草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 163-177.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021165
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
沈江龙1(), 陈吉军2, 阿布都瓦里 ·伊玛木2, 杨坤2, 郭雅婷2, 郑江华1()
收稿日期:
2021-04-28
修回日期:
2021-09-22
出版日期:
2022-06-20
发布日期:
2022-05-11
通讯作者:
郑江华
作者简介:
E-mail: zheng_jianghua@126.com基金资助:
Jiang-long SHEN1(), Ji-jun CHEN2, Abuduwali IMAM2, Kun YANG2, Ya-ting GUO2, Jiang-hua ZHENG1()
Received:
2021-04-28
Revised:
2021-09-22
Online:
2022-06-20
Published:
2022-05-11
Contact:
Jiang-hua ZHENG
摘要:
探索亮柔伪步甲虫害发生与草地退化的耦合关系,定量分析虫害发生对草地植被的影响,为草原部门科学有效地防治虫害提供理论依据。本研究基于环境一号遥感影像、土地覆盖产品数据、气象数据分别反演草地植被覆盖度、土地利用状态、气候要素等环境变量,结合野外调查数据,使用线性趋势分析、叠加分析、土地利用状态转移矩阵、相关分析、方差分析等方法,分析亮柔伪步甲发生水平与草地植被覆盖度、气候等环境因素相互作用关系,总结亮柔伪步甲虫害的发生机制。结果表明:亮柔伪步甲虫口密度与归一化植被指数(NDVI)呈显著负相关性,NDVI随虫害发生程度的加重呈降低趋势:level 3(重度发生)<level 2(中度发生)<level 0(对照)<level 1(轻度发生);亮柔伪步甲虫口密度与年际间的植被覆盖变化无相关性,且各危害水平之间也无显著性差异。河床、河漫滩、农牧交错区等裸露地表是亮柔伪步甲虫害的高爆发区,而草地内部的发生水平较低。虫口密度高的实测点与草地退化区域并无空间关系。荒漠草地生态系统脆弱且敏感,植被覆盖度低,草地破碎。草地退化是气候干旱、过度放牧等因素综合作用的结果,并非直接由亮柔伪步甲虫害造成。
沈江龙, 陈吉军, 阿布都瓦里 ·伊玛木, 杨坤, 郭雅婷, 郑江华. 新疆荒漠草地亮柔伪步甲虫害与草地变化关系研究—以昌吉州南山草场为例[J]. 草业学报, 2022, 31(6): 163-177.
Jiang-long SHEN, Ji-jun CHEN, Abuduwali IMAM, Kun YANG, Ya-ting GUO, Jiang-hua ZHENG. The relationship between attack by Prosodes dilaticollis and desert grassland changes in Xinjiang: A case study of southern mountain grassland in Changji[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(6): 163-177.
图1 研究区概况a:研究区区位图、b:野外调查工作照、c:亮柔伪步甲危害景观、d:研究区概况图。a:Position map of study, b:Field work photo, c:Landscape of pests, d:Overview of study area.
Fig.1 Overview of the study area
时间Time | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
日期Date (月-日Month-day) | 4-24 5-31 6-30 | 4-25 5-30 6-25 | 4-26 5-28 6-23 | 4-25 6-04 6-26 | 4-21 6-05 6-22 | 4-30 5-28 6-30 | 4-21 5-23 6-30 | 5-05 5-30 | 5-12 5-28 | 5-15 6-01 | 4-28 5-15 5-28 |
表1 遥感影像时间
Table 1 Remote sensing image date
时间Time | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
日期Date (月-日Month-day) | 4-24 5-31 6-30 | 4-25 5-30 6-25 | 4-26 5-28 6-23 | 4-25 6-04 6-26 | 4-21 6-05 6-22 | 4-30 5-28 6-30 | 4-21 5-23 6-30 | 5-05 5-30 | 5-12 5-28 | 5-15 6-01 | 4-28 5-15 5-28 |
图2 虫口密度与NDVI的空间关系a:高分一号遥感影像,b:NDVI,c:土地覆盖类型。a: Image data of GF1-WFV,b: NDVI,c: Land coverage.
Fig. 2 The spatial relationship between insect density and NDVI
图3 虫口密度与NDVI的相关性和方差分析*代表相关系数通过0.05置信水平下的显著性检验。 a:原始数据的相关分析;b:原始数据的方差分析;c:标准化数据的相关分析;d:标准化数据的方差分析。下同。*represents correlation coefficient passing the significance test at the 0.05 confidence level. a:Correlation analysis of raw data; b:Variance analysis of raw data; c:Correlation analysis of standardized data; d:Variance analysis of standardized data. The same below.
Fig.3 Correlation and variance analysis of insect density and NDVI
项目 Item | 降水量 Precipitation | 平均温度 Mean annual temperature | 平均相对湿度 Average relative humidity | 日照时数 Duration of sunshine | 归一化植被指数 NDVI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
平均温度Mean annual temperature | -0.70* | ||||
平均相对湿度Average relative humidity | 0.68* | -0.76* | |||
日照时数Duration of sunshine | -0.09 | 0.20 | -0.66* | ||
归一化植被指数NDVI | 0.78* | -0.56 | 0.88* | -0.49 | |
虫口密度Insect density | 0.20 | 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.04 | -0.05 |
表2 自然环境因素、虫口密度相关系数矩阵
Table 2 Correlation coefficient matrix of environment factors and insect density
项目 Item | 降水量 Precipitation | 平均温度 Mean annual temperature | 平均相对湿度 Average relative humidity | 日照时数 Duration of sunshine | 归一化植被指数 NDVI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
平均温度Mean annual temperature | -0.70* | ||||
平均相对湿度Average relative humidity | 0.68* | -0.76* | |||
日照时数Duration of sunshine | -0.09 | 0.20 | -0.66* | ||
归一化植被指数NDVI | 0.78* | -0.56 | 0.88* | -0.49 | |
虫口密度Insect density | 0.20 | 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.04 | -0.05 |
地类 Land type | 草地 Grassland | 村庄 Village | 裸地 Bareland | 农田 Farmland | 水体 Water | 2010年合计 Total 2010 | 流出总计 Total outflow |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
草地Grassland | 10833.33 | 433.33 | 12940.00 | 1240.00 | 33.33 | 25480.00 | 14646.66 |
村庄Village | 1766.67 | 180.00 | 2553.33 | 346.67 | 6.67 | 4853.33 | 4673.34 |
裸地Bareland | 15380.00 | 973.33 | 39393.33 | 2706.67 | 886.67 | 59340.00 | 19946.67 |
农田Farmland | 2100.00 | 153.33 | 3320.00 | 453.33 | 13.33 | 6040.00 | 5586.66 |
水体Water | 6.67 | 20.00 | 226.67 | 60.00 | 400.00 | 713.33 | 313.34 |
2017年总计Total 2017 | 30086.67 | 1753.33 | 58440.00 | 4800.00 | 1340.00 | ||
流入总计Total inflow | 19253.34 | 1579.99 | 19040.00 | 4353.34 | 940.00 |
表3 2010-2017年土地利用状态转移矩阵
Table 3 Land cover state transfer matrix of 2010-2017 (hm2)
地类 Land type | 草地 Grassland | 村庄 Village | 裸地 Bareland | 农田 Farmland | 水体 Water | 2010年合计 Total 2010 | 流出总计 Total outflow |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
草地Grassland | 10833.33 | 433.33 | 12940.00 | 1240.00 | 33.33 | 25480.00 | 14646.66 |
村庄Village | 1766.67 | 180.00 | 2553.33 | 346.67 | 6.67 | 4853.33 | 4673.34 |
裸地Bareland | 15380.00 | 973.33 | 39393.33 | 2706.67 | 886.67 | 59340.00 | 19946.67 |
农田Farmland | 2100.00 | 153.33 | 3320.00 | 453.33 | 13.33 | 6040.00 | 5586.66 |
水体Water | 6.67 | 20.00 | 226.67 | 60.00 | 400.00 | 713.33 | 313.34 |
2017年总计Total 2017 | 30086.67 | 1753.33 | 58440.00 | 4800.00 | 1340.00 | ||
流入总计Total inflow | 19253.34 | 1579.99 | 19040.00 | 4353.34 | 940.00 |
图10 2010-2017年南山草场草地变化与虫口密度的叠加分析A:未叠加样点; B:叠加样点; a: 旱卡子滩; b:黑羊沟; c:加崂; d:阿克齐。A: No overlying samples; B: Overlying samples; a: Hanqiazitan; b: Heiyanggou; c: Jialao; d: Akeqi.
Fig.10 2010-2017 overlap analysis of land cover change and insect density
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