不同秋眠级苜蓿生产性能及越冬率评价

doi:10.11686/cyxb2018335

草业学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 82-92.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2018335

不同秋眠级苜蓿生产性能及越冬率评价

王晓龙^1,2, 李红², 米福贵^1,*, 于洁¹, 王雪婷¹, 孟凯¹, 贾振宇¹, 王佺珍³

1.内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,饲草栽培、加工与高效利用农业部重点实验室,草地资源教育部重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特 010011;
2.黑龙江省畜牧研究所,黑龙江齐齐哈尔 161005;
3.西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2018-05-22 修回日期:2018-10-25 出版日期:2019-06-20 发布日期:2019-06-20
通讯作者: *E-mail: mfguinm@163.com
作者简介:王晓龙(1986-),男,蒙古族,内蒙古通辽人,在读博士。E-mail: wangxiaolong1640@126.com
基金资助:
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403048-05),中欧政府间国际合作重点专项(2017YFE0111000),省院科技合作专项(YS15B17),黑龙江省青年科学基金项目(QC2014C025),黑龙江省青年科学基金项目(QC2015027)和黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发项目(GA15B105)资助

Comparison of production performance and winter survival rate of different fall dormancy alfalfa varieties

WANG Xiao-long^1,2, LI Hong², MI Fu-gui^1,*, YU Jie¹, WANG Xue-ting¹, MENG Kai¹, JIA Zhen-yu¹, WANG Quan-zhen³

1.College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot 010011, China;
2.Institute of Animal Science of Heilongjiang Province, Qiqihar 161005, China;
3.College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China

Received:2018-05-22 Revised:2018-10-25 Online:2019-06-20 Published:2019-06-20
Contact: * E-mail: mfguinm@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 筛选适宜呼和浩特地区种植的苜蓿品种,探讨苜蓿秋眠等级与生产性能及越冬的关系,为建植苜蓿人工草地提供优良品种。收集国内外8个不同秋眠等级紫花苜蓿品种进行试验,采用随机区组设计,于2015-2017年每年初花期进行刈割,调查越冬率,测定株高、再生性、茎叶比、干草产量及营养成分[粗蛋白质(crude protein,CP)、干物质(dry matter,DM)、酸性洗涤纤维(acid detergent fiber,ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(neutral detergent fiber,NDF)]含量,计算相对饲用价值(relative feed value,RFV),通过相关性分析和隶属函数评价筛选出最优苜蓿品种。结果表明,中苜2号、草原3号和驯鹿苜蓿越冬率(>95%)与金皇后苜蓿差异不显著(P>0.05),但显著高于与其他苜蓿品种(P<0.05)。秋眠等级与越冬率存在极显著负相关关系(P<0.01),相关系数为-0.984,而秋眠等级与苜蓿干草产量相关性不显著(P>0.05)。2015年,秋眠型苜蓿中苜2号干草产量最高,显著高于其他苜蓿材料(P<0.05);2016年,中苜2号和金皇后苜蓿干草产量较高,二者显著高于其他苜蓿品种(P<0.05),而WL525和驯鹿苜蓿干草产量较低;2017年,中苜2号苜蓿干草产量最高,其次是金皇后和草原3号,以上3个苜蓿品种显著高于其他苜蓿品种(P<0.05)。通过3年试验发现,中苜2号苜蓿的干草产量和相对饲用价值均为最高,酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维含量最低,苜蓿纤维含量越低,饲用价值越好。草原3号、中苜2号苜蓿的粗蛋白含量均大于20%,粗蛋白含量越高,营养价值越好。运用隶属函数综合评价,确定中苜2号、金皇后和草原3号属于最佳苜蓿品种。苜蓿秋眠等级与越冬率呈显著的负相关关系,秋眠等级对苜蓿干草产量、营养成分等生产性能无显著影响。中苜2号、金皇后和草原3号苜蓿品种在3年干草产量、越冬性及营养品质方面均表现较好,较适宜呼和浩特地区种植。

关键词: 秋眠级, 苜蓿, 品种试验, 干草产量, 营养价值, 越冬率

Abstract: Selection for fall dormancy in alfalfa can impact other traits such as hay yield, nutritive value, re-growth rate, stem leaf ratio, plant height and winter survival rate. The objective of this study was to identify the optimum alfalfa varieties for cultivation in Hohhot area. A total of eight alfalfa varieties (Caoyuan No.3, Zhongmu No.2, Caribou, Gold empress, Sanditi, Sardi, WL525, WL903) were planted in a regional test field. The experiment used a randomized block design and the eight cultivars were mowed at the early flowering stage in 2015, 2016, and 2017. In order to select the optimal alfalfa varieties, forage yield and nutrient composition, including dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were determined and the relative feed value (RFV) was calculated. The results showed that the winter survival rate of Zhongmu No.2, Caoyuan No.3, and Caribou all exceeded 95%. Together with Gold empress, the four varieties had significantly higher survival rates than the others (P<0.05). In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between fall dormancy and winter survival rate (-0.984; P<0.01). However, there was no significant correlation between fall dormancy and hay yield (P>0.05). The highest hay yield was obtained from Zhongmu No.2 in 2015. The hay yield of Zhongmu No.2 and Gold empress were significantly higher than the other varieties (P<0.05) and Caribou and WL525 had a relative low yield in 2016. In 2017, the top three varieties in hay yield were Zhongmu No.2, Gold empress and Caoyuan No.3. Moreover, the crude protein content of Caoyuan No.3 and Zhongmu No.2 were both greater than 20%. And Zhongmu No.2 had the lowest acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber contents, as well as the highest relative feed value. According to subordinate function value analysis, Zhongmu No.2, Gold empress and Caoyuan No.3 were the optimum alfalfa varieties. In summary, fall dormancy of alfalfa had no significant effect on alfalfa production performance such as hay yield and nutritive value, but was significantly negative correlated with winter survival rate. Our study showed that Zhongmu No.2, Gold empress and Caoyuan No.3 had greater performance than the others in hay yield, winter surviving and nutrition quality, and they were the optimum alfalfa varieties for planting in Hohhot area of Inner Mongolia.

Key words: fall dormancy, alfalfa, varieties test, hay yield, nutritive value, winter surviving rate

王晓龙, 李红, 米福贵, 于洁, 王雪婷, 孟凯, 贾振宇, 王佺珍. 不同秋眠级苜蓿生产性能及越冬率评价[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(6): 82-92.

WANG Xiao-long, LI Hong, MI Fu-gui, YU Jie, WANG Xue-ting, MENG Kai, JIA Zhen-yu, WANG Quan-zhen. Comparison of production performance and winter survival rate of different fall dormancy alfalfa varieties[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(6): 82-92.

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不同秋眠级苜蓿生产性能及越冬率评价

Comparison of production performance and winter survival rate of different fall dormancy alfalfa varieties

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