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草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 94-105.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020448

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

青海省青贮玉米链格孢叶枯病病原菌鉴定及其致病力分析

祁鹤兴1(), 芦光新1(), 李宗仁1, 徐成体2, 德科加2, 周孝娟1, 王英成1, 马桂花1   

  1. 1.青海大学农牧学院,青海 西宁 810016
    2.青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海 西宁 810016
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-13 修回日期:2020-12-28 出版日期:2021-05-21 发布日期:2021-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 芦光新
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: lugx74@qq.com
    祁鹤兴(1990-), 女, 青海西宁人, 讲师, 博士。E-mail:qhx390495559@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31860103);青海大学2020年科研启动金(4139040111);青海省饲草产业科技创新平台和小麦平台玉米功能室资助

Identification and pathogenicity of Alternaria leaf blight strains in silage maize in Qinghai Province

He-xing QI1(), Guang-xin LU1(), Zong-ren LI1, Cheng-ti XU2, Ke-jia DE2, Xiao-juan ZHOU1, Ying-cheng WANG1, Gui-hua MA1   

  1. 1.College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China
    2.Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China
  • Received:2020-10-13 Revised:2020-12-28 Online:2021-05-21 Published:2021-05-21
  • Contact: Guang-xin LU

摘要:

青贮玉米是青海省玉米发展的优势产业,但是链格孢叶枯病的发生对青贮玉米的品质和产量造成了影响。为了对青贮玉米链格孢叶枯病病原菌进行鉴定及对其致病力进行分析,本研究从青海省不同海拔高度青贮玉米种植区采集病叶,从中分离得到177株病原菌,根据菌落和孢子等的形态特征和rDNA-ITS序列分析对病原菌进行鉴定;根据对金皇828、铁研53号和中单2号青贮玉米的接种结果计算病情指数,对155株菌株致病力进行分析。结果表明交链格孢(Alternariaalternata)、极细链格孢(A. tenuissima)、致密链格孢(A. compacta)和Alternaria sp,分别占病原菌总数的28.2%、17.5%、15.2%和21.5%,为优势病原菌。155株病原菌都能侵染3种青贮玉米,接种铁研53号后强致病力菌株、中等致病力菌株和弱致病力菌株分别有68、56和31株;接种金皇828后强、中等和弱致病力菌株分别有69、60和26株;接种中单2号后强、中等和弱致病力菌株分别有64、58和33株。本研究结果表明青贮玉米链格孢叶枯病是由多种链格孢属真菌共同侵染造成的,且病原菌存在致病力分化。

关键词: 青贮玉米, 链格孢叶枯病, rDNA-ITS序列分析, 致病力

Abstract:

Silage maize is the dominant output of the developing maize industry in Qinghai Province. However, the occurrence of Alternaria leaf blight causes serious reductions in the quality and yield of silage maize. To identify the pathogens associated with Alternaria leaf blight in silage maize and analyze their virulence, infected leaves were collected from silage maize planting areas of different altitudes, then 177 isolates were isolated from lesions. For identification of these pathogens, colonial and conidium morphology were observed and rDNA-ITS sequences were amplified and analyzed. For analysis of pathogenicity, one hundred and fifty-five isolates were inoculated onto three silage maize varieties, Jinhuang 828, Tieyan 53 and Zhongdan 2, and a disease index was calculated. It was found that the proportions of AlternariaalternataA. tenuissimaA. compacta and Alternaria sp. were 28.2%, 17.5%, 15.2% and 21.5%, respectively, and these four species were dominant species among the pathogens. All the 155 isolates were able to infect all three silage maize varieties. For Tieyan 53, the numbers of strongly-pathogenic, moderately-pathogenic and weakly-pathogenic isolates were 68, 56 and 31, respectively. For Jinhuang 828, the corresponding numbers of strongly-, moderately- and weakly-pathogenic isolates were 69, 60 and 26, respectively. While for Zhongdan 2 the corresponding numbers of strongly-, moderately- and weakly-pathogenic isolates were 64, 58 and 33, respectively. This study demonstrates that many species of the Alternaria genus cause Alternaria leaf blight in maize silage, and the pathogens were pathogenically differentiated.

Key words: silage maize, Alternaria leaf blight, rDNA-ITS sequence analysis, pathogenicity