生态工程前后三江源草地产草量与载畜压力的变化分析

doi:10.11686/cyxb20140513

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

三江源生态保护和建设工程对生态系统的恢复具有重要作用,其对草地生态系统的影响也成为关注的热点。本文基于GLO-PEM模型和载畜压力指数,对比分析了三江源地区实施生态工程前后草地产草量和载畜压力的变化。结果表明,工程实施后的2005-2012年8年的草地平均产草量为694 kg/hm²,比工程实施前1988-2004年17年的平均产草量(533 kg/hm²)提高了30.31%,减畜措施实施后的2003-2012年10年的平均载畜压力指数为1.46,比1988-2002年15年平均载畜压力指数(2.49)下降了36.1%。草地产草量的提高和载畜压力的减轻,主要归因于生态保护和建设工程的实施以及气候变化。其中,生态工程对草地生态系统的恢复已初见成效。

Abstract:

This paper reports on the impact of the Ecological Protection and Construction project in the Three Rivers headwater region. Grassland yield and grazing pressure have been calculated using the Global Production Efficiency Model (GLO-PEM) model and the Grazing Pressure Index. Data have been analysed and compared for the years before and after the project was initiated. Results indicate that the region’s mean grassland yield from 2005 to 2012, after project implementation, was 30.31% higher (694 kg/ha) than from 1988 to 2004, before the project began (533 kg/ha). Following the introduction of the livestock reduction program, the mean index of grazing pressure from 2003 to 2012 was 36.1% lower (1.46) than for the years 1988 to 2002 (2.49). The reasons for grassland recovery and grazing pressure reduction may be due to a combination of the Ecological Protection and Construction project and climate change. However, the ecological effectiveness of the project has clearly emerged.

中图分类号:

S812

张良侠,樊江文,邵全琴,唐风沛,张海燕,李愈哲. 生态工程前后三江源草地产草量与载畜压力的变化分析[J]. 草业学报, 2014, 23(5): 116-123.

ZHANG Liang-xia,FAN Jiang-wen,SHAO Quan-qin,TANG Feng-pei,ZHANG Hai-yan,LI Yu-zhe. Changes in grassland yield and grazing pressure in the Three Rivers headwater region before and after the implementation of the eco-restoration project[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(5): 116-123.

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