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草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (9): 227-241.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023384

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

全生命周期视角下甘南黄河水源补给区畜牧业碳足迹估算及时空格局分析

李晓榕1(), 陈强强1,2()   

  1. 1.甘肃农业大学财经学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.甘肃省生态建设与环境保护研究中心,甘肃 兰州 730030
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-17 修回日期:2024-01-15 出版日期:2024-09-20 发布日期:2024-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 陈强强
  • 作者简介:E-mail: jjglxy666@126.com
    李晓榕(1999-),女,甘肃民勤人,在读硕士。E-mail: lxr110516@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金项目(21BJY117);甘肃农业大学青年导师基金项目(GAU-QDFC-2022-20);甘肃省创新之星项目(2023CXZX-662)

A full life cycle carbon footprint calculation and analysis of spatial-temporal pattern for livestock industries in the Yellow River water supply area of Gannan

Xiao-rong LI1(), Qiang-qiang CHEN1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Finance and Economics,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.Research Center for Ecological Construction and Environmental Protection of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730030,China
  • Received:2023-10-17 Revised:2024-01-15 Online:2024-09-20 Published:2024-06-20
  • Contact: Qiang-qiang CHEN

摘要:

客观认知畜牧业碳动态及其时空格局是夯实区域畜牧业低碳和生态化发展的科学基础。本研究基于2000-2020年甘南黄河水源补给区县域尺度的畜牧业生产投入数据,运用全生命周期法估算畜牧业碳足迹,揭示其时空变化和结构特征,应用空间自相关分析探讨畜牧业碳足迹的空间格局。结果表明:1)甘南黄河水源补给区畜牧业碳足迹整体呈上升态势,年均增长率为1.80%,且历经快速增长-缓慢下降后回升-波动下降3个时序变化阶段。2)产中环节的牲畜肠胃发酵和粪便管理环节产生的大量CH4、N2O是温室气体“俱乐部”,羊、牛的CH4、N2O排放量不断增加且远高于其他牲畜。3)玛曲县一直是畜牧业碳足迹的超重型区,重型区演化表现出波动态势,但主要集中于碌曲县和夏河县,临夏县、积石山县、和政县畜牧业碳足迹处于轻型,合作市、卓尼县、临潭县则处于中型排放;畜牧业碳足迹总量由大到小依次为牧区>农区>半农半牧区。4)补给区畜牧业碳足迹总体空间格局呈现“北冷南热”“西热东冷”的特征;县域尺度下,玛曲县、碌曲县是高碳集聚区,合作市、和政县、康乐县呈“低碳锁定”效应。因地制宜制订差异化的区域畜牧业发展策略,有助于推动减少畜牧业碳足迹数量以实现畜牧业低碳转型。

关键词: 碳足迹, 温室气体, 全生命周期法, 畜牧业, 时空格局, 甘南黄河水源补给区

Abstract:

Gaining an objective understanding of the carbon dynamics of animal husbandry and its spatial and temporal pattern is the scientific basis for low-carbon and ecological development of regional animal husbandry. This study was based on data relating to animal husbandry and production at the county scale in the Yellow River water supply area of Gannan from 2000 to 2020 as an input, and used the whole life cycle method to estimate the carbon footprint of animal husbandry, and the industry spatial and temporal changes and structural characteristics. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was applied to explore the spatial pattern of the animal husbandry carbon footprint. The results showed that: 1) The animal husbandry carbon footprint in the Yellow River water supply area of Gannan showed, on the whole, an overall upward trend with an average annual growth rate of 1.80%. Three stages were revealed: a rapid growth stage, a slow decline and then rebound stage, and a fluctuating decline stage. 2) It was noted that the amount of CH4 and N2O produced by livestock gastrointestinal fermentation and fecal management during the production process is particularly large for ruminant animals. The CH4 and N2O emissions of sheep and cattle have increased substantially and been much higher than those of other livestock. 3) Maqu County has always been an area with a super-heavy animal husbandry carbon footprint. The emergence of areas with a heavy footprint showed a fluctuating trend, but was mainly concentrated in Luqu County and Xiahe County. The animal husbandry carbon footprint in Linxia County, Jishishan County and Hezheng County remained light, while that in Hezuo City, Zhuoni County and Lintan County was medium. The ranking of the total animal husbandry carbon footprint from largest to smallest was pastoral areas>agricultural areas>semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral area. 4) The overall spatial pattern of the animal husbandry carbon footprint in the study area was one of increase from north to south and from east to west. At the county scale, Maqu County and Luqu County were high-carbon emission or ‘hot-spot’ areas, and Hezuo City, Hezheng County and Kangle County were ‘cold-spot’ areas with notably low carbon emissions. The formulation of differentiated regional animal husbandry development strategies according to local conditions, and the promotion of ‘low-emission’ animal husbandry practices will help reduce the animal husbandry carbon footprint so as to achieve low-carbon transformation for animal husbandry in the area.

Key words: carbon footprint, greenhouse gas, full life cycle method, livestock industry, spatial-temporal pattern, the Yellow River water supply area of Gannan