华南地区野生狗牙根植物学形态特征变异研究

草业学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (5): 210-217.

华南地区野生狗牙根植物学形态特征变异研究

黄春琼^1,2,周少云^1,2,刘国道^1*,白昌军¹

1.中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所农业部热带种质资源利用开放重点实验室,
海南儋州 571737;
2.海南大学农学院,海南儋州 571737

收稿日期:2009-10-26 出版日期:2010-05-25 发布日期:2010-10-20
作者简介:黄春琼(1982-),女,云南宣威人,博士。E-mail:huangchunqiong44@163.com
基金资助:
公益性行业(农业)科研专项“人工草地优质牧草生产技术研究与示范”和中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所研究生基金项目(YJS-2008-B002)资助。

A study on morphological variations of Cynodon dactylon in south China

HUANG Chun-qiong^1,2, ZHOU Shao-yun^1,2, LIU Guo-dao¹, BAI Chang-jun¹

1.Tropical Crop Genetic Resources Institute, CATAS, Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops
Germplasm Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Danzhou 571737, China;
2.College
of Agronomy, Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China

Received:2009-10-26 Online:2010-05-25 Published:2010-10-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对96份华南地区野生狗牙根种源的11个植物学特征进行研究。结果表明,1)狗牙根的植物形态学特征存在广泛变异,其变异系数排序为:叶毛(129.78%)>草层高度(38.18%)>叶长(37.61%)>密度(32.41%)>节间长(21.80%)>花序长(18.44%)>小穗数(15.08%)>节间直径(14.49%)>叶宽(14.05%)>穗枝数(9.45%)>叶色(7.64%)。2)狗牙根植物形态学特征间存在明显相关性,营养器官表现为叶片宽大,茎杆粗壮高大,叶色浅且多毛的狗牙根,花序长、穗枝数及小穗数多;反之,草层低矮的狗牙根,质地(叶宽)好,密度大,叶色深。3)随着纬度的增加,华南地区狗牙根种源的叶色变深,节间变粗,而穗枝数及小穗数明显变少,随着经度的增加,节间明显变粗,草层变高,花序变长,而小穗数变少。4)聚类分析可将华南地区狗牙根分为3个形态类型。

Abstract: Eleven morphological characteristics of 36 accessions of wild Cynodon dactylon from south China were observed and analyzed. The results showed that: 1) Abundant morphological variation existed in accessions of C. dactylon. Their coefficients of variation were ranked as follows: leaf hairs (129.78%)>turf height (38.18%)>leaf length (37.61%)>turf density (32.41%)>internode length (21.80%)>inflorescence length (18.44%)>spikelet number (15.08%)>internode diameter(14.49%)>leaf width (14.05%)>inflorescence branch number (9.45%)>leaf color (7.64%). 2) Morphological characteristics of C. dactylon had significant relationships. Those with high turf had lighter color, more leaf hairs, longer and wider leaves, stronger stems, longer inflorescence, and more inflorescence branches and spikelets, whereas those with low turf had the opposite characteristics. 3) With higher latitudes, C. dactylon had darker leaf color, stronger stems, fewer inflorescence branches and spikelets. It also became stronger, with higher turf, longer inflorescences but fewer spikelets as the longitude increased. 4) Based on eleven morphological characteristics, accessions of wild C. dactylon from south China were clustered into three morphological types.

中图分类号:

黄春琼,周少云,刘国道,白昌军. 华南地区野生狗牙根植物学形态特征变异研究[J]. 草业学报, 2010, 19(5): 210-217.

HUANG Chun-qiong, ZHOU Shao-yun, LIU Guo-dao, BAI Chang-jun. A study on morphological variations of Cynodon dactylon in south China[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2010, 19(5): 210-217.

参考文献

[1] Gatschet Mark J, Taliaferro Charles M, Anderson Jeffrey A, et al. Cold acclimation and alterations in protein synthesis in bermudagrass crowns[J]. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 1994, 119(3): 477-480.
[2] 王赞, 毛凯, 吴彦奇, 等. 四川攀西地区野生狗牙根坪用价值研究[J]. 草业科学, 2005, 22(1): 91-93.
[3] 严学兵, 周禾, 王堃, 等. 我国9种披碱草属植物的系统学关系[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(3): 74-85.
[4] 王海清, 徐柱, 祁娟. 披碱草属四种植物主要形态特征的变异性比较[J]. 中国草地学报, 2009, 31(3): 30-35.
[5] 严学兵, 王堃, 王成章, 等. 不同披碱草属植物的形态分化和分类功能的构建[J]. 草地学报, 2009, 17(3): 274-280.
[6] 刘建秀, 贺善安, 刘永冬. 华东地区狗牙根形态分类及其坪用价值[J]. 植物资源与环境, 1996, 5(3): 18-22.
[7] 吴彦奇, 刘玲珑, 熊曦, 等. 四川野生狗牙根的利用与资源[J]. 草原与草坪, 2001, (3): 32-34.
[8] 刘建秀, 郭爱桂, 郭海林. 我国狗牙根种质资源形态变异及形态类型划分[J]. 草业学报, 2003, 12(6): 99-104.
[9] 张国珍, 干友民, 魏萍, 等. 四川野生狗牙根外部性状变异及形态类型研究[J]. 中国草地, 2005, 27(3): 21-25, 40.
[10] 张小艾, 张新全. 西南区野生狗牙根形态多样性研究[J]. 草原与草坪, 2006, (3): 35-38.
[11] 尹权为, 曾兵, 张新全, 等. 狗牙根种质资源在渝西地区生态适应性评价[J]. 草业科学, 2009, 26(5): 174-178.
[12] Harlan Jack R, de Wet J M J. Sources of variation in Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers[J]. Crop Science, 1969, 9(6): 774-778.
[13] Rochecouste E. Studies on the biotypes of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. I. botanical investigation[J]. Weed Research, 1962, 2(1): 1-23.
[14] Ramakrishnan P S, Singh Vijay K. Differential response of the edaphic ecotypes in Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers to soil calcium[J]. New Phytologist, 1966, 65(1): 100-108.
[15] 王志勇, 刘建秀, 郭海林. 狗牙根种质资源营养生长特性差异的研究[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(2): 25-32.
[16] 白昌军, 刘国道. 热带牧草种质资源描述[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社, 2005.
[17] 白昌军, 刘国道. 热带牧草种质资源数据质量控制规范[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社, 2007.
[18] Arapitsas Panagiotis. Identification and quantification of polyphenolic compounds from okra seeds and skins[J]. Food Chemistry, 2008, 110(4): 1041-1045.
[19] Wu Y Q, Taliaferro C M, Bai G H, et al. AFLP analysis of Cynodon dactylon(L.)Pers.var. dactylon genetic variation[J]. Genome, 2004, 47: 689-696.
[20] 刘伟, 张新全, 李芳, 等. 西南区野生狗牙根遗传多样性的ISSR标记与地理来源分析[J]. 草业学报, 2007, 16(3): 55-61.