饲用油菜的营养成分分析及其在山羊瘤胃降解特性研究

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019376

草业学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 50-57.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2019376

饲用油菜的营养成分分析及其在山羊瘤胃降解特性研究

赵娜^1,**, 杨雪海^1,**, 魏金涛^1,*, 郭万正¹, 陈芳¹, 周广生², 傅廷栋²

1.湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,动物胚胎工程及分子育种湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉 430064;
2.华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室,湖北武汉 430070

收稿日期:2019-08-29 出版日期:2020-05-20 发布日期:2020-05-20
通讯作者: * E-mail: jintao001@163.com
作者简介:赵娜(1981-),女,河南驻马店人,助理研究员,硕士。E-mail: hnzona@sina.com;杨雪海(1980-),男,湖北房县人,助理研究员,硕士。E-mail: 56698668@qq.com。 **共同第一作者
基金资助:
湖北省产业技术体系高效冬春饲用作物种植、青贮与饲喂技术创新团队和湖北省农业科技创新中心项目(2019-620-000-001-21)资助

Nutritional composition of forage rape and its rumen degradation characteristics in goats

ZHAO Na^1,**, YANG Xue-hai^1,**, WEI Jin-tao^1,*, GUO Wan-zheng¹, CHEN Fang¹, ZHOU Guang-sheng², FU Ting-dong²

1.Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China;
2.Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Plant Science and Technology, Wuhan 430070, China

Received:2019-08-29 Online:2020-05-20 Published:2020-05-20
Contact: * E-mail: jintao001@163.com
About author:**These authors contributed equally to this work

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究旨在通过化学分析和瘤胃瘘管山羊动物模型研究饲用油菜的营养成分、瘤胃降解特性,为饲用油菜饲喂反刍动物提供营养参数。试验测定华油杂62油菜盛花期及结荚初期植株营养成分含量,并用3只装有永久瘤胃瘘管的波尔山羊测定饲用油菜的瘤胃降解率。结果表明:1)盛花期饲用油菜的粗蛋白质和总氨基酸含量分别达到17.30%、11.48%,显著高于结荚初期(P<0.05);两个生长期饲用油菜的粗脂肪、粗灰分、钙、磷、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。盛花期植株中硫甙含量为10.17 μmol·g^-1、单宁含量为0.94%,均高于结荚初期。2)盛花期、结荚初期饲用油菜中干物质、粗蛋白质、有机物、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维的瘤胃降解率随消化时间的延长均逐渐升高;盛花期饲用油菜粗蛋白质的瘤胃降解率在72 h时达到84.70%;干物质的瘤胃降解率在0~24 h快速升高,48 h后稳定在67%左右;中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的瘤胃降解率上升速度较慢,72 h时分别为48.22%和45.78%。结荚初期饲用油菜中干物质和有机物的瘤胃降解率在0~72 h均低于同时间点的盛花期。3)盛花期、结荚初期饲用油菜植株中各营养成分之间快速降解部分差异显著(P<0.05),粗蛋白质快速降解部分均为最高,分别达到64.06%和68.81%;粗蛋白质有效降解率显著高于其他营养成分(P<0.05),分别达到76.50%和75.13%。结论盛花期和结荚初期饲用油菜的主要营养成分含量和瘤胃降解率均较高,盛花期饲用油菜更易被山羊瘤胃消化。

关键词: 饲用油菜, 营养成分, 瘤胃降解率

Abstract: In this research, the nutritive value parameters of Huayouza 62 forage rape at flowering and early podding stages of crop development were evaluated by chemical analysis and rumen degradation characteristics were determined using three rumen-fistulated Boer goats. The results provide nutritional parameters for feeding forage rape to ruminants. It was found that: 1) The crude protein (CP) of forage rape in the flowering stage was 17.30%, and the total amino acid content was 11.48%, and both values were significantly higher than at the early podding stage (P<0.05). There were no significant (P>0.05) differences between the flowering and early podding crop growth stages in the contents of CP, crude ash (CA), calcium (Ca), total phosphate (TP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF). The glucosinolate content in the flowering stage was 10.17 μmol·g^-1 and the tannin content was 0.94%, and these values were higher than those in early podding stage. 2) The rumen degradation rate of dry matter (DM), CP, organic matter (OM), NDF and ADF in the flowering and early podding stages gradually increased with increased digestion time. The CP rumen degradation rate of forage rape in flowering stage was 84.7% at 72 h. The DM rumen degradation rate increased rapidly from 0 to 24 h and stabilized at about 67% after 48 h, while the rumen degradation of NDF and ADF progressed more slowly, with values of 48.22% and 45.78%, respectively, at 72 h. The rumen degradation rate of DM and OM at the early podding stage was lower than at the flowering stage at the same time point from 0 to 72 h. 3) The rapidly soluble component of the various nutrient fractions differed significantly (P<0.05) between the flowering and early podding stage. CP was the nutrient fraction with the highest rapidly soluble values, reaching 64.06% at flowering and 68.81% at early podding, while the effective degradation rates of CP at these two growth stages were 76.50% and 75.13% (P<0.05), respectively. In conclusion, the feeding value of forage rape in both the flowering stage and the early podding stage is very high. The rumen degradation rate of the main nutrients is high, making forage rape suitable as a ruminant feed. Forage rape was more easily digested by goats in the flowering stage, than in the early podding stage.

Key words: forage rape, nutrient composition, rumen degradation rate

赵娜, 杨雪海, 魏金涛, 郭万正, 陈芳, 周广生, 傅廷栋. 饲用油菜的营养成分分析及其在山羊瘤胃降解特性研究[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(5): 50-57.

ZHAO Na, YANG Xue-hai, WEI Jin-tao, GUO Wan-zheng, CHEN Fang, ZHOU Guang-sheng, FU Ting-dong. Nutritional composition of forage rape and its rumen degradation characteristics in goats[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(5): 50-57.

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饲用油菜的营养成分分析及其在山羊瘤胃降解特性研究

Nutritional composition of forage rape and its rumen degradation characteristics in goats

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