草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 185-197.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023161
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2023-05-17
修回日期:
2023-07-07
出版日期:
2024-02-20
发布日期:
2023-12-12
通讯作者:
张永亮
作者简介:
张永亮(1959-),男,内蒙古包头人,教授,博士。E-mail: zyl8802@163.com基金资助:
Yong-liang ZHANG(), Ze TENG, Feng HAO, Tie-feng YU, Yu-xia ZHANG
Received:
2023-05-17
Revised:
2023-07-07
Online:
2024-02-20
Published:
2023-12-12
Contact:
Yong-liang ZHANG
摘要:
为了探究适合科尔沁沙地的禾豆混播模式,将紫花苜蓿按8个水平(占单播量的5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%,B1~B8)和2种方式(间行A1和交叉A2)混播到2月龄的无芒雀麦草地,分析混播方式与混播比例对禾豆混播草地生产力和群落稳定性的影响。结果表明:混播方式对第3茬无芒雀麦产量影响显著,A2处理显著高于A1(P<0.05)。A1处理1~3茬及全年苜蓿产量均高于A2,其中第3茬及全年苜蓿产量差异显著(P<0.05)。禾豆总产量除2茬A1显著高于A2(P<0.05)外,其余无显著差异。A2处理2、3茬无芒雀麦相对密度(RD)和3茬相对产量(RY)显著高于A1。苜蓿混播方式对各茬苜蓿RD和RY没有显著影响,而对全年苜蓿RY影响显著,A1显著高于A2(P<0.05)。A1处理2茬及全年相对产量总和(RYT)显著大于A2(P<0.05)。随着苜蓿混播比例增加,全年苜蓿产量、禾豆产量和RYT呈增长趋势,而无芒雀麦产量、无芒雀麦和苜蓿RD、RY均呈下降趋势。不同苜蓿混播比例下各茬无芒雀麦RY均小于1,而苜蓿RY均大于1。混播处理全年RYT均大于1,混播20%~40%苜蓿第3茬RYT>1。模糊综合评价结果表明A2B4组合最优,其次是A2B3组合。综合考虑牧草产量和群落稳定性,在固定播量的2月龄无芒雀麦草地上交叉混播15%~20%苜蓿较适宜。
张永亮, 滕泽, 郝凤, 于铁峰, 张玉霞. 苜蓿混播方式及比例对混播草地生产力和稳定性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2024, 33(2): 185-197.
Yong-liang ZHANG, Ze TENG, Feng HAO, Tie-feng YU, Yu-xia ZHANG. Effects of different mixed sowing patterns and sowing ratios of alfalfa on grassland productivity and community stability in grass-legume mixtures[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(2): 185-197.
茬次 Cutting time | 种类 Species | 牧草产量F值 Forage yield F value | 相对产量F值 Relative yield F value | 相对密度F值 Relative density F value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A因素 A factor | B因素 B factor | A×B | A因素 A factor | B因素 B factor | A×B | A因素 A factor | B因素 B factor | A×B | ||
1茬 First cropping | 禾草Grass | 0.87 | 3.45** | 4.63** | 1.15 | 3.20** | 4.40** | 0.92 | 0.88 | 0.64 |
苜蓿Alfalfa | 2.78 | 11.09** | 3.07* | 3.64 | 21.50** | 2.87* | 2.06 | 18.36** | 1.44 | |
禾豆Grass+alfalfa | 0.27 | 2.98* | 3.68** | |||||||
2茬 Second cropping | 禾草Grass | 2.10 | 4.63** | 3.34** | 2.33 | 4.36** | 3.16* | 4.97* | 3.27** | 1.67 |
苜蓿Alfalfa | 2.28 | 5.16** | 0.18 | 0.82 | 42.00** | 0.31 | 0.11 | 10.06** | 0.17 | |
禾豆Grass+alfalfa | 6.07* | 1.37 | 1.36 | |||||||
3茬 Third cropping | 禾草Grass | 20.91** | 6.97** | 4.23** | 21.21** | 6.70** | 3.60** | 5.08* | 6.52** | 2.27 |
苜蓿Alfalfa | 9.44** | 7.42** | 1.67 | 1.52 | 15.72** | 0.14 | 0.01 | 37.64** | 0.52 | |
禾豆Grass+alfalfa | 3.80 | 5.30* | 2.13 | |||||||
全年 Annual | 禾草Grass | 0.48 | 4.35** | 3.29** | 0.49 | 4.13** | 3.21* | |||
苜蓿Alfalfa | 7.30** | 13.44** | 0.83 | 4.90* | 51.91** | 0.39 | ||||
禾豆Grass+alfalfa | 3.97 | 4.26** | 1.43 |
表1 混播方式及混播比例对牧草产量、相对产量和相对密度影响的方差分析
Table 1 Analysis of variance on the effects of mixed sowing patterns and ratios on forage yield, relative yield and relative density
茬次 Cutting time | 种类 Species | 牧草产量F值 Forage yield F value | 相对产量F值 Relative yield F value | 相对密度F值 Relative density F value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A因素 A factor | B因素 B factor | A×B | A因素 A factor | B因素 B factor | A×B | A因素 A factor | B因素 B factor | A×B | ||
1茬 First cropping | 禾草Grass | 0.87 | 3.45** | 4.63** | 1.15 | 3.20** | 4.40** | 0.92 | 0.88 | 0.64 |
苜蓿Alfalfa | 2.78 | 11.09** | 3.07* | 3.64 | 21.50** | 2.87* | 2.06 | 18.36** | 1.44 | |
禾豆Grass+alfalfa | 0.27 | 2.98* | 3.68** | |||||||
2茬 Second cropping | 禾草Grass | 2.10 | 4.63** | 3.34** | 2.33 | 4.36** | 3.16* | 4.97* | 3.27** | 1.67 |
苜蓿Alfalfa | 2.28 | 5.16** | 0.18 | 0.82 | 42.00** | 0.31 | 0.11 | 10.06** | 0.17 | |
禾豆Grass+alfalfa | 6.07* | 1.37 | 1.36 | |||||||
3茬 Third cropping | 禾草Grass | 20.91** | 6.97** | 4.23** | 21.21** | 6.70** | 3.60** | 5.08* | 6.52** | 2.27 |
苜蓿Alfalfa | 9.44** | 7.42** | 1.67 | 1.52 | 15.72** | 0.14 | 0.01 | 37.64** | 0.52 | |
禾豆Grass+alfalfa | 3.80 | 5.30* | 2.13 | |||||||
全年 Annual | 禾草Grass | 0.48 | 4.35** | 3.29** | 0.49 | 4.13** | 3.21* | |||
苜蓿Alfalfa | 7.30** | 13.44** | 0.83 | 4.90* | 51.91** | 0.39 | ||||
禾豆Grass+alfalfa | 3.97 | 4.26** | 1.43 |
图 1 不同苜蓿混播方式下牧草产量A1与A2分别表示间行混播和交叉混播;C1,C2,C3,C4分别表示第1、2,3次刈割和全年;不同小写字母表示同一茬次不同播种方式间差异显著(P<0.05),下同。A1 and A2 indicate the inter-rowing and cross-seeding, respectively; C1,C2,C3,C4 indicate the first, second, third cutting and annual, respectively; Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences in different sowing methods for the same cutting time (P<0.05), the same below.
Fig.1 Forage yield under different mixture patterns of alfalfa
种类 Species | 处理 Treatment | 产量 Yield | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1茬 First cropping | 2茬 Second cropping | 3茬 Third cropping | 全年 Annual | ||
无芒雀麦 Smooth bromegrass | B1 | 4816.77±1185.83a | 1988.84±468.56a | 406.00±179.08ab | 7211.61±138.14a |
B2 | 3966.46±761.18b | 1612.47±572.29abc | 216.58±89.37cd | 5795.52±945.40b | |
B3 | 3621.13±817.78bc | 2079.77±636.47a | 264.81±109.93cd | 5965.72±634.86b | |
B4 | 3817.93±618.64bc | 1691.05±338.74ab | 452.60±128.99a | 5961.58±1010.84b | |
B5 | 4004.94±529.70b | 1335.34±346.38bc | 205.06±33.81d | 5545.34±82.20bc | |
B6 | 3846.28±991.11bc | 1471.85±310.29bc | 326.99±172.55bc | 5645.13±329.85bc | |
B7 | 3589.09±927.77bc | 1269.78±424.86bc | 294.11±151.35cd | 5152.98±336.96cd | |
B8 | 3094.88±261.28c | 1178.92±309.43c | 192.25±62.94d | 4466.06±185.96d | |
苜蓿 Alfalfa | B1 | 1334.06±481.08e | 1543.00±296.51c | 1143.01±250.38d | 4020.07±779.83d |
B2 | 2359.55±404.19cd | 1480.16±213.34c | 1653.64±253.67c | 5493.35±159.12c | |
B3 | 1873.11±534.71de | 1561.05±494.32c | 1554.91±231.18cd | 4989.06±942.49cd | |
B4 | 2148.85±326.89d | 1735.18±395.37c | 1782.55±523.11c | 5666.57±462.73c | |
B5 | 2955.84±575.15bc | 2029.72±275.38bc | 2302.56±518.39ab | 7288.12±842.62b | |
B6 | 3209.03±1203.45b | 2049.06±655.70bc | 1876.19±387.85bc | 7134.28±1741.12b | |
B7 | 2884.04±676.71bc | 2523.44±372.02ab | 2312.26±257.66ab | 7719.75±994.73b | |
B8 | 3942.65±990.20a | 2720.61±718.57a | 2471.20±862.57a | 9134.47±2069.99a | |
禾豆 Grass+alfalfa | B1 | 6150.83±1442.27abc | 3531.84±359.49ab | 1549.01±275.92d | 11231.68±1559.42d |
B2 | 6326.01±958.48abc | 3092.63±650.42b | 1870.22±330.92cd | 11288.87±1058.77cd | |
B3 | 5494.24±845.56c | 3640.81±696.74ab | 1819.72±190.20cd | 10954.78±1096.06d | |
B4 | 5966.78±687.73bc | 3426.22±356.70ab | 2235.14±644.93abc | 11628.45±729.21c | |
B5 | 6960.77±542.07ab | 3365.06±441.02ab | 2507.63±500.17ab | 12833.46±1127.34ab | |
B6 | 7055.31±1026.23a | 3520.91±578.46ab | 2203.18±436.14bc | 12779.40±1231.60bc | |
B7 | 6473.13±559.26abc | 3793.22±636.90ab | 2606.37±401.68ab | 12872.72±1013.68ab | |
B8 | 7037.53±1152.35a | 3899.53±666.52a | 2830.13±861.80a | 13767.19±1967.91a |
表2 不同紫花苜蓿混播比例下牧草产量
Table 2 Forage yield under different mixture ratios of alfalfa (kg·hm-2)
种类 Species | 处理 Treatment | 产量 Yield | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1茬 First cropping | 2茬 Second cropping | 3茬 Third cropping | 全年 Annual | ||
无芒雀麦 Smooth bromegrass | B1 | 4816.77±1185.83a | 1988.84±468.56a | 406.00±179.08ab | 7211.61±138.14a |
B2 | 3966.46±761.18b | 1612.47±572.29abc | 216.58±89.37cd | 5795.52±945.40b | |
B3 | 3621.13±817.78bc | 2079.77±636.47a | 264.81±109.93cd | 5965.72±634.86b | |
B4 | 3817.93±618.64bc | 1691.05±338.74ab | 452.60±128.99a | 5961.58±1010.84b | |
B5 | 4004.94±529.70b | 1335.34±346.38bc | 205.06±33.81d | 5545.34±82.20bc | |
B6 | 3846.28±991.11bc | 1471.85±310.29bc | 326.99±172.55bc | 5645.13±329.85bc | |
B7 | 3589.09±927.77bc | 1269.78±424.86bc | 294.11±151.35cd | 5152.98±336.96cd | |
B8 | 3094.88±261.28c | 1178.92±309.43c | 192.25±62.94d | 4466.06±185.96d | |
苜蓿 Alfalfa | B1 | 1334.06±481.08e | 1543.00±296.51c | 1143.01±250.38d | 4020.07±779.83d |
B2 | 2359.55±404.19cd | 1480.16±213.34c | 1653.64±253.67c | 5493.35±159.12c | |
B3 | 1873.11±534.71de | 1561.05±494.32c | 1554.91±231.18cd | 4989.06±942.49cd | |
B4 | 2148.85±326.89d | 1735.18±395.37c | 1782.55±523.11c | 5666.57±462.73c | |
B5 | 2955.84±575.15bc | 2029.72±275.38bc | 2302.56±518.39ab | 7288.12±842.62b | |
B6 | 3209.03±1203.45b | 2049.06±655.70bc | 1876.19±387.85bc | 7134.28±1741.12b | |
B7 | 2884.04±676.71bc | 2523.44±372.02ab | 2312.26±257.66ab | 7719.75±994.73b | |
B8 | 3942.65±990.20a | 2720.61±718.57a | 2471.20±862.57a | 9134.47±2069.99a | |
禾豆 Grass+alfalfa | B1 | 6150.83±1442.27abc | 3531.84±359.49ab | 1549.01±275.92d | 11231.68±1559.42d |
B2 | 6326.01±958.48abc | 3092.63±650.42b | 1870.22±330.92cd | 11288.87±1058.77cd | |
B3 | 5494.24±845.56c | 3640.81±696.74ab | 1819.72±190.20cd | 10954.78±1096.06d | |
B4 | 5966.78±687.73bc | 3426.22±356.70ab | 2235.14±644.93abc | 11628.45±729.21c | |
B5 | 6960.77±542.07ab | 3365.06±441.02ab | 2507.63±500.17ab | 12833.46±1127.34ab | |
B6 | 7055.31±1026.23a | 3520.91±578.46ab | 2203.18±436.14bc | 12779.40±1231.60bc | |
B7 | 6473.13±559.26abc | 3793.22±636.90ab | 2606.37±401.68ab | 12872.72±1013.68ab | |
B8 | 7037.53±1152.35a | 3899.53±666.52a | 2830.13±861.80a | 13767.19±1967.91a |
组合 Combination | 产量 Yield | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1茬 First cropping | 2茬 Second cropping | 3茬 Third cropping | 全年 Annual | ||
A1B1 | 5828.03±486.50a | 2275.67±406.15ab | 256.33±34.37cde | 8360.03±495.06a | |
A1B2 | 3373.29±128.30bc | 1930.54±360.85bc | 277.61±115.38cde | 5581.44±408.63bc | |
A1B3 | 3174.54±159.72c | 1519.81±126.93cd | 257.27±198.87cde | 4951.63±325.24c | |
A1B4 | 3665.84±626.33bc | 1731.00±401.43bcd | 369.94±142.67bcd | 5766.77±1110.17bc | |
A1B5 | 4432.74±246.88b | 1360.24±463.31cd | 175.33±36.10e | 5968.31±273.89bc | |
A1B6 | 3423.60±1252.48bc | 1598.24±141.94bcd | 197.61±91.73e | 5219.45±550.12c | |
A1B7 | 3014.54±1194.99c | 1513.57±519.12cd | 169.58±12.08e | 4697.69±163.70c | |
A1B8 | 3152.68±450.09c | 1326.44±377.86cd | 186.67±55.08e | 4665.78±106.97c | |
A2B1 | 3805.50±196.37bc | 1702.02±341.57bcd | 555.67±107.66a | 6063.19±298.71bc | |
A2B2 | 4559.64±867.58b | 1294.41±650.49cd | 155.56±34.69e | 6009.60±1518.75bc | |
A2B3 | 4067.73±371.41bc | 2639.72±248.14a | 272.35±84.72cde | 6979.81±43.26b | |
A2B4 | 3970.02±1152.30bc | 1651.09±356.95bcd | 535.26±106.76a | 6156.37±1383.23bc | |
A2B5 | 3577.13±279.28bc | 1310.44±278.36cd | 234.80±27.69de | 5122.37±437.70c | |
A2B6 | 4268.97±693.64bc | 1345.45±397.96cd | 456.37±121.53ab | 6070.80±1183.28bc | |
A2B7 | 4163.64±387.97bc | 1025.98±31.21d | 418.63±92.11abc | 5608.25±442.43bc | |
A2B8 | 3037.09±205.66c | 1031.41±174.79d | 197.84±34.63e | 4266.34±414.26c |
表3 不同混播组合下无芒雀麦产量
Table 3 Yield of smooth bromegrass under different mixed sowing combinations (kg·hm-2)
组合 Combination | 产量 Yield | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1茬 First cropping | 2茬 Second cropping | 3茬 Third cropping | 全年 Annual | ||
A1B1 | 5828.03±486.50a | 2275.67±406.15ab | 256.33±34.37cde | 8360.03±495.06a | |
A1B2 | 3373.29±128.30bc | 1930.54±360.85bc | 277.61±115.38cde | 5581.44±408.63bc | |
A1B3 | 3174.54±159.72c | 1519.81±126.93cd | 257.27±198.87cde | 4951.63±325.24c | |
A1B4 | 3665.84±626.33bc | 1731.00±401.43bcd | 369.94±142.67bcd | 5766.77±1110.17bc | |
A1B5 | 4432.74±246.88b | 1360.24±463.31cd | 175.33±36.10e | 5968.31±273.89bc | |
A1B6 | 3423.60±1252.48bc | 1598.24±141.94bcd | 197.61±91.73e | 5219.45±550.12c | |
A1B7 | 3014.54±1194.99c | 1513.57±519.12cd | 169.58±12.08e | 4697.69±163.70c | |
A1B8 | 3152.68±450.09c | 1326.44±377.86cd | 186.67±55.08e | 4665.78±106.97c | |
A2B1 | 3805.50±196.37bc | 1702.02±341.57bcd | 555.67±107.66a | 6063.19±298.71bc | |
A2B2 | 4559.64±867.58b | 1294.41±650.49cd | 155.56±34.69e | 6009.60±1518.75bc | |
A2B3 | 4067.73±371.41bc | 2639.72±248.14a | 272.35±84.72cde | 6979.81±43.26b | |
A2B4 | 3970.02±1152.30bc | 1651.09±356.95bcd | 535.26±106.76a | 6156.37±1383.23bc | |
A2B5 | 3577.13±279.28bc | 1310.44±278.36cd | 234.80±27.69de | 5122.37±437.70c | |
A2B6 | 4268.97±693.64bc | 1345.45±397.96cd | 456.37±121.53ab | 6070.80±1183.28bc | |
A2B7 | 4163.64±387.97bc | 1025.98±31.21d | 418.63±92.11abc | 5608.25±442.43bc | |
A2B8 | 3037.09±205.66c | 1031.41±174.79d | 197.84±34.63e | 4266.34±414.26c |
组合 Combination | 产量Yield | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
1茬 First cropping | 2茬 Second cropping | 3茬 Third cropping | 全年 Annual | |
A1B1 | 1606.11±430.03def | 1494.65±96.28de | 1140.24±358.79f | 4241.00±876.91d |
A1B2 | 2221.95±230.63cde | 1588.57±198.39cde | 1781.54±101.05cdef | 5592.06±245.89cd |
A1B3 | 2236.30±529.60cde | 1744.54±386.01bcde | 1700.85±134.94cdef | 5681.69±852.06cd |
A1B4 | 2052.75±246.10cdef | 1916.24±199.01bcde | 1787.41±407.95cdef | 5756.40±58.47cd |
A1B5 | 2731.35±793.61bcd | 2074.56±129.81abcde | 2611.39±626.39ab | 7417.29±1278.57bc |
A1B6 | 4218.61±874.92a | 2180.42±898.74abcde | 2039.56±223.79bcde | 8438.59±1700.28ab |
A1B7 | 3182.61±966.82abc | 2588.52±153.51ab | 2357.15±55.46bc | 8128.28±1115.80ab |
A1B8 | 3626.82±1170.77ab | 2930.76±937.61a | 3117.89±717.10a | 9675.47±2795.46a |
A2B1 | 1062.01±149.18f | 1591.35±470.80cde | 1145.78±107.24f | 3799.14±703.61d |
A2B2 | 2497.15±289.28bcde | 1371.74±275.78e | 1525.74±417.29def | 5394.64±440.33cd |
A2B3 | 1509.92±589.21ef | 1377.56±438.66e | 1408.96±113.29ef | 4296.43±277.27d |
A2B4 | 2244.95±574.66cde | 1554.11±566.23cde | 1777.69±767.28cdef | 5576.75±965.09cd |
A2B5 | 3180.33±577.31abc | 1984.89±443.76abcde | 1993.74±166.72bcde | 7158.96±901.58bc |
A2B6 | 2199.44±355.24cde | 1917.71±523.27bcde | 1712.81±551.53cdef | 5829.96±663.33cd |
A2B7 | 2585.48±352.62bcde | 2458.37±585.05abcd | 2267.37±525.97bcd | 7311.22±1152.11bc |
A2B8 | 4258.48±723.96a | 2510.46±608.45abc | 1824.52±298.14cdef | 8593.46±1283.34ab |
表4 不同混播组合下苜蓿产量
Table 4 Yield of alfalfa under different mixed sowing combinations (kg·hm-2)
组合 Combination | 产量Yield | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
1茬 First cropping | 2茬 Second cropping | 3茬 Third cropping | 全年 Annual | |
A1B1 | 1606.11±430.03def | 1494.65±96.28de | 1140.24±358.79f | 4241.00±876.91d |
A1B2 | 2221.95±230.63cde | 1588.57±198.39cde | 1781.54±101.05cdef | 5592.06±245.89cd |
A1B3 | 2236.30±529.60cde | 1744.54±386.01bcde | 1700.85±134.94cdef | 5681.69±852.06cd |
A1B4 | 2052.75±246.10cdef | 1916.24±199.01bcde | 1787.41±407.95cdef | 5756.40±58.47cd |
A1B5 | 2731.35±793.61bcd | 2074.56±129.81abcde | 2611.39±626.39ab | 7417.29±1278.57bc |
A1B6 | 4218.61±874.92a | 2180.42±898.74abcde | 2039.56±223.79bcde | 8438.59±1700.28ab |
A1B7 | 3182.61±966.82abc | 2588.52±153.51ab | 2357.15±55.46bc | 8128.28±1115.80ab |
A1B8 | 3626.82±1170.77ab | 2930.76±937.61a | 3117.89±717.10a | 9675.47±2795.46a |
A2B1 | 1062.01±149.18f | 1591.35±470.80cde | 1145.78±107.24f | 3799.14±703.61d |
A2B2 | 2497.15±289.28bcde | 1371.74±275.78e | 1525.74±417.29def | 5394.64±440.33cd |
A2B3 | 1509.92±589.21ef | 1377.56±438.66e | 1408.96±113.29ef | 4296.43±277.27d |
A2B4 | 2244.95±574.66cde | 1554.11±566.23cde | 1777.69±767.28cdef | 5576.75±965.09cd |
A2B5 | 3180.33±577.31abc | 1984.89±443.76abcde | 1993.74±166.72bcde | 7158.96±901.58bc |
A2B6 | 2199.44±355.24cde | 1917.71±523.27bcde | 1712.81±551.53cdef | 5829.96±663.33cd |
A2B7 | 2585.48±352.62bcde | 2458.37±585.05abcd | 2267.37±525.97bcd | 7311.22±1152.11bc |
A2B8 | 4258.48±723.96a | 2510.46±608.45abc | 1824.52±298.14cdef | 8593.46±1283.34ab |
组合 Combination | 产量 Yield | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
1茬 First cropping | 2茬 Second cropping | 3茬 Third cropping | 全年 Annual | |
A1B1 | 7434.15±184.31a | 3770.31±348.22ab | 1396.57±276.99d | 12601.03±475.31abcd |
A1B2 | 5595.24±314.19cde | 3519.11±529.33abc | 2059.15±37.48bcd | 11173.50±1268.93cde |
A1B3 | 5410.84±934.64de | 3264.35±607.76abc | 1958.13±222.87bcd | 10633.32±1676.51de |
A1B4 | 5718.59±445.04bcde | 3647.24±363.79abc | 2157.34±635.43bcd | 11523.17±1120.55bcde |
A1B5 | 7164.09±486.83ab | 3434.79±398.95abc | 2453.38±552.52ab | 13052.26±1304.41abc |
A1B6 | 7642.21±1103.21a | 3778.66±669.66ab | 2237.17±99.77bcd | 13658.04±771.05ab |
A1B7 | 6197.15±744.92abcde | 4102.09±630.18ab | 2526.73±62.30abc | 12825.97±1089.85abcd |
A1B8 | 6779.50±1618.31abcd | 4257.20±726.23a | 3304.56±672.45a | 14341.25±2911.65a |
A2B1 | 4867.52±343.78e | 3293.37±122.73abc | 1701.44±248.39cd | 9862.33±390.78e |
A2B2 | 7056.79±866.19abc | 2666.15±548.97c | 1681.30±303.21cd | 11404.24±1218.66bcde |
A2B3 | 5577.65±953.34cde | 4017.28±696.86ab | 1681.31±126.79cd | 11276.24±234.91cde |
A2B4 | 6214.98±1083.48abcd | 3205.20±248.48bc | 2312.94±729.16bcd | 11733.13±502.71bcde |
A2B5 | 6757.46±473.49abcd | 3295.33±527.87abc | 2228.54±259.35bcd | 12281.33±607.13abcd |
A2B6 | 6468.41±695.93abcd | 3263.16±399.33abc | 2169.19±642.61bcd | 11900.76±844.77bcde |
A2B7 | 6749.11±296.49abcd | 3484.35±559.31abc | 2686.00±496.24ab | 12919.47±1117.83abcd |
A2B8 | 7295.57±665.72a | 3541.87±395.93abc | 2355.70±843.95bc | 13193.13±573.30abc |
表5 不同混播组合下禾豆总产量
Table 5 Yield of grass+alfalfa under different mixed sowing combinations (kg·hm-2)
组合 Combination | 产量 Yield | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
1茬 First cropping | 2茬 Second cropping | 3茬 Third cropping | 全年 Annual | |
A1B1 | 7434.15±184.31a | 3770.31±348.22ab | 1396.57±276.99d | 12601.03±475.31abcd |
A1B2 | 5595.24±314.19cde | 3519.11±529.33abc | 2059.15±37.48bcd | 11173.50±1268.93cde |
A1B3 | 5410.84±934.64de | 3264.35±607.76abc | 1958.13±222.87bcd | 10633.32±1676.51de |
A1B4 | 5718.59±445.04bcde | 3647.24±363.79abc | 2157.34±635.43bcd | 11523.17±1120.55bcde |
A1B5 | 7164.09±486.83ab | 3434.79±398.95abc | 2453.38±552.52ab | 13052.26±1304.41abc |
A1B6 | 7642.21±1103.21a | 3778.66±669.66ab | 2237.17±99.77bcd | 13658.04±771.05ab |
A1B7 | 6197.15±744.92abcde | 4102.09±630.18ab | 2526.73±62.30abc | 12825.97±1089.85abcd |
A1B8 | 6779.50±1618.31abcd | 4257.20±726.23a | 3304.56±672.45a | 14341.25±2911.65a |
A2B1 | 4867.52±343.78e | 3293.37±122.73abc | 1701.44±248.39cd | 9862.33±390.78e |
A2B2 | 7056.79±866.19abc | 2666.15±548.97c | 1681.30±303.21cd | 11404.24±1218.66bcde |
A2B3 | 5577.65±953.34cde | 4017.28±696.86ab | 1681.31±126.79cd | 11276.24±234.91cde |
A2B4 | 6214.98±1083.48abcd | 3205.20±248.48bc | 2312.94±729.16bcd | 11733.13±502.71bcde |
A2B5 | 6757.46±473.49abcd | 3295.33±527.87abc | 2228.54±259.35bcd | 12281.33±607.13abcd |
A2B6 | 6468.41±695.93abcd | 3263.16±399.33abc | 2169.19±642.61bcd | 11900.76±844.77bcde |
A2B7 | 6749.11±296.49abcd | 3484.35±559.31abc | 2686.00±496.24ab | 12919.47±1117.83abcd |
A2B8 | 7295.57±665.72a | 3541.87±395.93abc | 2355.70±843.95bc | 13193.13±573.30abc |
处理 Treatment | 1茬 First cropping | 2茬 Second cropping | 3茬 Third cropping | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
禾草 Grass | 苜蓿 Alfalfa | 禾草 Grass | 苜蓿 Alfalfa | 禾草 Grass | 苜蓿 Alfalfa | |
B1 | 0.58±0.13a | 2.85±0.66a | 0.41±0.08ab | 4.44±1.55a | 0.53±0.07a | 11.95±2.40a |
B2 | 0.66±0.12a | 1.90±0.57b | 0.45±0.10a | 3.37±0.97b | 0.50±0.06a | 6.96±1.31b |
B3 | 0.59±0.09a | 1.17±0.46c | 0.42±0.07ab | 1.73±0.70c | 0.52±0.13a | 4.53±1.15c |
B4 | 0.66±0.15a | 1.23±0.37c | 0.47±0.07a | 1.93±0.65c | 0.45±0.12ab | 3.84±0.86cd |
B5 | 0.70±0.10a | 1.14±0.32c | 0.44±0.10a | 2.15±0.29c | 0.46±0.13ab | 3.40±0.75cd |
B6 | 0.65±0.11a | 0.83±0.26c | 0.38±0.12abc | 1.29±0.33c | 0.38±0.08bc | 2.70±0.87d |
B7 | 0.60±0.05a | 0.91±0.18c | 0.33±0.08bc | 1.41±0.43c | 0.33±0.13cd | 2.61±0.45d |
B8 | 0.69±0.11a | 0.80±0.17c | 0.28±0.11c | 1.12±0.58c | 0.27±0.05d | 2.31±0.53d |
表6 不同苜蓿混播比例下混播组分相对密度
Table 6 Relative density (RD) of mixed sowing components under different mixture ratios of alfalfa
处理 Treatment | 1茬 First cropping | 2茬 Second cropping | 3茬 Third cropping | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
禾草 Grass | 苜蓿 Alfalfa | 禾草 Grass | 苜蓿 Alfalfa | 禾草 Grass | 苜蓿 Alfalfa | |
B1 | 0.58±0.13a | 2.85±0.66a | 0.41±0.08ab | 4.44±1.55a | 0.53±0.07a | 11.95±2.40a |
B2 | 0.66±0.12a | 1.90±0.57b | 0.45±0.10a | 3.37±0.97b | 0.50±0.06a | 6.96±1.31b |
B3 | 0.59±0.09a | 1.17±0.46c | 0.42±0.07ab | 1.73±0.70c | 0.52±0.13a | 4.53±1.15c |
B4 | 0.66±0.15a | 1.23±0.37c | 0.47±0.07a | 1.93±0.65c | 0.45±0.12ab | 3.84±0.86cd |
B5 | 0.70±0.10a | 1.14±0.32c | 0.44±0.10a | 2.15±0.29c | 0.46±0.13ab | 3.40±0.75cd |
B6 | 0.65±0.11a | 0.83±0.26c | 0.38±0.12abc | 1.29±0.33c | 0.38±0.08bc | 2.70±0.87d |
B7 | 0.60±0.05a | 0.91±0.18c | 0.33±0.08bc | 1.41±0.43c | 0.33±0.13cd | 2.61±0.45d |
B8 | 0.69±0.11a | 0.80±0.17c | 0.28±0.11c | 1.12±0.58c | 0.27±0.05d | 2.31±0.53d |
处理 Treatment | 1茬 First cropping | 2茬 Second cropping | 3茬 Third cropping | 全年 Annual | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
禾草 Grass | 苜蓿 Alfalfa | 禾草 Grass | 苜蓿 Alfalfa | 禾草 Grass | 苜蓿 Alfalfa | 禾草 Grass | 苜蓿 Alfalfa | |
B1 | 0.84±0.20a | 2.83±0.79a | 0.52±0.12a | 4.30±0.77a | 0.34±0.15ab | 10.95±3.36a | 0.67±0.13a | 4.21±0.78a |
B2 | 0.68±0.12b | 2.54±0.48a | 0.44±0.16ab | 2.06±0.28b | 0.17±0.07d | 7.69±1.13b | 0.53±0.09b | 2.87±0.12b |
B3 | 0.62±0.15bc | 1.31±0.50b | 0.55±0.17a | 1.47±0.43c | 0.21±0.09cd | 4.86±0.60c | 0.55±0.12b | 1.75±0.35c |
B4 | 0.66±0.11bc | 1.18±0.21b | 0.45±0.09ab | 1.21±0.23cd | 0.37±0.10a | 4.33±1.05c | 0.55±0.08b | 1.48±0.13cd |
B5 | 0.70±0.10b | 1.26±0.25b | 0.35±0.09bc | 1.13±0.23cd | 0.17±0.03d | 3.87±1.62c | 0.51±0.06bc | 1.52±0.19cd |
B6 | 0.67±0.18bc | 1.18±0.44b | 0.39±0.09bc | 0.95±0.30d | 0.27±0.15bc | 2.88±1.11c | 0.52±0.12bc | 1.25±0.28d |
B7 | 0.62±0.17bc | 0.89±0.26b | 0.34±0.11bc | 1.01±0.21cd | 0.24±0.12cd | 3.12±0.52c | 0.47±0.07bc | 1.15±0.20d |
B8 | 0.54±0.04c | 1.06±0.33b | 0.31±0.08c | 1.00±0.34cd | 0.16±0.04d | 3.13±1.26c | 0.43±0.04c | 1.19±0.29d |
表7 不同苜蓿混播比例下混播组分相对产量
Table 7 Relative yield (RY) of mixed seeding components under different mixture ratios of alfalfa
处理 Treatment | 1茬 First cropping | 2茬 Second cropping | 3茬 Third cropping | 全年 Annual | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
禾草 Grass | 苜蓿 Alfalfa | 禾草 Grass | 苜蓿 Alfalfa | 禾草 Grass | 苜蓿 Alfalfa | 禾草 Grass | 苜蓿 Alfalfa | |
B1 | 0.84±0.20a | 2.83±0.79a | 0.52±0.12a | 4.30±0.77a | 0.34±0.15ab | 10.95±3.36a | 0.67±0.13a | 4.21±0.78a |
B2 | 0.68±0.12b | 2.54±0.48a | 0.44±0.16ab | 2.06±0.28b | 0.17±0.07d | 7.69±1.13b | 0.53±0.09b | 2.87±0.12b |
B3 | 0.62±0.15bc | 1.31±0.50b | 0.55±0.17a | 1.47±0.43c | 0.21±0.09cd | 4.86±0.60c | 0.55±0.12b | 1.75±0.35c |
B4 | 0.66±0.11bc | 1.18±0.21b | 0.45±0.09ab | 1.21±0.23cd | 0.37±0.10a | 4.33±1.05c | 0.55±0.08b | 1.48±0.13cd |
B5 | 0.70±0.10b | 1.26±0.25b | 0.35±0.09bc | 1.13±0.23cd | 0.17±0.03d | 3.87±1.62c | 0.51±0.06bc | 1.52±0.19cd |
B6 | 0.67±0.18bc | 1.18±0.44b | 0.39±0.09bc | 0.95±0.30d | 0.27±0.15bc | 2.88±1.11c | 0.52±0.12bc | 1.25±0.28d |
B7 | 0.62±0.17bc | 0.89±0.26b | 0.34±0.11bc | 1.01±0.21cd | 0.24±0.12cd | 3.12±0.52c | 0.47±0.07bc | 1.15±0.20d |
B8 | 0.54±0.04c | 1.06±0.33b | 0.31±0.08c | 1.00±0.34cd | 0.16±0.04d | 3.13±1.26c | 0.43±0.04c | 1.19±0.29d |
处理 Treatment | 相对产量总和 Relative yield total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
1茬 First cropping | 2茬 Second cropping | 3茬 Third cropping | 全年 Annual | |
B1 | 0.98±0.24ab | 0.74±0.10ab | 0.89±0.20c | 1.25±0.17c |
B2 | 0.94±0.14ab | 0.64±0.17b | 0.94±0.14bc | 1.33±0.08c |
B3 | 0.82±0.16b | 0.77±0.17a | 0.94±0.11bc | 1.27±0.12c |
B4 | 0.89±0.12ab | 0.69±0.09ab | 1.24±0.30ab | 1.37±0.06c |
B5 | 1.01±0.08a | 0.64±0.10b | 1.14±0.32abc | 1.56±0.15ab |
B6 | 1.02±0.18a | 0.67±0.09ab | 1.13±0.26abc | 1.55±0.18b |
B7 | 0.93±0.14ab | 0.69±0.14ab | 1.34±0.18a | 1.59±0.14ab |
B8 | 0.96±0.15ab | 0.71±0.11ab | 1.41±0.49a | 1.74±0.28a |
表8 不同紫花苜蓿混播比例下草地相对产量总和
Table 8 Relative yield total(RYT) of grassland under different mixed sowing ratios of alfalfa
处理 Treatment | 相对产量总和 Relative yield total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
1茬 First cropping | 2茬 Second cropping | 3茬 Third cropping | 全年 Annual | |
B1 | 0.98±0.24ab | 0.74±0.10ab | 0.89±0.20c | 1.25±0.17c |
B2 | 0.94±0.14ab | 0.64±0.17b | 0.94±0.14bc | 1.33±0.08c |
B3 | 0.82±0.16b | 0.77±0.17a | 0.94±0.11bc | 1.27±0.12c |
B4 | 0.89±0.12ab | 0.69±0.09ab | 1.24±0.30ab | 1.37±0.06c |
B5 | 1.01±0.08a | 0.64±0.10b | 1.14±0.32abc | 1.56±0.15ab |
B6 | 1.02±0.18a | 0.67±0.09ab | 1.13±0.26abc | 1.55±0.18b |
B7 | 0.93±0.14ab | 0.69±0.14ab | 1.34±0.18a | 1.59±0.14ab |
B8 | 0.96±0.15ab | 0.71±0.11ab | 1.41±0.49a | 1.74±0.28a |
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A1B1 | A1B2 | A1B3 | A1B4 | A1B5 | A1B6 | A1B7 | A1B8 | |
评价值Evaluation value | 0.0796 | 0.0669 | 0.0500 | 0.0647 | 0.0666 | 0.0458 | 0.0340 | 0.0414 |
排序Order | 3 | 7 | 12 | 9 | 8 | 13 | 16 | 14 |
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | |||||||
A2B1 | A2B2 | A2B3 | A2B4 | A2B5 | A2B6 | A2B7 | A2B8 | |
评价值Evaluation value | 0.0783 | 0.0511 | 0.0820 | 0.0989 | 0.0570 | 0.0773 | 0.0689 | 0.0376 |
排序Order | 4 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 10 | 5 | 6 | 15 |
表9 不同禾豆混播组合模糊综合评价值
Table 9 The value of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of each combination under different alfalfa and grass mixed sowing combination
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A1B1 | A1B2 | A1B3 | A1B4 | A1B5 | A1B6 | A1B7 | A1B8 | |
评价值Evaluation value | 0.0796 | 0.0669 | 0.0500 | 0.0647 | 0.0666 | 0.0458 | 0.0340 | 0.0414 |
排序Order | 3 | 7 | 12 | 9 | 8 | 13 | 16 | 14 |
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | |||||||
A2B1 | A2B2 | A2B3 | A2B4 | A2B5 | A2B6 | A2B7 | A2B8 | |
评价值Evaluation value | 0.0783 | 0.0511 | 0.0820 | 0.0989 | 0.0570 | 0.0773 | 0.0689 | 0.0376 |
排序Order | 4 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 10 | 5 | 6 | 15 |
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