草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 156-166.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025434
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
任慈1(
), 王艺华1, 马龙龙1, 刘翠玲1, 李洁仪1, 刘超1, 何亮亮1, 陈曙1,2,3(
)
收稿日期:2025-10-21
修回日期:2025-12-15
出版日期:2026-10-20
发布日期:2026-09-09
通讯作者:
陈曙
作者简介:E-mail: shuchen@scau.edu.cn基金资助:
Ci REN1(
), Yi-hua WANG1, Long-long MA1, Cui-ling LIU1, Jie-yi LI1, Chao LIU1, Liang-liang HE1, Shu CHEN1,2,3(
)
Received:2025-10-21
Revised:2025-12-15
Online:2026-10-20
Published:2026-09-09
Contact:
Shu CHEN
摘要:
为解决日本结缕草组织培养中存在的胚性愈伤组织诱导率低及继代褐化严重等技术瓶颈,本研究以其种播品种‘Zenith’的成熟种子为外植体,旨在建立一套高效、稳定的植株再生体系。研究以Murashige & Skoog(MS)培养基辅以2 mg·L-1 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)和0.2 mg·L-1 6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA)作为基础诱导培养基(IM),通过3轮递进式的单因素试验筛选关键调控因子。第1轮初筛发现,5 mg·L-1 维生素B1(VB?)和25 mg·L-1 α-酮戊二酸具有促进效应,但胚性愈伤诱导率最高仅为6.74%。第2轮筛选明确了2 mg·L-1麦草畏(dicamba)是核心调控激素,可将胚性愈伤诱导率显著提升至19.65%。第3轮在“IM+2 mg·L-1麦草畏”的基础上进行优化,证实额外添加25mg·L-1的α-酮戊二酸可使胚性愈伤的诱导效率再提升62.38%。针对继代培养难题,在培养基中添加0.05 mg·L-1脱落酸(ABA)可有效抑制愈伤组织的早熟分化;抗褐化筛选则表明,4 g·L-1聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、0.5~1.0 g·L-1活性炭(AC)以及0.001~0.005 g·L-1硝酸银(AgNO3)均能显著降低愈伤褐化率,其中PVP的效果最佳。本研究最终建立了一套完整的日本结缕草高效再生体系,为基因编辑、遗传转化等分子育种工作提供了稳定的受体系统,同时为其他暖季型草坪草的再生体系构建提供了重要的理论与技术参考。
任慈, 王艺华, 马龙龙, 刘翠玲, 李洁仪, 刘超, 何亮亮, 陈曙. 日本结缕草‘Zenith’胚性愈伤组织诱导与继代体系优化[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(10): 156-166.
Ci REN, Yi-hua WANG, Long-long MA, Cui-ling LIU, Jie-yi LI, Chao LIU, Liang-liang HE, Shu CHEN. Optimization of an embryonic callus induction and subculture system for Zoysia japonica cv. ‘Zenith’[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(10): 156-166.
| 项目Item | Murashige & Skoog (MS, g·L-1) | 蔗糖 Sucrose (g·L-1) | 脯氨酸 Proline (g·L-1) | 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D, mg·L-1) | 6-苄氨基嘌呤 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA, mg·L-1) | α-萘乙酸 α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA, mg·L-1) | 琼脂 Agar (g·L-1) | pH |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FH | 4.43 | 30 | 1.15 | 0 | 2 | 0.1 | 7 | 5.8 |
| SG | 4.43 | 30 | 1.15 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 7 | 5.8 |
表1 日本结缕草‘Zenith’愈伤分化与生根培养基配方
Table 1 Formulations of callus differentiation and rooting medium for Z. japonica cv. ‘Zenith’
| 项目Item | Murashige & Skoog (MS, g·L-1) | 蔗糖 Sucrose (g·L-1) | 脯氨酸 Proline (g·L-1) | 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D, mg·L-1) | 6-苄氨基嘌呤 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA, mg·L-1) | α-萘乙酸 α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA, mg·L-1) | 琼脂 Agar (g·L-1) | pH |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FH | 4.43 | 30 | 1.15 | 0 | 2 | 0.1 | 7 | 5.8 |
| SG | 4.43 | 30 | 1.15 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 7 | 5.8 |
种子 来源 Source of seeds | 供试种子数Number of tested seeds | 发芽种子数Germinated seeds | 产生愈伤的种子数Seeds of producing callus | 发芽率 Germination rate (%) | 愈伤诱导率 Callus induction rate (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| YN-022 | 300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| YN-040 | 300 | 3 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.33 |
| YN-037 | 300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| YN-010 | 300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| YN-082 | 300 | 72 | 51 | 24.00 | 17.00 |
| Zenith | 300 | 256 | 239 | 85.33 | 79.60 |
表2 日本结缕草不同种质的种子发芽率及愈伤诱导率比较
Table 2 Comparison of germination rate and callus induction rate among different Z. japonica germplasms
种子 来源 Source of seeds | 供试种子数Number of tested seeds | 发芽种子数Germinated seeds | 产生愈伤的种子数Seeds of producing callus | 发芽率 Germination rate (%) | 愈伤诱导率 Callus induction rate (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| YN-022 | 300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| YN-040 | 300 | 3 | 1 | 1.00 | 0.33 |
| YN-037 | 300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| YN-010 | 300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| YN-082 | 300 | 72 | 51 | 24.00 | 17.00 |
| Zenith | 300 | 256 | 239 | 85.33 | 79.60 |
图1 日本结缕草‘Zenith’4种类型愈伤组织的分化率比较A:4类结缕草愈伤组织;B:结缕草胚性愈伤局部细节。A: Four types of Z. japonica callus; B: Partial details of embryogenic callus in Z. japonica.
Fig. 1 Comparison of callus differentiation rates in four types of Z. japonica cv. ‘Zenith’
图2 第1轮单因素试验:不同添加物对日本结缕草‘Zenith’种子发芽及愈伤诱导和生长的影响不同小写字母表示不同处理间结缕草种子平均发芽率(A)、第4类愈伤平均诱导率(B)、愈伤平均直径(C)以及愈伤平均重量(D)存在显著性差异(P<0.05),下同。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05) among different treatments in the mean Z. japonica seed germination rate (A), mean type Ⅳ callus induction rate of type Ⅳ (B), mean callus diameter (C), and mean callus weight (D). The same below.
Fig. 2 Single-factor experiment 1: Effects of different additives on germination rate, callus induction and growth of Z. japonica cv. ‘Zenith’ seeds
图3 第2轮单因素试验:不同添加物对日本结缕草‘Zenith’种子发芽及愈伤诱导和生长的影响
Fig. 3 Single-factor experiment 2: Effects of different additives on germination rate, callus induction and growth of Z. japonica cv. ‘Zenith’ seeds
图4 第3轮单因素试验:不同添加物对日本结缕草‘Zenith’种子愈伤诱导的影响A:不同处理下的愈伤状况;B:不同处理对4类愈伤诱导率的影响。A: Callus status under different treatments; B: The effect of different treatments on the induction rates of 4 types of callus.
Fig. 4 Single-factor experiment 3: Effects of different additives on callus induction in Z. japonica cv. ‘Zenith’ seeds
图5 日本结缕草‘Zenith’愈伤继代培养中的早熟分化、褐化及污染问题A:污染;B:早熟分化;C:褐化;D:保持胚性的愈伤;E:愈伤继代中4类愈伤的占比情况。A: Contamination; B: Premature differentiation; C: Browning; D: Embryonic callus; E: Proportion of four types of callus during the callus subculture.
Fig. 5 Incidence of premature differentiation, browning and contamination in callus subculture of Z. japonica cv. ‘Zenith’
图6 不同浓度脱落酸对结缕草愈伤组织生长的影响不同小写字母表示添加不同浓度脱落酸后4种愈伤在愈伤继代过程中的占比之间差异显著(P<0.05)。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05) in the proportions of the four callus types during subculture after adding different concentrations of abscisic acid.
Fig. 6 Effects of different concentrations of abscisic acid on callus growth in Z. japonica
图7 6种抗褐化剂对日本结缕草‘Zenith’继代愈伤褐化率的抑制效果比较不同小写字母表示各浓度间差异显著(P<0.05)。Different lowercase letters meant significant differences among different concentrations at the 0.05 level.
Fig. 7 Comparison of inhibitory effects of six anti-browning agents on browning rate of subcultured callus in Z. japonica cv. ‘Zenith’
图8 日本结缕草‘Zenith’胚性愈伤组织诱导和植株再生体系A:愈伤诱导;B:愈伤继代;C:愈伤分化;D:植株生根;E:植株移栽。A: Callus induction; B: Callus subculture; C: Callus differentiation; D: Plant rooting; E: Plant transplantation.
Fig. 8 Embryogenic callus induction and plant regeneration system in Z. japonica cv. ‘Zenith’
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