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草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (8): 109-122.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024367

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

准噶尔荒漠梭梭和柽柳根际土壤微生物功能基因丰度变化特征

马红钰1,2(), 周小国1,2, 王宝1,2, 宋渝川1,2, 艾克热木·阿不拉提江null1,2, 蒋邵丽1,2, 闵九洲1,2, 赵红梅1,2, 程军回1,2()   

  1. 1.新疆农业大学资源与环境学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
    2.新疆土壤与植物生态过程重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-25 修回日期:2024-11-11 出版日期:2025-08-20 发布日期:2025-06-16
  • 通讯作者: 程军回
  • 作者简介:E-mail: cjhgraymice@126.com
    马红钰(2000-),女,河南焦作人,在读硕士。E-mail: hongy_m@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(32260280)

Differences in soil microbial functional gene abundance between rhizosphere soils of Haloxylon ammodendron and Tamarix chinensis in the Junggar Desert

Hong-yu MA1,2(), Xiao-guo ZHOU1,2, Bao WANG1,2, Yu-chuan SONG1,2, Aikeremu·Abulatijiang1,2, Shao-li JIANG1,2, Jiu-zhou MIN1,2, Hong-mei ZHAO1,2, Jun-hui CHENG1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Resources and Environment of Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China
    2.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes,Urumqi 830052,China
  • Received:2024-09-25 Revised:2024-11-11 Online:2025-08-20 Published:2025-06-16
  • Contact: Jun-hui CHENG

摘要:

大量研究表明,陆地生态系统中养分循环显著受到土壤微生物功能基因丰度(soil microbial functional gene abundance, SMFGA)变化的影响。目前,有关荒漠生态系统灌木根际土壤中SMFGA的变化特征仍所知甚少。基于此,本研究以准噶尔荒漠两种共存的优势灌木梭梭和柽柳为目标植物,在采集二者根际和株间空地表层土壤(0~10 cm)的基础上,通过宏基因组测序分析了与土壤碳、氮、磷循环相关的67个SMFGA,旨在揭示根际土壤中SMFGA变化特征及其与土壤理化性质(土壤容重、pH、有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、铵态氮、硝态氮、速效磷和速效钾)和土壤微生物多样性之间的内在联系。研究结果显示:1)与株间空地相比,梭梭和柽柳根际土壤具有较高的速效态养分(铵态氮、硝态氮和速效磷)含量。2)梭梭和柽柳根际土壤中,细菌Shannon-Wiener指数均高于株间空地。真菌Shannon-Wiener指数仅在梭梭根际和株间空地土壤中存在显著差异。3)参与碳、氮、磷循环的15、17和35个功能基因中,分别有6(pulAnplTchitinasenagAbglBbglX)、2(nrfHnapB)和8个(gcdphnGphnHphnIphnLphnAphnJphnM)功能基因,其相对丰度在梭梭和柽柳根际土壤中显著高于株间空地。4)根际土壤中参与氮、磷循环的SMFGA,与速效钾和pH呈显著正相关关系,而参与碳循环的SMFGA与理化性质和微生物多样性均无显著关系。综合而言,荒漠生态系统中灌木根际效应改变了SMFGA变化特征及其与土壤理化性质和微生物多样性之间的关系。

关键词: 土壤微生物功能基因丰度, 根际土壤, 灌木, 荒漠生态系统

Abstract:

Many studies have demonstrated that in terrestrial ecosystems, nutrient cycling is tightly linked with soil microbial functional gene abundance (SMFGA). However, our understanding of the variations in SMFGA in rhizosphere soils among shrubs in desert ecosystems is still limited. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of SMFGA in the rhizosphere of two dominant coexisting shrubs in the Junggar Desert, Haloxylon ammodendron and Tamarix chinensis. Bulk soil and rhizosphere soil samples were collected from the surface layer (0-10 cm) around H. ammodendron and T. chinensis. In total, 67 microbial functional genes involved in soil carbon-, nitrogen-, and phosphorus-cycling were detected via metagenomic sequencing. We then explored the linkages among SMFGA, soil physical and chemical properties (soil bulk density, pH, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium), and microbial diversity in the rhizosphere soils. The results show that: 1) Compared with bulk soils, rhizosphere soils of H. ammodendron and T. chinensis had relatively higher contents of available nutrients (ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and available phosphorus). 2) The Shannon-Wiener index of bacterial diversity was significantly higher in rhizosphere soils of H. ammodendron and T. chinensis than in the bulk soils, but the fungal Shannon-Wiener index was only significantly higher in the rhizosphere soil of H. ammodendron. 3) Six of the 15 microbial genes related to carbon cycling (pulAnplTchitinasenagAbglB, and bglX), two of the 17 microbial genes related to nitrogen cycling (nrfH and napB), and eight of the 35 microbial genes related to phosphorus cycling (gcdphnGphnHphnIphnLphnAphnJ, and phnM) had higher relative abundance in the rhizosphere soils of H. ammodendron and T. chinensis than in the bulk soils. 4) The abundance of microbial genes involved in nitrogen- and phosphorus-cycling in the rhizosphere soils was positively related to available potassium and soil pH, but no significant associations were detected between microbial genes involved in carbon-cycling and soil physical properties, soil chemical properties, or microbial diversity. In summary, shrubs’ rhizospheres affect the abundance of microbial functional genes, which are linked with soil physical and chemical properties and microbial diversity in this desert ecosystem.

Key words: soil microbial functional gene abundance, rhizosphere soil, shrubs, desert ecosystem