不同添加剂处理对小黑麦和黑麦青贮营养品质和发酵品质的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019044

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用二因素试验设计,以无添加剂处理作为对照,研究了甲酸以及两种乳酸菌类青贮添加剂(Sila-Max,Sila-Mix)对小黑麦和黑麦青贮营养品质和发酵品质的影响,以期为小黑麦和黑麦青贮饲料的调制奠定基础。结果表明:甲酸处理组的中(酸)性洗涤纤维含量显著低于其他处理(P<0.05),可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量和干物质消化率(DMD)显著高于对照组(P<0.05),青贮营养品质最优;Sila-Max和Sila-Mix处理组的DMD和乳酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),pH值和NH₃-N/TN显著低于对照组(P<0.05),青贮营养品质和发酵品质均优于对照组,其中Sila-Max用量最少,发酵品质最优;青贮原料间小黑麦的营养品质和发酵品质均优于黑麦,更适于调制青贮饲料。综上,小黑麦添加甲酸调制青贮饲料的营养品质最优,小黑麦添加Sila-Max处理调制青贮饲料的发酵品质最优。

关键词: 黑麦, 小黑麦, 青贮, 甲酸, 乳酸菌添加剂

Abstract: This research studied the effect of formic acid and two kinds of lactobacillus additive (Sila-Max, Sila-Mix) on the quality and nutrient composition of rye and triticale silage. The experiment used a two-factor design (2 plant species; 4 silage types, the three additives as above and an untreated control). It was found that neutral and acid detergent fiber (NDF and ADF, respectively) contents in the formic acid treatment group were significantly lower than other treatments (P<0.05), while water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content and dry matter digestibility (DMD) were significantly higher than in the control (P<0.05), and the silage nutrition quality was the best. The DMD and lactic acid contents of the Sila-Max and Sila-Mix treatment groups were significantly higher than those of the other treatment groups (P<0.05), pH value, while NH₃-N:TN were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). The silage nutrient quality and fermentation quality of treated silages were better than the control group. Among the treatments, Sila-Max required the lowest dosage of additive, and resulted in the best silage fermentation quality. Compared with rye silage, triticale silage had superior nutritive quality and silage quality. Triticale was more suitable for the use of silage. In summary, the best silage nutritional quality was obtained with triticale treated with formic acid, and the best silage quality was obtained with triticale treated with Sila-Max.

Key words: rye, triticale, silage, formic acid, lactobacillus additive

代寒凌, 田新会, 杜文华, 吴建平. 不同添加剂处理对小黑麦和黑麦青贮营养品质和发酵品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(12): 211-219.

DAI Han-ling, TIAN Xin-hui, DU Wen-hua, WU Jian-ping. Effects of silage additives on nutritional quality and silage quality of triticale and rye[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(12): 211-219.

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