
N180C | 64814a | 589.68a | 27.38ab | 9169.49c | ||
N180C1 | 69444a | 576.64ab | 28.29ab | 11719.94a | ||
N180C2 | 65740a | 583.23ab | 28.01ab | 9805.86bc | ||
N300U | 66667a | 559.36ab | 28.42ab | 10749.58ab | ||
ZD958 | N0 | 65740a | 509.68bc | 26.54b | 8435.69d | |
N180U | 69444a | 568.61ab | 28.92ab | 10390.63ab | ||
N180C | 71296a | 519.73abc | 27.50ab | 10476.21ab | ||
N180C1 | 65740a | 535.25ab | 29.03ab | 10235.82ab | ||
N180C2 | 65740a | 573.95ab | 29.31a | 10772.16ab | ||
N300U | 66667a | 580.11ab | 29.39a | 10308.70ab | ||
品种 Variety (V) | ns | ns | *** | ns | ||
施氮处理Nitrogen application (N) | ns | *** | *** | *** | ||
年份Year (Y) | *** | ns | *** | *** | ||
品种×施氮处理V×N | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||
品种×年份V×Y | * | ns | ns | ns | ||
施氮处理×年份N×Y | ns | ns | * | ns | ||
品种×施氮处理×年份V×N×Y | ns | ns | * | ns |
表1 氮肥处理对不同品种夏玉米产量及产量构成因素的影响
Table 1 Effects of nitrogen treatments on yield and yield components of different maize varieties
年份 Year | 品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment | 穗数 Ear number (plant·hm-2) | 穗粒数 Grain number | 百粒重 Hundred grain weight (g) | 产量 Yield (kg·hm-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | YH988 | N0 | 74074ab | 481.79e | 26.30d | 6481.60e |
N180U | 79630a | 538.94d | 27.13cd | 8873.42c | ||
N180C | 72222b | 565.09abcd | 29.41b | 9450.72abc | ||
N180C1 | 76389ab | 586.71a | 31.05a | 9853.15ab | ||
N180C2 | 72222b | 567.30abc | 30.80a | 9285.72bc | ||
N300U | 76852ab | 551.44cd | 27.61c | 7874.18d | ||
ZD958 | N0 | 65278c | 492.40e | 29.89ab | 6700.54e | |
N180U | 71296b | 563.13abcd | 30.02ab | 9025.29c | ||
N180C | 72222b | 557.22bcd | 29.44b | 8886.66c | ||
N180C1 | 75000ab | 569.24abc | 30.07ab | 9454.43abc | ||
N180C2 | 73148b | 584.25ab | 30.59ab | 10027.62a | ||
N300U | 65278c | 538.48d | 29.95d | 9188.97c | ||
2019 | YH988 | N0 | 66667a | 455.97c | 26.53ab | 7845.25e |
N180U | 65740a | 566.27ab | 28.24ab | 10634.65ab | ||
N180C | 64814a | 589.68a | 27.38ab | 9169.49c | ||
N180C1 | 69444a | 576.64ab | 28.29ab | 11719.94a | ||
N180C2 | 65740a | 583.23ab | 28.01ab | 9805.86bc | ||
N300U | 66667a | 559.36ab | 28.42ab | 10749.58ab | ||
ZD958 | N0 | 65740a | 509.68bc | 26.54b | 8435.69d | |
N180U | 69444a | 568.61ab | 28.92ab | 10390.63ab | ||
N180C | 71296a | 519.73abc | 27.50ab | 10476.21ab | ||
N180C1 | 65740a | 535.25ab | 29.03ab | 10235.82ab | ||
N180C2 | 65740a | 573.95ab | 29.31a | 10772.16ab | ||
N300U | 66667a | 580.11ab | 29.39a | 10308.70ab | ||
品种 Variety (V) | ns | ns | *** | ns | ||
施氮处理Nitrogen application (N) | ns | *** | *** | *** | ||
年份Year (Y) | *** | ns | *** | *** | ||
品种×施氮处理V×N | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||
品种×年份V×Y | * | ns | ns | ns | ||
施氮处理×年份N×Y | ns | ns | * | ns | ||
品种×施氮处理×年份V×N×Y | ns | ns | * | ns |
图2 氮肥处理对不同品种夏玉米全生育期干物质累积的影响
Fig.2 Effects of nitrogen treatments on dry matter accumulation during the whole growth period of different maize varieties
图3 氮肥处理对不同品种玉米花前花后干物质累积的影响不同字母表示同年差异达5%显著水平。下同。Different letters above the bars mean significant differences at the 5% level. The same below.
Fig.3 Effects of nitrogen treatments on dry matter accumulation during pre-and post-silking stage of different maize varieties
图4 氮肥处理对不同品种玉米花前花后干物质分配的影响
Fig.4 Effects of nitrogen treatments on dry matter distribution during pre-and post-silking stage of different maize varieties
图7 氮肥处理对不同品种夏玉米花前花后植株吸氮量分配的影响
Fig.7 Effects of nitrogen treatments on nitrogen distribution at pre-and post-silking stage of different maize varieties
年份 Year | 品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment | 吐丝期秸秆氮含量Stover N content at R1 (kg·hm-2) | 收获期秸秆氮 含量Stover N content at harvest (kg·hm-2) | 秸秆氮素表观转移量 Apparent amount of N remobilization (kg·hm-2) | 收获期籽粒氮含量Grain N content (kg·hm-2) | 花后根系氮吸收及转移量Nitrogen from root absorption and transfer after flowering (kg·hm-2) | 氮收获指数N harvest index (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | YH988 | N0 | 103.49d | 59.31abc | 44.18e | 83.49c | 38.39cde | 58.73e |
N180U | 137.09ab | 49.16c | 86.74a | 111.54ab | 24.80e | 69.47ab | ||
N180C | 132.50ab | 67.39ab | 65.11bc | 123.47a | 46.89bcd | 64.82bcde | ||
N180C1 | 138.96a | 75.77a | 63.19bcd | 128.77a | 65.58ab | 62.92bcde | ||
N180C2 | 136.22ab | 48.68bc | 87.55a | 126.31ab | 38.76cde | 72.11a | ||
N300U | 141.22a | 65.86abc | 75.35abc | 103.37b | 29.59de | 61.73cde | ||
ZD958 | N0 | 115.80bc | 60.10abc | 55.70cd | 87.56d | 35.67de | 59.73de | |
N180U | 128.61ab | 57.97abc | 70.65abc | 115.63c | 44.99cde | 66.54abcd | ||
N180C | 141.88a | 58.88abc | 83.00ab | 123.16bc | 48.05abcd | 67.84abc | ||
N180C1 | 141.83a | 60.00abc | 81.83ab | 129.93ab | 48.10abcd | 68.52abc | ||
N180C2 | 143.33a | 72.38a | 70.96abc | 138.40a | 67.45a | 65.90abcd | ||
N300U | 135.66ab | 60.67abc | 74.99abc | 133.04ab | 58.05abc | 68.67abc | ||
2019 | YH988 | N0 | 49.75d | 17.95d | 31.80c | 65.97d | 27.70abc | 78.54abc |
N180U | 73.54c | 24.15c | 49.39abc | 81.94bcd | 32.54abc | 77.20bcd | ||
N180C | 83.17abc | 24.41c | 58.77ab | 85.08bcd | 32.43abc | 77.47bc | ||
N180C1 | 79.02abc | 32.96ab | 46.06bc | 94.84abc | 41.44ab | 74.15cd | ||
N180C2 | 85.01abc | 33.75ab | 51.27ab | 87.83bcd | 36.57abc | 72.32d | ||
N300U | 94.04ab | 29.01bc | 65.03ab | 90.65bcd | 25.62 bc | 75.46bcd | ||
ZD958 | N0 | 77.05bc | 14.84d | 62.22ab | 74.06cd | 15.12c | 83.19a | |
N180U | 95.44ab | 26.64c | 68.80a | 105.03ab | 36.23abc | 79.60ab | ||
N180C | 89.27 abc | 26.66c | 62.61ab | 98.30abc | 35.69abc | 78.32bc | ||
N180C1 | 86.98abc | 25.36c | 61.62ab | 102.25ab | 47.50ab | 80.06ab | ||
N180C2 | 99.19a | 34.92a | 64.28ab | 115.81a | 51.54a | 76.76bcd | ||
N300U | 98.13a | 34.81ab | 63.32ab | 106.47ab | 43.16ab | 74.31cd | ||
品种Variety (V) | ** | ns | ** | *** | * | ** | ||
施氮处理Nitrogen application (N) | *** | ** | *** | *** | ** | ns | ||
年份Year (Y) | *** | *** | *** | *** | ** | *** | ||
品种×施氮处理V×N | ns | ** | ns | ns | ** | ns | ||
品种×年份V×Y | * | ns | * | ns | ns | ns | ||
施氮处理×年份N×Y | ns | * | ns | ns | ns | *** | ||
品种×施氮处理×年份V×N×Y | ns | ns | * | ns | ns | * |
表2 不同氮肥处理下吐丝期和收获期秸秆氮含量、秸秆表观转移量、收获期籽粒氮含量、花后根系氮吸收及转移量和氮收获指数
Table 2 Differences in stover N content at silking and harvesting stage, apparent amount of N remobilization, grain N content at harvest stage, N from root absorption and transfer after flowering and N harvest index under different nitrogen treatments
年份 Year | 品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment | 吐丝期秸秆氮含量Stover N content at R1 (kg·hm-2) | 收获期秸秆氮 含量Stover N content at harvest (kg·hm-2) | 秸秆氮素表观转移量 Apparent amount of N remobilization (kg·hm-2) | 收获期籽粒氮含量Grain N content (kg·hm-2) | 花后根系氮吸收及转移量Nitrogen from root absorption and transfer after flowering (kg·hm-2) | 氮收获指数N harvest index (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | YH988 | N0 | 103.49d | 59.31abc | 44.18e | 83.49c | 38.39cde | 58.73e |
N180U | 137.09ab | 49.16c | 86.74a | 111.54ab | 24.80e | 69.47ab | ||
N180C | 132.50ab | 67.39ab | 65.11bc | 123.47a | 46.89bcd | 64.82bcde | ||
N180C1 | 138.96a | 75.77a | 63.19bcd | 128.77a | 65.58ab | 62.92bcde | ||
N180C2 | 136.22ab | 48.68bc | 87.55a | 126.31ab | 38.76cde | 72.11a | ||
N300U | 141.22a | 65.86abc | 75.35abc | 103.37b | 29.59de | 61.73cde | ||
ZD958 | N0 | 115.80bc | 60.10abc | 55.70cd | 87.56d | 35.67de | 59.73de | |
N180U | 128.61ab | 57.97abc | 70.65abc | 115.63c | 44.99cde | 66.54abcd | ||
N180C | 141.88a | 58.88abc | 83.00ab | 123.16bc | 48.05abcd | 67.84abc | ||
N180C1 | 141.83a | 60.00abc | 81.83ab | 129.93ab | 48.10abcd | 68.52abc | ||
N180C2 | 143.33a | 72.38a | 70.96abc | 138.40a | 67.45a | 65.90abcd | ||
N300U | 135.66ab | 60.67abc | 74.99abc | 133.04ab | 58.05abc | 68.67abc | ||
2019 | YH988 | N0 | 49.75d | 17.95d | 31.80c | 65.97d | 27.70abc | 78.54abc |
N180U | 73.54c | 24.15c | 49.39abc | 81.94bcd | 32.54abc | 77.20bcd | ||
N180C | 83.17abc | 24.41c | 58.77ab | 85.08bcd | 32.43abc | 77.47bc | ||
N180C1 | 79.02abc | 32.96ab | 46.06bc | 94.84abc | 41.44ab | 74.15cd | ||
N180C2 | 85.01abc | 33.75ab | 51.27ab | 87.83bcd | 36.57abc | 72.32d | ||
N300U | 94.04ab | 29.01bc | 65.03ab | 90.65bcd | 25.62 bc | 75.46bcd | ||
ZD958 | N0 | 77.05bc | 14.84d | 62.22ab | 74.06cd | 15.12c | 83.19a | |
N180U | 95.44ab | 26.64c | 68.80a | 105.03ab | 36.23abc | 79.60ab | ||
N180C | 89.27 abc | 26.66c | 62.61ab | 98.30abc | 35.69abc | 78.32bc | ||
N180C1 | 86.98abc | 25.36c | 61.62ab | 102.25ab | 47.50ab | 80.06ab | ||
N180C2 | 99.19a | 34.92a | 64.28ab | 115.81a | 51.54a | 76.76bcd | ||
N300U | 98.13a | 34.81ab | 63.32ab | 106.47ab | 43.16ab | 74.31cd | ||
品种Variety (V) | ** | ns | ** | *** | * | ** | ||
施氮处理Nitrogen application (N) | *** | ** | *** | *** | ** | ns | ||
年份Year (Y) | *** | *** | *** | *** | ** | *** | ||
品种×施氮处理V×N | ns | ** | ns | ns | ** | ns | ||
品种×年份V×Y | * | ns | * | ns | ns | ns | ||
施氮处理×年份N×Y | ns | * | ns | ns | ns | *** | ||
品种×施氮处理×年份V×N×Y | ns | ns | * | ns | ns | * |
年份 Year | 品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment | 氮肥偏生产力 PFPN (kg·kg-1) | 氮肥农学效率 ANUE (kg·kg-1) | 氮肥回收效率 NRE (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | YH988 | N0 | |||
N180U | 48.14c | 13.29cde | 11.91e | ||
N180C | 52.55abc | 16.50abc | 28.68abc | ||
N180C1 | 54.74ab | 18.73a | 30.63ab | ||
N180C2 | 49.85bc | 15.58abcd | 23.50cde | ||
N300U | 25.36e | 4.64g | 10.52e | ||
ZD958 | N0 | ||||
N180U | 50.14c | 12.92de | 14.41de | ||
N180C | 49.37c | 12.15e | 19.10cde | ||
N180C1 | 52.52abc | 15.30bcde | 23.48bcd | ||
N180C2 | 55.71a | 18.48ab | 35.07a | ||
N300U | 30.63d | 8.29f | 25.58abc | ||
2019 | YH988 | N0 | |||
N180U | 59.08ab | 9.58c | 12.31c | ||
N180C | 50.94b | 19.65b | 14.20bc | ||
N180C1 | 65.11a | 28.23a | 24.37abc | ||
N180C2 | 54.48b | 27.05a | 19.32abc | ||
N300U | 35.83d | 14.11bc | 19.85abc | ||
ZD958 | N0 | ||||
N180U | 57.73ab | 13.14bc | 23.77abc | ||
N180C | 58.20ab | 13.03bc | 20.04abc | ||
N180C1 | 56.87ab | 13.20bc | 21.51abc | ||
N180C2 | 59.85ab | 18.77b | 34.35a | ||
N300U | 34.36d | 8.65c | 30.23ab | ||
品种 Variety (V) | ns | ns | ** | ||
施氮处理Nitrogen application (N) | *** | *** | ** | ||
年份Year (Y) | *** | ns | ns | ||
品种×施氮处理V×N | ns | ns | ** | ||
品种×年份V×Y | ns | ns | ns | ||
施氮处理×年份N×Y | ns | ns | ns | ||
品种×施氮处理×年份V×N×Y | ns | ns | ns |
表3 不同氮肥处理下玉米的氮肥利用效率
Table 3 Nitrogen use efficiency of maize under different nitrogen treatments of different maize varieties
年份 Year | 品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment | 氮肥偏生产力 PFPN (kg·kg-1) | 氮肥农学效率 ANUE (kg·kg-1) | 氮肥回收效率 NRE (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | YH988 | N0 | |||
N180U | 48.14c | 13.29cde | 11.91e | ||
N180C | 52.55abc | 16.50abc | 28.68abc | ||
N180C1 | 54.74ab | 18.73a | 30.63ab | ||
N180C2 | 49.85bc | 15.58abcd | 23.50cde | ||
N300U | 25.36e | 4.64g | 10.52e | ||
ZD958 | N0 | ||||
N180U | 50.14c | 12.92de | 14.41de | ||
N180C | 49.37c | 12.15e | 19.10cde | ||
N180C1 | 52.52abc | 15.30bcde | 23.48bcd | ||
N180C2 | 55.71a | 18.48ab | 35.07a | ||
N300U | 30.63d | 8.29f | 25.58abc | ||
2019 | YH988 | N0 | |||
N180U | 59.08ab | 9.58c | 12.31c | ||
N180C | 50.94b | 19.65b | 14.20bc | ||
N180C1 | 65.11a | 28.23a | 24.37abc | ||
N180C2 | 54.48b | 27.05a | 19.32abc | ||
N300U | 35.83d | 14.11bc | 19.85abc | ||
ZD958 | N0 | ||||
N180U | 57.73ab | 13.14bc | 23.77abc | ||
N180C | 58.20ab | 13.03bc | 20.04abc | ||
N180C1 | 56.87ab | 13.20bc | 21.51abc | ||
N180C2 | 59.85ab | 18.77b | 34.35a | ||
N300U | 34.36d | 8.65c | 30.23ab | ||
品种 Variety (V) | ns | ns | ** | ||
施氮处理Nitrogen application (N) | *** | *** | ** | ||
年份Year (Y) | *** | ns | ns | ||
品种×施氮处理V×N | ns | ns | ** | ||
品种×年份V×Y | ns | ns | ns | ||
施氮处理×年份N×Y | ns | ns | ns | ||
品种×施氮处理×年份V×N×Y | ns | ns | ns |
年份 Year | 品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment | 肥料投入Fertilizer inputs (CNY·hm-2) | 人工投入Manual input (CNY·hm-2) | 其他投入Other inputs (CNY·hm-2) | 总投入 Total input (CNY·hm-2) | 产量收入 Production of income (CNY·hm-2) | 纯收益 Net income (CNY·hm-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | YH988 | N0 | 0 | 0 | 2811.6 | 2811.6 | 10240.9d | 7429.3de |
N180U | 807.9 | 1500 | 2811.6 | 5119.5 | 14020.0b | 8900.5b | ||
N180C | 3200.0 | 0 | 2811.6 | 6011.6 | 14932.1b | 8920.5b | ||
N180C1 | 1606.9 | 0 | 2811.6 | 4418.5 | 15568.0a | 11149.5a | ||
N180C2 | 2403.5 | 0 | 2811.6 | 5215.1 | 14671.4b | 9456.3b | ||
N300U | 1347.3 | 1500 | 2811.6 | 5658.9 | 12441.2c | 6782.3e | ||
ZD958 | N0 | 0 | 0 | 2895.0 | 2895.0 | 10586.9d | 7691.9de | |
N180U | 807.9 | 1500 | 2895.0 | 5202.9 | 14260.0b | 9057.1b | ||
N180C | 3200.0 | 0 | 2895.0 | 6095.0 | 14041.0b | 7946.0cd | ||
N180C1 | 1606.9 | 0 | 2895.0 | 4502.0 | 14938.0b | 10436.1a | ||
N180C2 | 2403.5 | 0 | 2895.0 | 5298.5 | 15843.6a | 10545.2a | ||
N300U | 1347.3 | 1500 | 2895.0 | 5742.3 | 14518.6b | 8776.3bc | ||
2019 | YH988 | N0 | 0 | 0 | 2811.6 | 2811.6 | 12395.5d | 9583.9bc |
N180U | 807.9 | 1500 | 2811.6 | 5119.5 | 16802.7b | 11683.2ab | ||
N180C | 3200.0 | 0 | 2811.6 | 6011.6 | 14487.8bc | 8476.2c | ||
N180C1 | 1606.9 | 0 | 2811.6 | 4418.5 | 18517.5a | 14099.0a | ||
N180C2 | 2403.5 | 0 | 2811.6 | 5215.1 | 15493.3bc | 10278.1b | ||
N300U | 1347.3 | 1500 | 2811.6 | 5658.9 | 17055.4ab | 11396.5a | ||
ZD958 | N0 | 0 | 0 | 2895.0 | 2895.0 | 13328.4c | 10433.4b | |
N180U | 807.9 | 1500 | 2895.0 | 5202.9 | 16417.2b | 11214.3ab | ||
N180C | 3200.0 | 0 | 2895.0 | 6095.0 | 16552.4b | 10457.4b | ||
N180C1 | 1606.9 | 0 | 2895.0 | 4502.0 | 16172.6b | 11670.6ab | ||
N180C2 | 2403.5 | 0 | 2895.0 | 5298.5 | 17020.0ab | 11721.5ab | ||
N300U | 1347.3 | 1500 | 2895.0 | 5742.3 | 16287.7b | 10545.5ab | ||
品种Variety (V) | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||
施氮处理Nitrogen application (N) | *** | *** | ns | *** | ** | ** | ||
年份Year (Y) | ns | ns | ns | ns | ** | *** | ||
品种×施氮处理V×N | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||
品种×年份V×Y | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||
施氮处理×年份N×Y | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||
品种×施氮处理×年份V×N×Y | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns |
表4 氮肥处理对不同品种夏玉米经济效益的影响
Table 4 Effects of nitrogen treatments on economic benefits of different maize varieties
年份 Year | 品种 Variety | 处理 Treatment | 肥料投入Fertilizer inputs (CNY·hm-2) | 人工投入Manual input (CNY·hm-2) | 其他投入Other inputs (CNY·hm-2) | 总投入 Total input (CNY·hm-2) | 产量收入 Production of income (CNY·hm-2) | 纯收益 Net income (CNY·hm-2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | YH988 | N0 | 0 | 0 | 2811.6 | 2811.6 | 10240.9d | 7429.3de |
N180U | 807.9 | 1500 | 2811.6 | 5119.5 | 14020.0b | 8900.5b | ||
N180C | 3200.0 | 0 | 2811.6 | 6011.6 | 14932.1b | 8920.5b | ||
N180C1 | 1606.9 | 0 | 2811.6 | 4418.5 | 15568.0a | 11149.5a | ||
N180C2 | 2403.5 | 0 | 2811.6 | 5215.1 | 14671.4b | 9456.3b | ||
N300U | 1347.3 | 1500 | 2811.6 | 5658.9 | 12441.2c | 6782.3e | ||
ZD958 | N0 | 0 | 0 | 2895.0 | 2895.0 | 10586.9d | 7691.9de | |
N180U | 807.9 | 1500 | 2895.0 | 5202.9 | 14260.0b | 9057.1b | ||
N180C | 3200.0 | 0 | 2895.0 | 6095.0 | 14041.0b | 7946.0cd | ||
N180C1 | 1606.9 | 0 | 2895.0 | 4502.0 | 14938.0b | 10436.1a | ||
N180C2 | 2403.5 | 0 | 2895.0 | 5298.5 | 15843.6a | 10545.2a | ||
N300U | 1347.3 | 1500 | 2895.0 | 5742.3 | 14518.6b | 8776.3bc | ||
2019 | YH988 | N0 | 0 | 0 | 2811.6 | 2811.6 | 12395.5d | 9583.9bc |
N180U | 807.9 | 1500 | 2811.6 | 5119.5 | 16802.7b | 11683.2ab | ||
N180C | 3200.0 | 0 | 2811.6 | 6011.6 | 14487.8bc | 8476.2c | ||
N180C1 | 1606.9 | 0 | 2811.6 | 4418.5 | 18517.5a | 14099.0a | ||
N180C2 | 2403.5 | 0 | 2811.6 | 5215.1 | 15493.3bc | 10278.1b | ||
N300U | 1347.3 | 1500 | 2811.6 | 5658.9 | 17055.4ab | 11396.5a | ||
ZD958 | N0 | 0 | 0 | 2895.0 | 2895.0 | 13328.4c | 10433.4b | |
N180U | 807.9 | 1500 | 2895.0 | 5202.9 | 16417.2b | 11214.3ab | ||
N180C | 3200.0 | 0 | 2895.0 | 6095.0 | 16552.4b | 10457.4b | ||
N180C1 | 1606.9 | 0 | 2895.0 | 4502.0 | 16172.6b | 11670.6ab | ||
N180C2 | 2403.5 | 0 | 2895.0 | 5298.5 | 17020.0ab | 11721.5ab | ||
N300U | 1347.3 | 1500 | 2895.0 | 5742.3 | 16287.7b | 10545.5ab | ||
品种Variety (V) | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||
施氮处理Nitrogen application (N) | *** | *** | ns | *** | ** | ** | ||
年份Year (Y) | ns | ns | ns | ns | ** | *** | ||
品种×施氮处理V×N | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||
品种×年份V×Y | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||
施氮处理×年份N×Y | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||
品种×施氮处理×年份V×N×Y | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns |
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