草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 25-38.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020537
收稿日期:
2020-12-02
修回日期:
2021-02-26
出版日期:
2022-02-20
发布日期:
2021-12-22
通讯作者:
王国华
作者简介:
Corresponding author. E-mail: gimi123@126.com基金资助:
Wen-ting GUO1(), Guo-hua WANG1,2,3(), Qian-qian GOU1, Jing LIU1
Received:
2020-12-02
Revised:
2021-02-26
Online:
2022-02-20
Published:
2021-12-22
Contact:
Guo-hua WANG
摘要:
藜科一年生草本植物白茎盐生草、刺沙蓬和雾冰藜是荒漠绿洲过渡带人工防风固沙林草本层的优势植物, 在维持过渡带生态功能稳定方面发挥着不可替代的作用。以河西走廊荒漠绿洲过渡带的上述3种藜科植物为研究对象, 通过野外大面积取样, 对其地上、地下各构件数量性状和生物量进行系统分析, 研究3种植物在营养生长期不同阶段的构件生长和生物量分配特征, 揭示3种植物在不同生长阶段的生长策略, 为深入认识其生态适应机理和荒漠生态系统的保育提供参考。结果表明:1)营养生长期间, 3种植物的构件生长和生物量积累变异程度不同, 地上和地下生物量表现为强变异, 且变异系数相近, 地上构件中变异程度最强的为叶片, 而地下构件中变异程度最强的为侧根;2)3种植物的构件生长和生物量积累在营养生长期不同阶段差异显著(P<0.05), 主根生长主要发生在前期和中期, 而茎干、叶片、分枝和侧根生长主要在中期和后期;3)3种植物地上构件数量性状(茎高、分枝数和叶片数)和地上生物量在营养生长期内主要表现为异速生长关系, 而地下构件数量性状(主根长和侧根数)与地下生物量在营养生长期前期表现为异速生长关系, 中期和后期关系不显著;4)3种植物的根冠比(R/S)随营养生长期的推进逐渐降低, 地上生物量分配比例不小于86%, 地下生物量分配比例不超过14%, 且个体较大的植株R/S较小。
郭文婷, 王国华, 缑倩倩, 刘婧. 河西走廊荒漠绿洲过渡带3种典型一年生藜科植物构件生长及生物量分配特征[J]. 草业学报, 2022, 31(2): 25-38.
Wen-ting GUO, Guo-hua WANG, Qian-qian GOU, Jing LIU. Module growth and biomass allocation of three typical Chenopodiaceae annuals in a typical desert-oasis ecotone of the Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province, China[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(2): 25-38.
数量特征 Quantitative character | 物种 Species | 最小值 Minimum value | 最大值 Maximum value | 平均值 Mean value | 标准差 Standard deviation | 变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
茎高 Stem height (cm) | HA | 1.1 | 41.5 | 17.47 | 12.24 | 70.07 |
SR | 1.6 | 37.5 | 15.58 | 10.34 | 66.33 | |
BD | 2.9 | 46.0 | 20.95 | 12.64 | 60.34 | |
分枝数 Branch number | HA | 0 | 115 | 40.32 | 34.61 | 85.84 |
SR | 0 | 108 | 37.99 | 35.12 | 93.25 | |
BD | 0 | 41 | 18.59 | 12.48 | 67.12 | |
叶片数 Leaf number | HA | 23 | 20785 | 4827.22 | 5594.90 | 115.90 |
SR | 31 | 15744 | 3069.94 | 3683.93 | 120.00 | |
BD | 19 | 9889 | 2241.52 | 2379.73 | 106.17 | |
主根长 Main root length (cm) | HA | 4.0 | 39 | 15.93 | 7.34 | 46.10 |
SR | 5.1 | 58 | 18.64 | 10.57 | 56.74 | |
BD | 4.3 | 80 | 21.52 | 13.14 | 61.06 | |
侧根数 Lateral root number | HA | 0 | 20 | 7.04 | 5.19 | 73.70 |
SR | 0 | 31 | 12.04 | 7.63 | 63.35 | |
BD | 1 | 26 | 8.81 | 6.14 | 69.69 | |
地上生物量 Above-ground biomass (g) | HA | 0.02 | 37.76 | 6.46 | 8.08 | 125.02 |
SR | 0.05 | 33.58 | 6.44 | 7.96 | 123.59 | |
BD | 0.01 | 22.60 | 5.53 | 6.29 | 113.74 | |
地下生物量 Below-ground biomass (g) | HA | 0.003 | 3.64 | 0.58 | 0.72 | 125.52 |
SR | 0.006 | 2.21 | 0.49 | 0.57 | 117.47 | |
BD | 0.002 | 3.01 | 0.66 | 0.74 | 110.80 |
表1 3种藜科草本植物数量性状的变异特征
Table 1 Variation characteristics of quantitative characters of three Chenopodiaceae annuals
数量特征 Quantitative character | 物种 Species | 最小值 Minimum value | 最大值 Maximum value | 平均值 Mean value | 标准差 Standard deviation | 变异系数 Coefficient of variation (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
茎高 Stem height (cm) | HA | 1.1 | 41.5 | 17.47 | 12.24 | 70.07 |
SR | 1.6 | 37.5 | 15.58 | 10.34 | 66.33 | |
BD | 2.9 | 46.0 | 20.95 | 12.64 | 60.34 | |
分枝数 Branch number | HA | 0 | 115 | 40.32 | 34.61 | 85.84 |
SR | 0 | 108 | 37.99 | 35.12 | 93.25 | |
BD | 0 | 41 | 18.59 | 12.48 | 67.12 | |
叶片数 Leaf number | HA | 23 | 20785 | 4827.22 | 5594.90 | 115.90 |
SR | 31 | 15744 | 3069.94 | 3683.93 | 120.00 | |
BD | 19 | 9889 | 2241.52 | 2379.73 | 106.17 | |
主根长 Main root length (cm) | HA | 4.0 | 39 | 15.93 | 7.34 | 46.10 |
SR | 5.1 | 58 | 18.64 | 10.57 | 56.74 | |
BD | 4.3 | 80 | 21.52 | 13.14 | 61.06 | |
侧根数 Lateral root number | HA | 0 | 20 | 7.04 | 5.19 | 73.70 |
SR | 0 | 31 | 12.04 | 7.63 | 63.35 | |
BD | 1 | 26 | 8.81 | 6.14 | 69.69 | |
地上生物量 Above-ground biomass (g) | HA | 0.02 | 37.76 | 6.46 | 8.08 | 125.02 |
SR | 0.05 | 33.58 | 6.44 | 7.96 | 123.59 | |
BD | 0.01 | 22.60 | 5.53 | 6.29 | 113.74 | |
地下生物量 Below-ground biomass (g) | HA | 0.003 | 3.64 | 0.58 | 0.72 | 125.52 |
SR | 0.006 | 2.21 | 0.49 | 0.57 | 117.47 | |
BD | 0.002 | 3.01 | 0.66 | 0.74 | 110.80 |
图1 营养生长期不同阶段白茎盐生草、刺沙蓬和雾冰藜构件生长和生物量积累特征不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05), 下同。Different letters indicate significant differences at the P<0.05 level, the same below.
Fig.1 The characteristics of module growth and biomass accumulation in different stages of the vegetative growth period of H. arachnoideus, S. ruthenica and B. dasyphylla
图2 茎高与地上生物量的关系图中a~c为营养生长期前期、d~f为中期、g~i为后期, 下同。In the figure,a-c,d-f and g-i respectively represent early-, mid-, and late-vegetative growth, the same below.
Fig.2 The relationship between stem height and above-ground biomass
图9 3种藜科植物不同生长阶段的资源需求与竞争图解以白茎盐生草为例。 Take H. arachnoideus as an example.
Fig. 9 Resource demand and competition at different growth stages of three Chenopodiaceae annuals
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