长期秸秆还田和有机肥施用对双季稻田冬春季杂草群落的影响

草业学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (3): 142-147.

长期秸秆还田和有机肥施用对双季稻田冬春季杂草群落的影响

李昌新¹,赵锋¹,芮雯奕¹,黄欠如³,余喜初³,张卫建^1,2*

1.南京农业大学应用生态研究所,江苏南京 210095;
2.中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,
北京 100081;
3.江西省红壤生态研究所,江西进贤 331717

收稿日期:2008-09-01 出版日期:2009-06-20 发布日期:2009-06-20
作者简介:李昌新(1965-),男,江苏如东人,在读博士。
基金资助:
中国农业科学院项目(082060302-19)和国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD15B02, 2006BAD02A15)资助。

The long-term effects of returning straw and applying organic fertilizer on weed
communities in a paddy field with a double rice cropping system

LI Chang-xin¹, ZHAO Feng¹, RUI Wen-yi¹, HUANG Qian-ru³, YU Xi-chu³, ZHANG Wei-jian^1,2

1.Institute of Applied Ecology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;

2.Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081,
China;
3.Jiangxi Institute of Red Earth, Jinxian 331717, China

Received:2008-09-01 Online:2009-06-20 Published:2009-06-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 借助双季稻田长期秸秆还田和有机肥施用的定位试验,于2007年对稻田冬季、春季杂草群落进行监测。结果发现,农田管理方式对双季稻田冬春季杂草群落影响显著,长期秸秆还田和有机肥施用显著降低杂草多样性。秸秆冬季覆盖还田显著降低稻田杂草密度和生物量,而长期施用猪粪则显著提高稻田冬春杂草密度和生物量。有机肥晚稻时期施用对杂草的促进效应显著高于早稻时期施用的,秸秆冬季覆盖还田对杂草的抑制效应显著高于夏季旋耕还田的。不同处理下冬春季稻田杂草均以日本看麦娘为优势种群,田间相对密度平均达90%以上,其次为稻槎菜和水竹叶等杂草。上述结果说明,秸秆还田和有机肥施用对冬闲田冬春季杂草群落的调控效应显著。

Abstract: In 2007, the results of a long-term fertilizer experiment were used to study the characteristics of weed communities in a paddy field, where crop straw was returned and organic fertilizer applied since 1985 (Jinxian County, Jiangxi Province). Weed species biodiversity was significantly reduced under long-term straw return and organic fertilizer application. Long-term straw return through mulching reduced weed density and biomass, but they were increased during the field fallow by organic fertilizer application. The positive effects of organic fertilizer application on weed growth were greater in early planted rice plots than in late planted ones. The negative effects of straw return on weed growth were greater in winter with mulching after application than in summer when straw was mixed into the soil. Alopecurus japonicus was the dominant population with a relative density of more than 90% in all plots and the next common weed populations were Lapsana apogonoides and Aneilema keisak. This suggests that straw return and organic fertilizer application can effectively control weed communities in the paddy field during fallow.

中图分类号:

S451
Q948.15

李昌新,赵锋,芮雯奕,黄欠如,余喜初,张卫建. 长期秸秆还田和有机肥施用对双季稻田冬春季杂草群落的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(3): 142-147.

LI Chang-xin, ZHAO Feng, RUI Wen-yi, HUANG Qian-ru, YU Xi-chu, ZHANG Wei-jian. The long-term effects of returning straw and applying organic fertilizer on weed
communities in a paddy field with a double rice cropping system[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2009, 18(3): 142-147.

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