草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 13-27.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023122
收稿日期:
2023-04-17
修回日期:
2023-05-23
出版日期:
2024-02-20
发布日期:
2023-12-12
通讯作者:
李永华
作者简介:
E-mail: yhli@igsnrr.ac.cn基金资助:
Meng-ge ZHOU1,2(), Yong-hua LI1()
Received:
2023-04-17
Revised:
2023-05-23
Online:
2024-02-20
Published:
2023-12-12
Contact:
Yong-hua LI
摘要:
构建一个具有通用性的牧草产品质量安全指标体系,用以评估各区域的牧草产品质量安全水平,是完善国家生态草牧业体系建设的重要基础性工作。本研究在驱动力-压力-状态-影响-反应(DPSIR)模型概念框架下,基于已发布的饲草标准和文献统计资料,系统梳理影响牧草产品质量安全的相关指标,筛选出14个指标,即牛羊肉人均消费量、畜牧机械数量、保鲜存储设备数量、年日照时长、年降水总量、粗蛋白含量、中性洗涤纤维含量、酸性洗涤纤维含量、干物质消化率、牛肉年产量增长率、羊肉年产量增长率、牛羊出栏总量、地区条例标准出台个数、质量监管力度。采用层次分析法(AHP)量化各指标权重,发现粗蛋白含量的权重最高,中性和酸性洗涤纤维含量次之,保鲜存储设备数量权重最小。基于本研究构建的牧草产品质量安全评价指标体系,对青海省同德县和甘肃省山丹县的天然牧草产品进行质量安全评价,结果表明同德县的天然牧草产品质量安全高于山丹县,对应安全等级分别为二级、三级。牧草产品质量安全评价指标体系的构建,为提高牧草产品品质、保障奶畜养殖的安全及为草牧业发展提供科学指导。
周梦鸽, 李永华. 基于DPSIR模型的牧草产品质量安全评价指标体系构建及应用[J]. 草业学报, 2024, 33(2): 13-27.
Meng-ge ZHOU, Yong-hua LI. Establishment and application of a forage product quality and safety evaluation index system based on a ‘DPSIR’ model[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(2): 13-27.
指标 Index | 期刊出现频次 The frequency mentioned in journals | 标准出现频次 The frequency mentioned in standards | 参考文献(期刊/标准) References (journals/standards) |
---|---|---|---|
粗蛋白Crude protein | 37/38 | 13/15 | [ |
粗纤维/酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维Crude fiber/acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber | 34/38 | 11/15 | [ |
粗脂肪Crude fat | 25/38 | 1/15 | [ |
粗灰分Crude ash | 23/38 | 8/15 | [ |
钙、磷Ca, P | 13/38 | 0/15 | [ |
消化率Digestibility | 11/38 | 4/15 | [ |
干物质Dry matter | 10/38 | 3/15 | [ |
水分Moisture content | 10/38 | 11/15 | [ |
表1 牧草营养品质相关指标出现频次
Table 1 The frequency of occurrence of indicators related to forage nutritional quality
指标 Index | 期刊出现频次 The frequency mentioned in journals | 标准出现频次 The frequency mentioned in standards | 参考文献(期刊/标准) References (journals/standards) |
---|---|---|---|
粗蛋白Crude protein | 37/38 | 13/15 | [ |
粗纤维/酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维Crude fiber/acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber | 34/38 | 11/15 | [ |
粗脂肪Crude fat | 25/38 | 1/15 | [ |
粗灰分Crude ash | 23/38 | 8/15 | [ |
钙、磷Ca, P | 13/38 | 0/15 | [ |
消化率Digestibility | 11/38 | 4/15 | [ |
干物质Dry matter | 10/38 | 3/15 | [ |
水分Moisture content | 10/38 | 11/15 | [ |
项目Item | 标准Standards | 内容 Content |
---|---|---|
地方标准 Local standards | 饲料原料-燕麦干草Feed raw materials-Oat hay[ | 感官(颜色、质地、气味)、农药残留与转基因、水分、粗蛋白、粗灰分、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维。Sensory (color, texture, odor), pesticide residues and genetically modified, moisture, crude protein, crude ash, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber. |
饲草质量评价The evaluation of forage quality[ | 感官(颜色、质地、气味)、营养成分(水分、粗蛋白、粗灰分、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、淀粉)、发酵品质(中性洗涤纤维瘤胃液体外30 h降解率)、Jones指数、相对饲喂价值(RFV)、能量估值、溢价率。Sensory (color, texture, odor), nutritional components (moisture, crude protein, crude ash, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, starch), fermentation quality (in vitro degradation rate of neutral detergent fiber gastric juice within 30 hours), Jones index, relative feeding value (RFV), energy valuation, premium rate. | |
青贮玉米饲用价值评定The evaluation of corn silage feeding value[ | 感官(颜色、质地、气味)、营养成分(水分、粗蛋白、粗灰分、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、淀粉)、发酵品质(中性洗涤纤维瘤胃液体外30 h降解率、淀粉瘤胃液体外 7 小时降解率)、Jones指数、比例因子、能量估值。Sensory (color, texture, odor), nutritional components (moisture, crude protein, crude ash, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, starch), fermentation quality (degradation rate of neutral detergent fiber rumen fluid in vitro for 30 hours, degradation rate of starch rumen fluid in vitro for 7 hours), Jones index, proportion factor, energy valuation. | |
苜蓿青贮料质量分级Quality grading of alfalfa silage[ | 感官(颜色、质地、气味)、pH、氨态氮/总氮、乳酸、乙酸、丁酸、粗蛋白、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、干物质、粗灰分。Sensory (color, texture, odor), pH, ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen, lactic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid, crude protein, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, dry matter, crude ash. | |
国家标准National standard | 饲料用大豆 Soybean for feedstuffs[ | 感官(色泽、气味)、生霉粒、粗蛋白、水分、容重、不完善粒(未熟粒、虫蛀粒、病斑粒、生芽粒、生霉粒、冻伤粒、热损伤粒、破损粒)、脂肪酸。Sensory (color and odor), moldy grains, crude protein, moisture, bulk density, imperfect grains (immature grains, insect infested grains, lesion grains, sprouted grains, moldy grains, frostbitten grains, heat damaged grains, damaged grains), fatty acids. |
饲料用玉米 Maize for feedstuffs[ | 感官(色泽、气味)、生霉粒、粗蛋白、水分、容重、不完善粒(未熟粒、虫蛀粒、病斑粒、生芽粒、生霉粒、冻伤粒、热损伤粒、破损粒)、脂肪酸。Sensory (color, odor), moldy grains, crude protein, moisture, bulk density, imperfect grains (immature grains, insect infested grains, lesion grains, sprouted grains, moldy grains, frostbitten grains, heat damaged grains, damaged grains), fatty acids. | |
行业标准Industry standards | 苜蓿干草捆 Bale of alfalfa hay[ | 感官(颜色、质地、气味)、理化性质(水分、粗蛋白、粗灰分、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、杂草、相对饲料价值)。Sensory (color, texture, odor), physicochemical properties (moisture, crude protein, crude ash, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, weeds, relative feed value). |
苜蓿干草粉质量分级Quality grading of alfalfa meal[ | 感官(颜色、质地、气味)、水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、胡萝卜素(无有毒有害物质、抗氧化剂、防霉剂适量)。Sensory (color, texture, odor), moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, carotene (without toxic and harmful substances, antioxidants, and an appropriate amount of mold inhibitor). | |
饲料原料-高粱Feed material-Sorghum[ | 感官(色泽、气味)、单宁、容重、粗蛋白、水分、杂质、粗灰分、粗纤维、不完善粒(未熟粒、虫蛀粒、病斑粒、生芽粒、生霉粒、冻伤粒、热损伤粒、破损粒)。Sensory (color and odor), tannins, bulk density, crude protein, moisture, impurities, crude ash, crude fiber, imperfect grains (immature grains, insect infested grains, lesion grains, sprouting grains, moldy grains, frostbitten grains, heat damaged grains, damaged grains). | |
饲料原料-小麦Feed material-Wheat[ | 感官(色泽、气味)、容重、粗蛋白、水分、杂质。Sensory (color, odor), bulk density, crude protein, moisture, impurities. | |
饲料原料-小麦麸Feed material-Wheat bran[ | 感官(色泽、气味)、粗蛋白、粗灰分、粗纤维、水分。Sensory (color, odor), crude protein, crude ash, crude fiber and moisture. | |
饲料原料-皮大麦Feed material-Lemma barley[ | 感官(色泽、气味)、千粒重、粗蛋白、粗灰分、粗纤维、水分。Sensory (color, odor), thousand grain weight, crude protein, crude ash, crude fiber and moisture. | |
新西兰、澳大利亚New Zealand, Australia | 饲料价值指数Feed value index [ | 产量、干物质、粗蛋白、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、消化率。Yield, dry matter, crude protein, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, digestibility. |
美国The United States of America | 相对饲用价值Relative feed value [ | 随意采食量、可消化干物质、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维。Random feed intake, digestible dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber. |
爱尔兰Ireland | 牧场利润指数Pasture profit index [ | 季节性产量、消化率、青贮产量、代谢能、持久性(持续性的遗传力)。Seasonal yield, digestibility, silage yield, metabolic energy, persistence (persistent heritability). |
表2 饲料标准汇总
Table 2 Summary of feed standards
项目Item | 标准Standards | 内容 Content |
---|---|---|
地方标准 Local standards | 饲料原料-燕麦干草Feed raw materials-Oat hay[ | 感官(颜色、质地、气味)、农药残留与转基因、水分、粗蛋白、粗灰分、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维。Sensory (color, texture, odor), pesticide residues and genetically modified, moisture, crude protein, crude ash, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber. |
饲草质量评价The evaluation of forage quality[ | 感官(颜色、质地、气味)、营养成分(水分、粗蛋白、粗灰分、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、淀粉)、发酵品质(中性洗涤纤维瘤胃液体外30 h降解率)、Jones指数、相对饲喂价值(RFV)、能量估值、溢价率。Sensory (color, texture, odor), nutritional components (moisture, crude protein, crude ash, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, starch), fermentation quality (in vitro degradation rate of neutral detergent fiber gastric juice within 30 hours), Jones index, relative feeding value (RFV), energy valuation, premium rate. | |
青贮玉米饲用价值评定The evaluation of corn silage feeding value[ | 感官(颜色、质地、气味)、营养成分(水分、粗蛋白、粗灰分、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、淀粉)、发酵品质(中性洗涤纤维瘤胃液体外30 h降解率、淀粉瘤胃液体外 7 小时降解率)、Jones指数、比例因子、能量估值。Sensory (color, texture, odor), nutritional components (moisture, crude protein, crude ash, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, starch), fermentation quality (degradation rate of neutral detergent fiber rumen fluid in vitro for 30 hours, degradation rate of starch rumen fluid in vitro for 7 hours), Jones index, proportion factor, energy valuation. | |
苜蓿青贮料质量分级Quality grading of alfalfa silage[ | 感官(颜色、质地、气味)、pH、氨态氮/总氮、乳酸、乙酸、丁酸、粗蛋白、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、干物质、粗灰分。Sensory (color, texture, odor), pH, ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen, lactic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid, crude protein, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, dry matter, crude ash. | |
国家标准National standard | 饲料用大豆 Soybean for feedstuffs[ | 感官(色泽、气味)、生霉粒、粗蛋白、水分、容重、不完善粒(未熟粒、虫蛀粒、病斑粒、生芽粒、生霉粒、冻伤粒、热损伤粒、破损粒)、脂肪酸。Sensory (color and odor), moldy grains, crude protein, moisture, bulk density, imperfect grains (immature grains, insect infested grains, lesion grains, sprouted grains, moldy grains, frostbitten grains, heat damaged grains, damaged grains), fatty acids. |
饲料用玉米 Maize for feedstuffs[ | 感官(色泽、气味)、生霉粒、粗蛋白、水分、容重、不完善粒(未熟粒、虫蛀粒、病斑粒、生芽粒、生霉粒、冻伤粒、热损伤粒、破损粒)、脂肪酸。Sensory (color, odor), moldy grains, crude protein, moisture, bulk density, imperfect grains (immature grains, insect infested grains, lesion grains, sprouted grains, moldy grains, frostbitten grains, heat damaged grains, damaged grains), fatty acids. | |
行业标准Industry standards | 苜蓿干草捆 Bale of alfalfa hay[ | 感官(颜色、质地、气味)、理化性质(水分、粗蛋白、粗灰分、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、杂草、相对饲料价值)。Sensory (color, texture, odor), physicochemical properties (moisture, crude protein, crude ash, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, weeds, relative feed value). |
苜蓿干草粉质量分级Quality grading of alfalfa meal[ | 感官(颜色、质地、气味)、水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、胡萝卜素(无有毒有害物质、抗氧化剂、防霉剂适量)。Sensory (color, texture, odor), moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, carotene (without toxic and harmful substances, antioxidants, and an appropriate amount of mold inhibitor). | |
饲料原料-高粱Feed material-Sorghum[ | 感官(色泽、气味)、单宁、容重、粗蛋白、水分、杂质、粗灰分、粗纤维、不完善粒(未熟粒、虫蛀粒、病斑粒、生芽粒、生霉粒、冻伤粒、热损伤粒、破损粒)。Sensory (color and odor), tannins, bulk density, crude protein, moisture, impurities, crude ash, crude fiber, imperfect grains (immature grains, insect infested grains, lesion grains, sprouting grains, moldy grains, frostbitten grains, heat damaged grains, damaged grains). | |
饲料原料-小麦Feed material-Wheat[ | 感官(色泽、气味)、容重、粗蛋白、水分、杂质。Sensory (color, odor), bulk density, crude protein, moisture, impurities. | |
饲料原料-小麦麸Feed material-Wheat bran[ | 感官(色泽、气味)、粗蛋白、粗灰分、粗纤维、水分。Sensory (color, odor), crude protein, crude ash, crude fiber and moisture. | |
饲料原料-皮大麦Feed material-Lemma barley[ | 感官(色泽、气味)、千粒重、粗蛋白、粗灰分、粗纤维、水分。Sensory (color, odor), thousand grain weight, crude protein, crude ash, crude fiber and moisture. | |
新西兰、澳大利亚New Zealand, Australia | 饲料价值指数Feed value index [ | 产量、干物质、粗蛋白、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、消化率。Yield, dry matter, crude protein, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, digestibility. |
美国The United States of America | 相对饲用价值Relative feed value [ | 随意采食量、可消化干物质、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维。Random feed intake, digestible dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber. |
爱尔兰Ireland | 牧场利润指数Pasture profit index [ | 季节性产量、消化率、青贮产量、代谢能、持久性(持续性的遗传力)。Seasonal yield, digestibility, silage yield, metabolic energy, persistence (persistent heritability). |
目标层 Target layer | 准则层 Criterion layer | 指标层 Indicator layer | 单位 Unit | 趋向性 Tendency |
---|---|---|---|---|
牧草产品质量安全指标 Quality and safety index of forage products (A) | 驱动力Driving forces (B1) | 牛羊肉人均消费量Per capita consumption of beef and mutton (C1) | 千克 kg | 正Positive |
畜牧机械数量Number of livestock machinery (C2) | 台units | 正Positive | ||
保鲜存储设备数量Number of fresh storage equipment (C3) | 台units | 正Positive | ||
压力Pressure (B2) | 年日照时长Annual sunshine duration (C4) | 小时 h | 正Positive | |
年降水量Annual precipitation (C5) | 毫米 mm | 正/负Positive/negative | ||
状态State (B3) | 粗蛋白含量Crude protein content (C6) | 百分数 % | 正Positive | |
中性洗涤纤维含量Neutral detergent fiber content (C7) | 百分数 % | 正Positive | ||
酸性洗涤纤维含量Acid detergent fiber content (C8) | 百分数 % | 正Positive | ||
干物质消化率Dry matter digestibility (C9) | 百分数 % | 正Positive | ||
影响Impact (B4) | 牛肉产量增长率Growth rate of beef production (C10) | 百分数 % | 正Positive | |
羊肉产量增长率Growth rate of mutton production (C11) | 百分数 % | 正Positive | ||
牛羊出栏总量Total number of cattle and sheep slaughtered (C12) | 万头×104 No.. | 正Positive | ||
响应 Response (B5) | 条例标准出台个数Number of regulations and standards introduced (C13) | 条数Articles | 正Positive | |
质量监管力度(检测频次)Quality supervision intensity (inspection frequency) (C14) | 次·月-1 Times·month-1 | 正Positive |
表3 牧草产品质量安全评价指标体系
Table 3 Quality and safety evaluation index system of forage products
目标层 Target layer | 准则层 Criterion layer | 指标层 Indicator layer | 单位 Unit | 趋向性 Tendency |
---|---|---|---|---|
牧草产品质量安全指标 Quality and safety index of forage products (A) | 驱动力Driving forces (B1) | 牛羊肉人均消费量Per capita consumption of beef and mutton (C1) | 千克 kg | 正Positive |
畜牧机械数量Number of livestock machinery (C2) | 台units | 正Positive | ||
保鲜存储设备数量Number of fresh storage equipment (C3) | 台units | 正Positive | ||
压力Pressure (B2) | 年日照时长Annual sunshine duration (C4) | 小时 h | 正Positive | |
年降水量Annual precipitation (C5) | 毫米 mm | 正/负Positive/negative | ||
状态State (B3) | 粗蛋白含量Crude protein content (C6) | 百分数 % | 正Positive | |
中性洗涤纤维含量Neutral detergent fiber content (C7) | 百分数 % | 正Positive | ||
酸性洗涤纤维含量Acid detergent fiber content (C8) | 百分数 % | 正Positive | ||
干物质消化率Dry matter digestibility (C9) | 百分数 % | 正Positive | ||
影响Impact (B4) | 牛肉产量增长率Growth rate of beef production (C10) | 百分数 % | 正Positive | |
羊肉产量增长率Growth rate of mutton production (C11) | 百分数 % | 正Positive | ||
牛羊出栏总量Total number of cattle and sheep slaughtered (C12) | 万头×104 No.. | 正Positive | ||
响应 Response (B5) | 条例标准出台个数Number of regulations and standards introduced (C13) | 条数Articles | 正Positive | |
质量监管力度(检测频次)Quality supervision intensity (inspection frequency) (C14) | 次·月-1 Times·month-1 | 正Positive |
标度Scale | 含义Meaning |
---|---|
1 | 表示两个因素相比,具有同样重要性。Indicates that the two factors are equally important. |
3 | 表示两个因素相比,一个因素比另一个因素稍微重要。Indicates that one factor is slightly more important than the other. |
5 | 表示两个因素相比,一个因素比另一个因素明显重要。Indicates that one factor is significantly more important than the other. |
7 | 表示两个因素相比,一个因素比另一个因素强烈重要。Indicates that one factor is strongly more important than the other. |
9 | 表示两个因素相比,一个因素比另一个因素极端重要。Indicates that one factor is extremely important than the other. |
2,4,6,8 | 表示上述两相邻判断的中间值。Represents the intermediate value of the two adjacent judgments mentioned above. |
表4 量化标度含义
Table 4 Quantitative scale meaning
标度Scale | 含义Meaning |
---|---|
1 | 表示两个因素相比,具有同样重要性。Indicates that the two factors are equally important. |
3 | 表示两个因素相比,一个因素比另一个因素稍微重要。Indicates that one factor is slightly more important than the other. |
5 | 表示两个因素相比,一个因素比另一个因素明显重要。Indicates that one factor is significantly more important than the other. |
7 | 表示两个因素相比,一个因素比另一个因素强烈重要。Indicates that one factor is strongly more important than the other. |
9 | 表示两个因素相比,一个因素比另一个因素极端重要。Indicates that one factor is extremely important than the other. |
2,4,6,8 | 表示上述两相邻判断的中间值。Represents the intermediate value of the two adjacent judgments mentioned above. |
A | A | 权重 Weight | 一致性检验 Consistency testing | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | |||
B1 | 1 | 1/2 | 1/7 | 1/3 | 1/2 | 0.0650 | λmax=5.1230 CI=0.0306 CR=0.0275 |
B2 | 2 | 1 | 1/3 | 2 | 2 | 0.1946 | |
B3 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 0.4851 | |
B4 | 3 | 1/2 | 1/3 | 1 | 2 | 0.1575 | |
B5 | 2 | 1/2 | 1/5 | 1/2 | 1 | 0.0978 |
表5 目标层对准则层的比较判断矩阵、指标权重及一致性检验
Table 5 Comparison and judgment matrix, indicator weights, and consistency testing of target layer against criterion layer
A | A | 权重 Weight | 一致性检验 Consistency testing | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | |||
B1 | 1 | 1/2 | 1/7 | 1/3 | 1/2 | 0.0650 | λmax=5.1230 CI=0.0306 CR=0.0275 |
B2 | 2 | 1 | 1/3 | 2 | 2 | 0.1946 | |
B3 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 0.4851 | |
B4 | 3 | 1/2 | 1/3 | 1 | 2 | 0.1575 | |
B5 | 2 | 1/2 | 1/5 | 1/2 | 1 | 0.0978 |
B1 | B1 | 权重 Weight | 一致性检验 Consistency testing | B4 | B4 | 权重 Weight | 一致性检验 Consistency testing | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 | C6 | ||||||||
C1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 0.5714 | λmax=3 CI=0 CR=0 | C10 | 1 | 1 | 1/2 | 0.2500 | λmax=3 CI=0 CR=0 | ||
C2 | 1/2 | 1 | 2 | 0.2858 | C11 | 1 | 1 | 1/2 | 0.2500 | ||||
C3 | 1.4 | 1/2 | 1 | 0.1429 | C12 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0.5000 | ||||
B3 | B3 | 权重 Weight | 一致性检验 Consistency testing | ||||||||||
C7 | C8 | C9 | C10 | ||||||||||
C6 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 0.4236 | λmax=4.0104 CI=0.0035 CR=0.0038 | |||||||
C7 | 1/2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0.2270 | ||||||||
C8 | 1/2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0.2270 | ||||||||
C9 | 1/3 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1 | 0.1223 | ||||||||
B2 | B2 | 权重 Weight | 一致性检验 Consistency testing | B5 | B5 | 权重 Weight | 一致性检验 Consistency testing | ||||||
C4 | C5 | C13 | C14 | ||||||||||
C4 | 1 | 1 | 0.5000 | λmax=2 CI=0 CR=NaN | C13 | 1 | 1 | 0.5000 | λmax=2 CI=0 CR=NaN | ||||
C5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5000 | C14 | 1 | 1 | 0.5000 |
表6 准则层对标准层的比较判断矩阵、指标权重及一致性检验
Table 6 Comparison and judgment matrix, indicator weights, and consistency testing of criterion layer to standard layer
B1 | B1 | 权重 Weight | 一致性检验 Consistency testing | B4 | B4 | 权重 Weight | 一致性检验 Consistency testing | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 | C6 | ||||||||
C1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 0.5714 | λmax=3 CI=0 CR=0 | C10 | 1 | 1 | 1/2 | 0.2500 | λmax=3 CI=0 CR=0 | ||
C2 | 1/2 | 1 | 2 | 0.2858 | C11 | 1 | 1 | 1/2 | 0.2500 | ||||
C3 | 1.4 | 1/2 | 1 | 0.1429 | C12 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0.5000 | ||||
B3 | B3 | 权重 Weight | 一致性检验 Consistency testing | ||||||||||
C7 | C8 | C9 | C10 | ||||||||||
C6 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 0.4236 | λmax=4.0104 CI=0.0035 CR=0.0038 | |||||||
C7 | 1/2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0.2270 | ||||||||
C8 | 1/2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0.2270 | ||||||||
C9 | 1/3 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 1 | 0.1223 | ||||||||
B2 | B2 | 权重 Weight | 一致性检验 Consistency testing | B5 | B5 | 权重 Weight | 一致性检验 Consistency testing | ||||||
C4 | C5 | C13 | C14 | ||||||||||
C4 | 1 | 1 | 0.5000 | λmax=2 CI=0 CR=NaN | C13 | 1 | 1 | 0.5000 | λmax=2 CI=0 CR=NaN | ||||
C5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5000 | C14 | 1 | 1 | 0.5000 |
目标层 Target layer | 准则层(权重) Criterion layer (weight) | 指标层 Indicator layer | 等级 Rank | 分值 Score | 综合权重Comprehensive weight |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
牧草产品质量安全指标 Quality and safety index of forage products | 驱动力Driving forces (0.0650) | 牛羊肉人均消费量Per capita consumption of beef and mutton | >10 kg | 100~80 | 0.0371 |
5~10 kg | 80~60 | ||||
<5 kg | <60 | ||||
畜牧机械数量Number of livestock machinery | >1000 units | 100~80 | 0.0186 | ||
100~1000 units | 80~60 | ||||
<100 units | <60 | ||||
保鲜存储设备数量Number of fresh storage equipment | >100 units | 100~80 | 0.0093 | ||
10~100 units | 80~60 | ||||
<10 units | <60 | ||||
压力Pressure (0.1946) | 年日照时长Annual sunshine duration | >3200 h | 100~80 | 0.0973 | |
2400~3200 h | 80~60 | ||||
<2400 h | <60 | ||||
年降水量Annual precipitation | 600~800 mm | 100~80 | 0.0973 | ||
400~600 mm | 80~60 | ||||
>800 mm, <400 mm | <60 | ||||
状态 State (0.4851) | 粗蛋白含量Crude protein content | >17% | 100~80 | 0.2055 | |
13%~17% | 80~60 | ||||
<13% | <60 | ||||
中性洗涤纤维含量Neutral detergent fiber content | <46% | 100~80 | 0.1101 | ||
46%~54% | 80~60 | ||||
>54% | <60 | ||||
酸性洗涤纤维含量Acid detergent fiber content | <35% | 100~80 | 0.1101 | ||
35%~42% | 80~60 | ||||
>42% | <60 | ||||
干物质消化率Dry matter digestibility | >62% | 100~80 | 0.0593 | ||
57%~62% | 80~60 | ||||
<57% | <60 | ||||
影响Impact (0.1575) | 牛肉产量增长率Growth rate of beef production | 年增长率>10% Annual growth rate>10% | 100~80 | 0.0394 | |
5%<年增长率<10% 5%<Annual growth rate<10% | 80~60 | ||||
年增长率<5% Annual growth rate<5% | <60 | ||||
羊肉产量增长率Growth rate of mutton production | 年增长率>10%Annual growth rate>10% | 100~80 | 0.0394 | ||
5%<年增长率<10% 5%<Annual growth rate<10% | 80~60 | ||||
年增长率<5% Annual growth rate<5% | <60 | ||||
牛羊出栏总数Total number of cattle and sheep slaughtered | >100 万头 >1 million head | 100~80 | 0.0787 | ||
50 万~100 万头500000-1 million head | 80~60 | ||||
<50 万头 <500000 head | <60 | ||||
响应Response (0.0978) | 条例标准出台情况Number of regulations and standards introduced | >50 条 >50 articles | 100~80 | 0.0489 | |
10~50 条 10-50 articles | 80~60 | ||||
<10 条 <10 articles | <60 | ||||
质量监管力度(检测频次)Quality supervision intensity (testing frequency) | >2次·月-1>2 Times·month-1 | 100~80 | 0.0489 | ||
1~2次·月-1 1~2 Times·month-1 | 80~60 | ||||
<1次·月-1 <1 Times·month-1 | <60 |
表7 牧草产品质量安全评价指标体系
Table 7 Quality and safety evaluation index system for grass products
目标层 Target layer | 准则层(权重) Criterion layer (weight) | 指标层 Indicator layer | 等级 Rank | 分值 Score | 综合权重Comprehensive weight |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
牧草产品质量安全指标 Quality and safety index of forage products | 驱动力Driving forces (0.0650) | 牛羊肉人均消费量Per capita consumption of beef and mutton | >10 kg | 100~80 | 0.0371 |
5~10 kg | 80~60 | ||||
<5 kg | <60 | ||||
畜牧机械数量Number of livestock machinery | >1000 units | 100~80 | 0.0186 | ||
100~1000 units | 80~60 | ||||
<100 units | <60 | ||||
保鲜存储设备数量Number of fresh storage equipment | >100 units | 100~80 | 0.0093 | ||
10~100 units | 80~60 | ||||
<10 units | <60 | ||||
压力Pressure (0.1946) | 年日照时长Annual sunshine duration | >3200 h | 100~80 | 0.0973 | |
2400~3200 h | 80~60 | ||||
<2400 h | <60 | ||||
年降水量Annual precipitation | 600~800 mm | 100~80 | 0.0973 | ||
400~600 mm | 80~60 | ||||
>800 mm, <400 mm | <60 | ||||
状态 State (0.4851) | 粗蛋白含量Crude protein content | >17% | 100~80 | 0.2055 | |
13%~17% | 80~60 | ||||
<13% | <60 | ||||
中性洗涤纤维含量Neutral detergent fiber content | <46% | 100~80 | 0.1101 | ||
46%~54% | 80~60 | ||||
>54% | <60 | ||||
酸性洗涤纤维含量Acid detergent fiber content | <35% | 100~80 | 0.1101 | ||
35%~42% | 80~60 | ||||
>42% | <60 | ||||
干物质消化率Dry matter digestibility | >62% | 100~80 | 0.0593 | ||
57%~62% | 80~60 | ||||
<57% | <60 | ||||
影响Impact (0.1575) | 牛肉产量增长率Growth rate of beef production | 年增长率>10% Annual growth rate>10% | 100~80 | 0.0394 | |
5%<年增长率<10% 5%<Annual growth rate<10% | 80~60 | ||||
年增长率<5% Annual growth rate<5% | <60 | ||||
羊肉产量增长率Growth rate of mutton production | 年增长率>10%Annual growth rate>10% | 100~80 | 0.0394 | ||
5%<年增长率<10% 5%<Annual growth rate<10% | 80~60 | ||||
年增长率<5% Annual growth rate<5% | <60 | ||||
牛羊出栏总数Total number of cattle and sheep slaughtered | >100 万头 >1 million head | 100~80 | 0.0787 | ||
50 万~100 万头500000-1 million head | 80~60 | ||||
<50 万头 <500000 head | <60 | ||||
响应Response (0.0978) | 条例标准出台情况Number of regulations and standards introduced | >50 条 >50 articles | 100~80 | 0.0489 | |
10~50 条 10-50 articles | 80~60 | ||||
<10 条 <10 articles | <60 | ||||
质量监管力度(检测频次)Quality supervision intensity (testing frequency) | >2次·月-1>2 Times·month-1 | 100~80 | 0.0489 | ||
1~2次·月-1 1~2 Times·month-1 | 80~60 | ||||
<1次·月-1 <1 Times·month-1 | <60 |
分数 Score | 牧草产品质量安全等级 Quality and safety grade of forage products |
---|---|
80~100 | 一级 Grade Ⅰ |
70~80 | 二级 Grade II |
60~70 | 三级 Grade III |
<60 | 四级 Grade IV |
表8 牧草产品质量安全等级划分
Table 8 Classification of quality and safety grade for forage products
分数 Score | 牧草产品质量安全等级 Quality and safety grade of forage products |
---|---|
80~100 | 一级 Grade Ⅰ |
70~80 | 二级 Grade II |
60~70 | 三级 Grade III |
<60 | 四级 Grade IV |
指标 Index | 同德县 Tongde County | 分数 Score | 山丹县 Shandan County | 分数 Score |
---|---|---|---|---|
牛羊肉人均消费量Per capita consumption of beef and mutton (kg) | 14.50 | 90 | 3.82 | 48 |
畜牧机械数量Number of livestock machinery (units) | 6 | 20 | 2392 | 95 |
保鲜存储设备数量Number of fresh storage equipment (units) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
年日照时长Annual sunshine duration (h) | 2457.1 | 61 | 2820.5 | 77 |
年降水量Annual precipitation (mm) | 465.7 | 66 | 222.6 | 45 |
粗蛋白含量Crude protein content (%) | 13.73 | 68 | 9.80 | 43 |
中性洗涤纤维含量Neutral detergent fiber content (%) | 44.45 | 86 | 50.60 | 70 |
酸性洗涤纤维含量Acid detergent fiber content (%) | 24.77 | 91 | 34.40 | 82 |
干物质消化率Dry matter digestibility (%) | 78.31 | 97 | 55.10 | 53 |
牛肉产量增长率Growth rate of beef production (%) | 29.40 | 92 | 106.88 | 100 |
羊肉产量增长率Growth rate of mutton production (%) | -3.20 | 20 | 10.41 | 83 |
牛羊出栏总量Total number of cattle and sheep slaughtered (×104) | 40.69 | 61 | 62.20 | 72 |
条例标准出台个数Number of regulations and standards introduced | 25 | 77 | 16 | 68 |
质量监管力度(检测频次)Quality supervision intensity (inspection frequency) | 1次·月-1 One times·month-1 | 70 | 1次·月-1 One times·month-1 | 70 |
表9 同德县和山丹县牧草产品得分情况
Table 9 Scoring of grass products in Tongde County and Shandan County
指标 Index | 同德县 Tongde County | 分数 Score | 山丹县 Shandan County | 分数 Score |
---|---|---|---|---|
牛羊肉人均消费量Per capita consumption of beef and mutton (kg) | 14.50 | 90 | 3.82 | 48 |
畜牧机械数量Number of livestock machinery (units) | 6 | 20 | 2392 | 95 |
保鲜存储设备数量Number of fresh storage equipment (units) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
年日照时长Annual sunshine duration (h) | 2457.1 | 61 | 2820.5 | 77 |
年降水量Annual precipitation (mm) | 465.7 | 66 | 222.6 | 45 |
粗蛋白含量Crude protein content (%) | 13.73 | 68 | 9.80 | 43 |
中性洗涤纤维含量Neutral detergent fiber content (%) | 44.45 | 86 | 50.60 | 70 |
酸性洗涤纤维含量Acid detergent fiber content (%) | 24.77 | 91 | 34.40 | 82 |
干物质消化率Dry matter digestibility (%) | 78.31 | 97 | 55.10 | 53 |
牛肉产量增长率Growth rate of beef production (%) | 29.40 | 92 | 106.88 | 100 |
羊肉产量增长率Growth rate of mutton production (%) | -3.20 | 20 | 10.41 | 83 |
牛羊出栏总量Total number of cattle and sheep slaughtered (×104) | 40.69 | 61 | 62.20 | 72 |
条例标准出台个数Number of regulations and standards introduced | 25 | 77 | 16 | 68 |
质量监管力度(检测频次)Quality supervision intensity (inspection frequency) | 1次·月-1 One times·month-1 | 70 | 1次·月-1 One times·month-1 | 70 |
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