不同能量水平低氮饲粮对藏羊表观消化率、氮代谢和生长性能的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2017443

草业学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (9): 166-174.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2017443

不同能量水平低氮饲粮对藏羊表观消化率、氮代谢和生长性能的影响

康婧鹏¹, 王文基², 郭亚敏¹, 景小平², 仲崇亮¹, 郭伟¹, 龙瑞军², 周建伟^{2, 3, *}

1.兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室,兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州 730020;
2.青藏高原生态系统管理国际中心,兰州大学生命科学学院,甘肃兰州 730000;
3.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2017-10-25 修回日期:2018-01-11 出版日期:2018-09-20 发布日期:2018-09-20
通讯作者: E-mail: zhoujw@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:康婧鹏(1993-),女,甘肃武威人,在读硕士。E-mail: kangjp15@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31601960, 31672453)资助

Effects of different dietary energy levels on apparent digestibility, nitrogen metabolism and growth performance of Tibetan sheep under low nitrogen conditions

KANG Jing-peng¹, WANG Wen-ji², GUO Ya-min¹, JING Xiao-ping², ZHONG Chong-liang¹, GUO Wei¹, LONG Rui-jun², ZHOU Jian-wei^{2, 3, *}

1.State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China;
2.International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
3.Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resource, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2017-10-25 Revised:2018-01-11 Online:2018-09-20 Published:2018-09-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 试验旨在研究不同能量水平低氮饲粮对藏羊表观消化率、氮代谢和生长性能的影响,为高寒地区反刍家畜冷季补饲提供参考。选取1.5周岁、体重(48.5±1.89) kg和体况相近的健康去势藏羊24只,随机分为低能(LE)、中低能(MLE)、中高能(MHE)和高能(HE)4个处理组,每组6个重复。试验饲粮的粗蛋白质(CP)含量相近[(6.97±0.05)%]而能量不同,其消化能(DE)水平分别为8.21、9.33、10.45和11.57 MJ·kg^-1。经过49 d的饲养和全收粪尿法,结果表明:1)藏羊的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、总能(GE)采食量在各处理组间基本相同(P>0.05),其中DM、GE表观消化率都随着能量水平的提高而线性增加(P<0.05);2)当饲粮能量水平升高时,藏羊血清尿素氮(BUN)浓度线性增加(P<0.05),而游离脂肪酸(FFA)浓度却线性降低(P<0.05);3)随着饲粮能量水平升高,藏羊尿氮排出量线性降低(P<0.05),氮平衡和氮沉积率均线性升高(P<0.05),并且氮沉积率(NDR,%)与饲粮能量水平(DE, MJ·kg^-1)呈显著线性正相关,其关系式为NDR=5.2143DE-39.006(R²=0.9616,n=24);4)藏羊的平均日增重(ADG)随着饲粮能量水平的提高而线性增加(P<0.05),除LE组外,其余ADG都为正值。上述研究结果表明,藏羊的蛋白和能量维持需要量较低,低氮条件下提高能量水平可改善藏羊的饲料营养消化率、氮代谢以及生长性能。

关键词: 藏羊, 饲粮能量水平, 表观消化率, 氮代谢, 生长性能

Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different dietary energy levels on the apparent digestibility, nitrogen metabolism and growth performance of Tibetan sheep under low nitrogen conditions, and thus to provide useful references for the supplementary feeding of alpine ruminants during the cold season. Twenty-four healthy, 1.5-year-old castrated Tibetan sheep with similar body weights (48.5±1.89 kg)were selected and then divided into four treatment groups: LE (low energy), MLE (medium low energy), MHE (medium high energy) and HE (high energy). Each group included 6 replicates. Diets were formulated to have similar crude protein (CP) content (6.97%±0.05%) but four different digestible energy levels: 8.23, 9.31, 10.45 and 11.57 MJ·kg^-1 respectively. The animals were fed these diets for 49 days, with total collection of feces and urine for analysis. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Dry matter (DM), CP and gross energy (GE) intakes were similar among the four groups, whereas DM and GE apparent digestibilities all increased linearly with rising dietary energy levels (P<0.05). 2) Serum free fatty acid (FFA) concentration decreased linearly as dietary energy increased (P<0.05) while urea nitrogen (BUN) increased (P<0.05). 3) As dietary energy levels increased, urinary nitrogen excretion decreased linearly (P<0.05); however, the nitrogen balance and nitrogen deposition rates both increased (P<0.05). There was a strong linear regression between nitrogen deposition rates (NDR, %) and dietary energy levels (DE, MJ·kg^-1): NDR=5.2143DE-39.006 (R²=0.9616,n=24). 4) With the exception of the low energy group, all the average daily gain (ADG) values were positive and increased linearly with dietary energy (P<0.05).These results indicate that while the energy and protein requirements of Tibetan sheep are relatively low their apparent digestibility, nitrogen metabolism and growth performance could be improved with supplements of dietary energy.

Key words: Tibetan sheep, dietary energy level, apparent digestibility, nitrogen metabolism, growth performance

康婧鹏, 王文基, 郭亚敏, 景小平, 仲崇亮, 郭伟, 龙瑞军, 周建伟. 不同能量水平低氮饲粮对藏羊表观消化率、氮代谢和生长性能的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(9): 166-174.

KANG Jing-peng, WANG Wen-ji, GUO Ya-min, JING Xiao-ping, ZHONG Chong-liang, GUO Wei, LONG Rui-jun, ZHOU Jian-wei. Effects of different dietary energy levels on apparent digestibility, nitrogen metabolism and growth performance of Tibetan sheep under low nitrogen conditions[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(9): 166-174.

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不同能量水平低氮饲粮对藏羊表观消化率、氮代谢和生长性能的影响

Effects of different dietary energy levels on apparent digestibility, nitrogen metabolism and growth performance of Tibetan sheep under low nitrogen conditions

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