草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 107-117.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021216
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
王斌1(), 李满有1, 王欣盼1, 董秀2, 庞军宝3, 兰剑1()
收稿日期:
2021-05-25
修回日期:
2021-07-05
出版日期:
2021-12-01
发布日期:
2021-12-01
通讯作者:
兰剑
作者简介:
Corresponding author. E-mail: ndlanjian@163.com基金资助:
Bin WANG1(), Man-you LI1, Xin-pan WANG1, Xiu DONG2, Jun-bao PANG3, Jian LAN1()
Received:
2021-05-25
Revised:
2021-07-05
Online:
2021-12-01
Published:
2021-12-01
Contact:
Jian LAN
摘要:
针对半干旱区退化紫花苜蓿人工草地饲草产量低、品质差问题,试验采用单因素随机区组设计,研究了不同深松浅旋程度:深松30 cm+浅旋5 cm(S1Q1),深松30 cm+浅旋10 cm(S1Q2),深松40 cm+浅旋5 cm(S2Q1),深松40 cm+浅旋10 cm(S2Q2),深松50 cm+浅旋5 cm(S3Q1),深松50 cm+浅旋10 cm(S3Q2)以及不做处理(CK)对半干旱区退化紫花苜蓿草地土壤理化性质、生产性能及饲草品质的影响,并利用主成分分析(PCA)方法评价其改良效果。3年试验结果表明,深松浅旋能够不同程度降低紫花苜蓿草地土壤容重,增加土壤孔隙度,显著提高紫花苜蓿株高、分枝数和叶茎比。其中,S2Q1处理可降低0~40 cm土层土壤容重,S2Q2处理可提高紫花苜蓿分枝数、干草产量和粗蛋白含量,降低中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量。经PCA综合分析,紫花苜蓿干草产量、叶茎比和粗蛋白贡献率较大,牧草相对饲喂价值和中性洗涤纤维贡献率较小;深松浅旋S2Q2处理能够获得较高的紫花苜蓿干草产量(6505.44 kg·hm-2)和粗蛋白含量(20.74%);综合性状排名由高到低依次为S2Q2,S1Q2,S2Q1,S3Q2,S1Q1,S3Q1,CK。由此说明,深松40 cm+浅旋10 cm对半干旱区退化紫花苜蓿草地改良效果最优。
王斌, 李满有, 王欣盼, 董秀, 庞军宝, 兰剑. 深松浅旋对半干旱区退化紫花苜蓿人工草地改良效果研究[J]. 草业学报, 2022, 31(1): 107-117.
Bin WANG, Man-you LI, Xin-pan WANG, Xiu DONG, Jun-bao PANG, Jian LAN. Combined ploughing and tilling to improve degraded alfalfa (Medicago sativa) stands in a semi-arid region[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(1): 107-117.
图1 不同处理间紫花苜蓿株高、一级分枝数的比较不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different treatments (P<0.05). The same below.
Fig.1 Comparison of alfalfa plant height and number of primary branches among different treatments
项目 Items | 初始特征值方差 Variance of initial eigenvalues | ||
---|---|---|---|
特征值 Eigenvalue | 方差贡献率Variance contribution (%) | 累积贡献率 Accumulative contribution (%) | |
主成分1 Principal component 1 | 6.074 | 75.920 | 75.920 |
主成分2 Principal component 2 | 1.700 | 21.251 | 97.171 |
主成分3 Principal component 3 | 0.173 | 2.157 | 99.328 |
主成分4 Principal component 4 | 0.028 | 0.350 | 99.677 |
主成分5 Principal component 5 | 0.025 | 0.312 | 99.990 |
主成分6 Principal component 6 | 0.001 | 0.010 | 100 |
表1 主成分的特征值
Table 1 Eigenvalues of principal components
项目 Items | 初始特征值方差 Variance of initial eigenvalues | ||
---|---|---|---|
特征值 Eigenvalue | 方差贡献率Variance contribution (%) | 累积贡献率 Accumulative contribution (%) | |
主成分1 Principal component 1 | 6.074 | 75.920 | 75.920 |
主成分2 Principal component 2 | 1.700 | 21.251 | 97.171 |
主成分3 Principal component 3 | 0.173 | 2.157 | 99.328 |
主成分4 Principal component 4 | 0.028 | 0.350 | 99.677 |
主成分5 Principal component 5 | 0.025 | 0.312 | 99.990 |
主成分6 Principal component 6 | 0.001 | 0.010 | 100 |
项目 Items | 主成分1 Principal component 1 | 主成分2 Principal component 2 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
特征向量Feature vector | 载荷Load | 特征向量Feature vector | 载荷Load | |
株高Plant height | 0.349 | 0.861 | 0.367 | 0.478 |
分枝数Branch number | 0.349 | 0.861 | 0.367 | 0.478 |
叶茎比Leaf/stem | 0.387 | 0.954 | 0.208 | 0.271 |
干草产量Hay yield | 0.397 | 0.978 | 0.139 | 0.181 |
粗蛋白Crude protein | 0.386 | 0.951 | 0.080 | 0.104 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber | -0.265 | -0.654 | 0.568 | 0.740 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber | -0.358 | -0.883 | 0.341 | 0.445 |
相对饲喂价值Relative feeding value | 0.317 | 0.781 | -0.473 | -0.617 |
表2 主成分对应的特征向量和载荷矩阵
Table 2 The eigenvectors and load matrix corresponding to the principal components
项目 Items | 主成分1 Principal component 1 | 主成分2 Principal component 2 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
特征向量Feature vector | 载荷Load | 特征向量Feature vector | 载荷Load | |
株高Plant height | 0.349 | 0.861 | 0.367 | 0.478 |
分枝数Branch number | 0.349 | 0.861 | 0.367 | 0.478 |
叶茎比Leaf/stem | 0.387 | 0.954 | 0.208 | 0.271 |
干草产量Hay yield | 0.397 | 0.978 | 0.139 | 0.181 |
粗蛋白Crude protein | 0.386 | 0.951 | 0.080 | 0.104 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber | -0.265 | -0.654 | 0.568 | 0.740 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber | -0.358 | -0.883 | 0.341 | 0.445 |
相对饲喂价值Relative feeding value | 0.317 | 0.781 | -0.473 | -0.617 |
处理 Treatment | 主成分1 Principal component 1 | 主成分2 Principal component 2 | 综合得分 Comprehensive score | 排序 Ranking |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | -4.918 | 0.392 | -3.757 | 7 |
S1Q1 | 0.124 | 0.647 | 0.238 | 5 |
S1Q2 | 1.805 | -1.955 | 0.983 | 2 |
S2Q1 | 0.320 | 1.584 | 0.597 | 3 |
S2Q2 | 2.783 | -0.747 | 2.011 | 1 |
S3Q1 | -0.795 | 0.493 | -0.513 | 6 |
S3Q2 | 0.681 | -0.414 | 0.441 | 4 |
表3 深松浅旋处理综合排名及得分
Table 3 Comprehensive ranking and score for plowing and shallow rotary cultivation
处理 Treatment | 主成分1 Principal component 1 | 主成分2 Principal component 2 | 综合得分 Comprehensive score | 排序 Ranking |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | -4.918 | 0.392 | -3.757 | 7 |
S1Q1 | 0.124 | 0.647 | 0.238 | 5 |
S1Q2 | 1.805 | -1.955 | 0.983 | 2 |
S2Q1 | 0.320 | 1.584 | 0.597 | 3 |
S2Q2 | 2.783 | -0.747 | 2.011 | 1 |
S3Q1 | -0.795 | 0.493 | -0.513 | 6 |
S3Q2 | 0.681 | -0.414 | 0.441 | 4 |
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