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草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 212-225.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023118

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    

激素调控植物分枝/分蘖的研究进展

陈奋奇(), 张金青, 马晖玲()   

  1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院,草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃省草业工程实验室,中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-11 修回日期:2023-05-22 出版日期:2024-02-20 发布日期:2023-12-12
  • 通讯作者: 马晖玲
  • 作者简介:E-mail: mahl@gsau.edu.cn
    陈奋奇(1994-),男,甘肃平凉人,在读博士。E-mail: 18893115958@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    苜蓿育种项目(2022ZD0401102)

Progress of research on hormone regulation of branching or tillering in plants

Fen-qi CHEN(), Jin-qing ZHANG, Hui-ling MA()   

  1. Pratacultural College,Gansu Agricultural University,Key Laboratory for Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education,Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province,Sino-U. S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Received:2023-04-11 Revised:2023-05-22 Online:2024-02-20 Published:2023-12-12
  • Contact: Hui-ling MA

摘要:

分枝/分蘖是植物株型的一个重要特征,也是腋芽起始和芽生长的结果,对经济作物的种子产量以及牧草产量均具有决定性作用。多种激素及其互作效应在植物分枝/分蘖的发生和生长发育过程中起着关键的调控作用,且环境因素也是通过改变植物体内激素含量及其平衡调控分枝的。本研究综述了多种激素对植物分枝/分蘖调控机制的多个方面,包括生长素、细胞分裂素、独脚金内酯、油菜素内酯、脱落酸和赤霉素、乙烯、茉莉酸及不同激素信号相互作用形成的复杂调控网络,旨在为利用激素调控机制培育具有理想株型的高产新作物品种奠定基础。同时分析了激素机制调控植物分枝/分蘖的现存问题,并展望了激素调控植物分枝/分蘖的研究方向,以期为通过激素调控改良作物株型提供理论依据。

关键词: 植物激素, 株型, 腋芽, 侧生分生组织, 分枝/分蘖

Abstract:

Branching (or tillering in grasses and related taxa) is an important trait of plant architecture and the result of axillary bud initiation and growth, which plays a crucial role in determining the seed yield of crops and forage yield. Multiple hormones and their interactions play key regulatory roles in the occurrence, growth and development of plant branching or tillering. In addition, environmental factors also regulate branching or tillering by changing the hormone contents and their balances within the plant. This study reviews multiple aspects of the mechanisms by which plant branching or tillering is regulated various hormones, including auxin, cytokinin, strigolactones, brassinosteroids, abscisic acid and gibberellins, ethylene, jasmonic acid, and complex regulatory networks formed by the interaction of different hormone signals. The aim is to establish a foundation for using hormone regulation mechanisms to cultivate new high-yielding crop plant growth forms with ideal plant architecture. The current issues with hormone regulation mechanisms controlling plant branching or tillering are also analyzed, and future research directions for hormone regulation mechanisms controlling plant branching or tillering are discussed, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for using hormones to cultivate good varieties.

Key words: plant hormones, plant architecture, axillary meristem, lateral meristems, branches/tillers