氮素添加对荒漠化草原草本植物养分化学计量特征的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2020245

草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 64-72.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020245

氮素添加对荒漠化草原草本植物养分化学计量特征的影响

马英¹(), 许志豪¹, 曾巧红¹, 孟建龙², 胡亚虎¹(), 苏洁琼³

^1.兰州大学资源环境学院，甘肃省环境污染预警与控制重点实验室，甘肃兰州 730000
^2.甘肃华鼎环保科技有限公司，甘肃临夏 731199
^3.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，沙坡头沙漠研究试验站，甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2020-05-26 修回日期:2020-07-16 出版日期:2021-05-21 发布日期:2021-05-21
通讯作者: 胡亚虎
作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: huyh@lzu.edu.cn
马英（1991-），女，回族，宁夏中卫人，在读硕士。E-mail: maying18@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC1802905);国家自然科学基金项目(41501337)

Impact of nitrogen addition on stoichiometric characteristics of herbaceous species in desert steppe

Ying MA¹(), Zhi-hao XU¹, Qiao-hong ZENG¹, Jian-long MENG², Ya-hu HU¹(), Jie-qiong SU³

^1.College of Earth and Environmental Sciences，Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control，Gansu Province，Lanzhou University，Lanzhou 730000，China
^2.Gansu Huading Environmental Protection Technology Co. ，Ltd. ，Linxia 731199，China
^3.Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China

Received:2020-05-26 Revised:2020-07-16 Online:2021-05-21 Published:2021-05-21
Contact: Ya-hu HU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究氮（N）沉降增加后荒漠草本植物的养分利用策略及碳（C）同化能力和分配格局的变化，以腾格里沙漠东南缘的典型荒漠化草原为研究区，分析了N素添加下不同功能型草本植物根部和地上部化学计量比的变化。结果表明：N素添加会导致土壤中总N、铵态N以及植物体内N含量的显著增加，同时会促进多年生植物尤其是非禾本科植物对磷（P）的吸收，但会显著降低一年生植物根部P的含量。一年生和多年生非禾本科植物的C含量在N素添加下显著降低，多年生禾本科植物的C含量则表现出显著的器官差异，其中地上部的C含量显著降低，而根部显著增加。不同功能型植物体内的C/N和C/P（除一年生植物根部的C/P）在N素添加后显著降低，且二者均表现出根部大于地上部的趋势。植物的N/P在N素添加下显著增加，尤其是一年生植物的变化趋势随施肥水平的变化更加显著。可见，在N素受限的荒漠化草原，外源N素输入导致的土壤N素有效性提升后会凸显P素对植物生长的限制性作用，同时会降低草本植物的C同化能力并加强C向植物根部的分配。

关键词: 氮沉降, 荒漠化草原, 植物功能型, 生态化学计量比, 土壤磷

Abstract:

In order to study the nutrient utilization strategies and the changes in carbon （C） assimilation ability and distribution pattern of desert herbaceous plants after increased nitrogen （N） deposition， the changes of root and shoot stoichiometric ratio of different functional plant groups were analyzed under N addition in a typical desert steppe on the southeastern fringe of the Tengger Desert. It was found that the addition of N significantly increased the contents of soil total N， soil ammonium N， and plant N， and promoted the uptake of phosphorus （P） by perennials， especially forbs， but significantly decreased the content of P in roots of annuals. After N addition， the C content of annuals and perennial forbs decreased significantly， while the C content of perennial grasses showed an obvious shoot-root difference， in which the C content of shoot decreased significantly， while that of the roots increased significantly. The C∶N and C∶P ratios in plants of the different functional groups （except for the C∶P in roots of annuals） significantly decreased after the addition of N， and in both cases the tendency was for the root decrease to be greater than that of the shoot. In addition， the N∶P ratio in plants significantly increased after the addition of N. In particular， the changes for annuals with improved fertilization level were more significant. Therefore， in the N-limited desert steppe studied， the improvement of soil N availability resulting from exogenous N input will highlight the restrictive effect of P on plant growth， reduce the C assimilation per unit N of herbaceous plants and enhance the distribution of C to plant roots.

Key words: nitrogen deposition, desert steppe, plant functional groups, ecological stoichiometry, soil phosphorus

马英, 许志豪, 曾巧红, 孟建龙, 胡亚虎, 苏洁琼. 氮素添加对荒漠化草原草本植物养分化学计量特征的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(6): 64-72.

Ying MA, Zhi-hao XU, Qiao-hong ZENG, Jian-long MENG, Ya-hu HU, Jie-qiong SU. Impact of nitrogen addition on stoichiometric characteristics of herbaceous species in desert steppe[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(6): 64-72.

图/表 4

图1 不同N素添加处理下土壤全N和有效态N素含量的变化不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著（P<0.05）。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different treatments at the P<0.05 level.

Fig.1 Changes of soil total N and available N content under different N addition treatments

表1 植物C、N、P含量的多因素方差分析

Table 1 Results of the univariate multi-factor ANOVA on the content of C, N, and P in the plant

试验因素 Experimental factors	碳C		氮N		磷P
试验因素 Experimental factors	F	P	F	P	F	P
氮肥处理 Nitrogen treatment (N)	10.292	<0.001	367.064	<0.001	41.045	<0.001
植物类型 Plant type (PT)	320.504	<0.001	64.697	<0.001	282.462	<0.001
植物器官 Plant organ (PO)	4.091	<0.050	2505.708	<0.001	3126.423	<0.001
N×PT	24.538	<0.001	20.713	<0.001	78.397	<0.001
N×PO	51.786	<0.001	67.221	<0.001	19.794	<0.001
PT×PO	126.714	<0.001	171.746	<0.001	372.315	<0.001
N×PT×PO	29.831	<0.001	9.669	<0.001	27.573	<0.001

图2 不同N素添加处理下植物根部和地上部C、N、P含量的变化不同大写和小写字母分别表示植物根部和地上部C、N和P含量在不同处理间差异显著，P<0.05。下同。Different capital letters and lowercase letters indicate significant differences of C, N, and P contents in plant roots and shoots among different N addition treatments at the 0.05 level, respectively. The same below.

Fig.2 Changes of C, N and P contents in roots and shoots of plants under different N addition treatments

图3 不同N素添加处理下植物体内C、N、P生态化学计量比的变化

Fig.3 Changes of ecological stoichiometry of C, N, and P in plant roots and shoots under different N addition treatments

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氮素添加对荒漠化草原草本植物养分化学计量特征的影响

Impact of nitrogen addition on stoichiometric characteristics of herbaceous species in desert steppe

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